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PSA > Prescribing > Flashcards

Prescribing Flashcards

Medication Management

1
Q

ECG shows broad QRS, irregular tachycardia. What are the possible diagnosis and how to treat?

A

AF with BBB- treat as narrow complex
Pre exited AF- amiodarone
Torsades de pointes- magnesium 2g over 10 mins

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2
Q

ECG shows broad QRS, regular tachycardia. What are the possible diagnosis and how to treat?

A

VT- amiodarone

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3
Q

ECG shows narrow QRS, irregular tachycardia. What are the possible diagnosis and how to treat?

A

AF >48 hrs- b blocker or diltiazem

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4
Q

ECG shows narrow QRS, regular tachycardia. What are the possible diagnosis and how to treat?

A

SVT- vagal manoeuvres, adenosine

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5
Q

What is the management of anaphylaxis? (1st, 2nd and 3rd line)

A

Adrenaline IM 500 mcg 1:1000
Chlorphenamine IV 10 mg
Hydrocortisone IV 200 mg

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6
Q

First line in acute asthma exacerbation?

A

Salbutamol 5 mg nebulised

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7
Q

Second line options in acute asthma exacerbation?

A

IV hydrocortisone 100 mg or ipratropium 500 mcg neb

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8
Q

PE treatment

A

LMWH treatment dose e.g. enoxaparin

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9
Q

Management of bleed while on warfarin?

A

Prothrombin and vitamin k
(Vit K is phytomenindione in bnf)

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10
Q

Initial management of bacterial meningitis in GP?

A

1.2 g benzylpenicillin IV or IM

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11
Q

Hospital management of bacterial meningitis

A

dexamethasone IV 4-10 mg
cefotaxime IV 2g

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12
Q

First line treatment of status epilepticus?

A

benzodiazepines;
IV 2-4mg
Buccal 10mg

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13
Q

what medication can be given after benzos in status epilepticus?

A

phenytoin

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14
Q

what medication can be given for acute stroke?

A

Aspirin 300 mg

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15
Q

Drug management of hyperglycaemia

A

Fixed rate short
potassium monitoring (correct if <4)

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16
Q

Management options for hypoglycaemia in unconscious pt?

A

IV 20% glucose 100ml
or 1 mg IM glucagon

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17
Q

fluid prescribing for AKI

A

500ml stat, then 1 L 4 hourly

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18
Q

Medication for paracetamol overdose

A

n acetyl cysteine

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19
Q

Medication for opiate overdose

A

Naloxone 400mcg
If no response, up to 2 doses of 800mcg

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20
Q

Medication for benzodiazepine overdose

A

flumazenil

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21
Q

chronic HF drugs, that reduce mortality

A

ACEi
B blocker

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22
Q

HTN management if <55 and white, or DM

A

ACEi or ARB

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23
Q

HTN management if >55 or black

A

CCB

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24
Q

How do you step up HTN medication after first line

A

always and ACEi or and ARB, never both
add on the other category, e.g. CCB or thiazide-like if ACEi; ACEi or thiazide-like if CCB
Third line is all 3

25
Q

Second line mx for HF?

A

Spironolactone

26
Q

Medication to manage acute fluid overload in HF?

A

Furosemide

27
Q

How to treat AF if <48 hours since onset?

A

Flecainide or electrical cardioversion

28
Q

Stroke prevention- when to give and what? when not to give?

A

DOAC or warfarin if CKD
If CHA2DS2VASc if 1 in men or 2 in women.
If HASBLED score 1 there is moderate risk of bleed, if 3 then absolutely not

29
Q

Pain relief in angina, how to write dose

A

GTN spray- dose is 2 sprays

30
Q

Angina secondary prevention

A

aspirin, statin

31
Q

Stable angina anti anginal med

A

B-blocker (atenolol) or diltiazem

32
Q

second line anti anginal therapy

A

isosorbide mononitrate or nicorandil

33
Q

COPD management 1,2,3,4 line

A

1- SABA/SAMA
2- LABA
3- LABA + LAMA (ICS if asthmatic features)
4- LABA + LAMA + ICS

34
Q

Asthma management 1,2,3,4 line

A

1- ICS PRN
2- ICS preventer
3- ICS+ LABA
4- ICS increase or +LTRA

35
Q

Diabetes secondary prevention(3 meds) and when

A

if over 50 in T2DM or CVD RF:
aspirin and statin
if neurovascular complications:
ACEi is protective

36
Q

First line options for T2DM

A

metformin - esp if overweight
SU- if creatinine >150, better for underweight pts

37
Q

Second line T2DM options

A

Dual therapy:
DPP4i
Pioglitazone
SU
SGLT2i

38
Q

Third line T2DM options:

A

metformin, DPP4i, SU
metformin, Pioglitazone, SU
metformin, Pioglitazone/SU, SGLT2i

39
Q

Management of Parkinson’s disease?

A

co beneldopa or co careldopa

40
Q

Mild Parkinson’s disease management?

A

Ropinirole
Rasagiline (MAOi)

41
Q

Least teratogenic antiepileptics?

A

lamotrigine or levetiracetam

42
Q

Tonic clonic seizure meds

A

valproate or lamotrigine

43
Q

management of myoclonic seizures

A

valproate or levetiracetam

44
Q

management of focal seizures

A

carbamazepine or lamotrigine

45
Q

management of absence seizures

A

ethosuximide or valproate

46
Q

Way to remember anti epileptic medications for women?

A

All lamotrigine, except myoclonic seizures are levetiracetam
Absence is ethosuximide for both F+M

47
Q

Ways to remember antiepileptic medications for men?

A

All valproate, except carbamazepine in focal
Absence is ethosuximide for both F+M

48
Q

What medications are used in mil/moderate Alzheimer’s?

A

AChE i
Donepezil, rivastigmine, galantamine

49
Q

What medication can be added on in moderate/ severe Alzheimer’s?

A

Memantine

50
Q

What medication is used to induce remission in Crohn’s

A

Prednisolone or hydrocortisone if severe

51
Q

What medications are used to maintain remission in Crohn’s

A

Azathioprine (affected by enzyme activity)
Or, methotrexate

52
Q

What rheum meds can be given in chronic RA?

A

Methotrexate

53
Q

What rheum meds can be given in acute RA?

A

Methylprednisolone
NSAIDs
DMARDs

54
Q

Types of laxatives?

A

Bulking- ispaghula husk
Osmotic- lactulose, phosphate enema
Softener- docusate sodium
Stimulant- senna, bisacodyl

55
Q

What laxatives are C/I in acute abdomen

A

Stimulants, or phosphate enema (osmotic)

56
Q

What laxative is c/i in IBD?

A

Phosphate enema

57
Q

When are all laxatives c/i

A

Bowel obstruction

58
Q

What meds to give for insomnia?

A

Zopiclone 7.5 mg, half the dose in thin or elderly

PSA (1 decks)

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