Preschoolers

Question 1

Describe the growth proportions in school aged children in relation to weight and height.

Answer 1

They are starting to lose more weight and gain height; growing taller and rounding out more

Question 2

Describe the vision of a school aged child.

Answer 2

20/30, 20/40, they are still a little nearsighted at this age

Question 3

Describe the teeth of a school age child.

Answer 3

About 20 teeth, losing baby teeth

Question 4

Describe the brain weight of a school aged child.

Answer 4

90% of adult brain weight

Question 5

Describe protein and caloric intake for school aged child.

Answer 5

Calories: 90 cal/kg a day
Protein: 3 grams of protein/ kg/day

Question 6

How much of the total intake should be saturated fats?

Answer 6

10%

Question 7

What are the daily calcium needs for ages 1-3 years?

Answer 7

500 mg per day

Question 8

What are the daily calcium needs for ages 4-8 years?

Answer 8

800 mg a day

Question 9

What are the fiber needs for a school age child?

Answer 9

15-20g

Question 10

How many meals a day should they have?

Answer 10

6 meals a day: 3 meals and 3 snacks

Question 11

Name some reason for poor nutritional intake in school aged children.

Answer 11

Too much eating between meals
Unhappy meal time atmosphere
Attention-seeking
Mimicking parental eating habits
Inadequate variety and quantity

Question 12

What are some other common issues when it comes to poor eating habits in children?

Answer 12

Pickiness
Erratic eating problems
Illness or emotional disturbance

Question 13

A child is considered obese if…

Answer 13

their weight is more than 20% higher than the ideal weight for a boy or girl for their height and age

Question 14

BMI above _____ is considered at risk for obesity.

Answer 14

85%

Question 15

BMI above ____ is considered obese.

Answer 15

95%

Question 16

What are some interventions for the obese child?

Answer 16

Appropriate portion sizes
Healthy food choices
Promote physical activity 
Limit technology/ electronic time
Emphasize that this a lifestyle

Question 17

How much sleep should a 3-4 year old get?

Answer 17

10-12 hours a night

Question 18

How much sleep should a 4-5 year old get?

Answer 18

9-11 hours

Question 19

Piaget says school age children are in what stage?

Answer 19

Preoperational Period:

• egocentric thought
• literal thinking
• absolute thinking
• no concept of reversibility

Question 20

How old is the child in Piaget’s intuitive phase?

Answer 20

4-7yrs old

Question 21

Describe the language of a 3-4yr old.

Answer 21

Sentences of 3-4 words

Question 22

Describe the language of a 4-5yr old.

Answer 22

4-5 word sentences

Question 23

What is the age of the child in Freud’s anal and phallic stages?

Answer 23

Anal: 1.5- 3 years
Phallic: 4-6years

Question 24

Describe the spiritual development of children at this age.

Answer 24

Starting to learn the spiritual aspects of the family and become more involved

Question 25

What stage is the child in according to Erikson’s psychosocial theory?

Answer 25

Initiative vs. Guilt

Question 26

“Initiative” according to Erikson’s means…

Answer 26

The child is learning new things, has energy and enjoyment for life, is able to learn, plan, and be dependable

Question 27

“Guilt” according to Erikson’s is described as…

Answer 27

If the child continuously does something bad or wrong they feel guilty or responsible been if they are not

Question 28

How is initiative promoted or how can it be encouraged by the parent?

Answer 28

Teach them to explore new environments, give them things to do that they can be successful at, reinforce positive behaviors, encourage creativity, imagination

Question 29

At this age, the child is very egocentric. What does this mean?

Answer 29

All about me, live in fantasy world where everything goes back to them

Question 30

What is post hospitalization syndrome and what are some interventions for it?

Answer 30

• when the child continues the sick role after being released home
• interventions: resume normal routine and discipline, give attention to well behaviors, avoid leaving the child overnight for a few weeks, let them play with doctor/ nurse kits to cope

Question 31

What is associative play?

Answer 31

Free play, play without any specific plan

Question 32

Describe some of the different types of play.

Answer 32

• physical
• dramatic: learn to take someone else’s perspective
• creative: coloring, drawing, instruments
• quiet: puzzles, books
• symbolic: helps them learn meanings of things

Question 33

What is the parent’s role in the play of the child?

Answer 33

To provide opportunity, equipment, and safety

• parents should not interfere or structure play
• parent should also not be the only playmate of the child

Question 34

What causes UTI’s in children?

Answer 34

-not wiping correctly, holding it

Question 35

What commonly causes infectious diseases on children?

Answer 35

Constantly being around other children, not washing their hands, and putting everything in their mouths