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Edcalp > PRESCHOOLER’S PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT > Flashcards

PRESCHOOLER’S PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT Flashcards

1
Q

is commonly known as “the years before formal schooling begins”. Covers 3-5 age.

A

Preeschooler Years

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2
Q

( Climbs well
( Runs easily
( Pedals a tricycle
( Walks up and down stairs, one foot on each step
( Washes and dries hands

A

AGE 3

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3
Q

( Hops and stands on one foot up to 2 seconds
( Pours, cuts with supervision, and mashes own food
( Catches a bounced ball most of the time
( Draws a person with two to four body parts
( Uses scissors

A

AGE 4

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4
Q

( Stand on one foot for 10 seconds or longer
( Hops, and may be able to skip
( Can do a somersault
( Uses a fork and spoon and sometimes a table knife

A

AGE 5

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5
Q

FACTORS THAT AFFECT PHYSICAL GROWTH IN YOUNG CHILDREN:

A

BRAIN DEVELOPMENT
HEREDITY
NUTRITION
CULTURAL DIFFERENCES

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6
Q

The three category of gross motor skills

A

Locomotor
Non-Locomotor
Manipulative Skills

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7
Q

are those skills that involve going from one place to another.

A

Locomotor

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8
Q

Those skills where the child stays at place

A

Non-Locomotor Skills

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9
Q

Are those skills that involve projecting and receiving objects

A

Manipulative Skills

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10
Q

Refers to the ability to use the smaller muscles in the arm, hands and fingers purposefully.

A

Fine Motor Development

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11
Q

He studied the motor Activity and came up with the stages of drawing in early childhood

A

Victor Lowenfeld

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12
Q

What are the three stages of drawing in early childhood

A
  1. Scribbling stage.
  2. Preschematic Stage
  3. Schematic Stage
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13
Q

The two Sub stages of Piaget’s operational thought:

A

•Symbolic Stages
•Intuitive Stages

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14
Q

In this stage, Preschool children show progress in their cognitive abilities by being able to draw objects that are not present, by their dramatic increase in their language and make believe-play.

A

Symbolic Stages

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15
Q

In this stage, preschool begin to use primitive reasoning and ask litany questions.

A

Intuitive Stages

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16
Q

The 4 Main Areas of Language

A
  1. Phonology - study of speech and sounds.
  2. Semantics - study of word meaning and word combination.
  3. Syntax - the study of sentence constructions.
  4. Pragmatics - the study of conversation or social uses of language.
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17
Q

a process by which children absorb the meaning of a new word after hearing it once or twice in conversation.

A

Fast Mapping

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18
Q

In this theory, Vygotsky believed that young children use language both to communicate socially and to plan, guide and monitor their behavior in a self-regulatory fashion- called INNER SPEECH or PRIVATE SPEECH.

A

Vygotsky’s Socio-cultural Theory

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19
Q

Refers to individual’s thought about how mental processes works.

A

Theory of Mind

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20
Q

The child is able to understand both verbal and non-verbal forms of communication.

A

Receptive Language

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21
Q

The child is able to match identical objects, colors, shapes and symbols.

A

PRE- READING AND PRE-MATH (Matching)

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22
Q

The child is able to sustain attention and modulate his activity at age-expected levels.

A

DOMAIN: COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENTS

23
Q

The child develops basic concepts pertaining to object constancy, space, time, quantity, seriation, etc., and uses these as the basis for understanding how the materials are categorized in his/her environment.

A

HIGHER-ORDERED MENTAL ABILITIES (Concept Formation)

24
Q

The child is able to recall people he has met, events, and places he has been to.

A

MEMORY: (Episodic Memory)

25
Q

The child is able to store verbal information in short and long term memory.

A

MEMORY: (Memory for Concept-Based Knowledge-Semantic Memory)

26
Q

This involves setting realistic boundaries that keep preschoolers safe and respectful of self and others

A

Judicious Permissiveness

27
Q

refers to the way one sees himself, a general view about one’s abilities, strengths and weaknesses

A

Self-concept

28
Q

The process of forming gender roles, gender-based preferences and behaviors accepted by society.

A

Gender typing

29
Q

Gender Environmental Factors:

A

Family
Teachers
Peers
Mass Media

30
Q

Play is the main agenda of the preschool years. As the preschooler develops, social interaction with playmates increases.

A

Parten’s Stages of Play

31
Q

Parten’s 6 Stages of Play

A

• Unoccupied
• Onlooker
• Solidarity Play
• Parallel play
• Associative Play
• Cooperative

32
Q

The child appears not to be playing but directs his attention on anything that interests him.

A

Unoccupied

33
Q

The child spends time watching others play.

A

Onlooker

34
Q

The child starts to play on his own.

A

Solitary Play

35
Q

The child plays with toys similar with other children near him, but only plays beside and not with them.

A

Parallel Play

36
Q

The child plays with others. There is interaction among them, but no
task assignment, rules and organization are agreed upon.

A

Associative Play

37
Q

The child plays with others bound by some agreed upon rules and roles.

A

Cooperative

38
Q

Baumrind’s 4 Caregiving Styles:

A

• Authoritative
• Permissive
•Authoritarian
• Negligent

39
Q

High demandingness and High Responsivenes

A

Authoritative

40
Q

Low demandingness and High Responsiveness

A

Permissive

41
Q

High demandingness and Low responsiveness

A

Authoritarian

42
Q

Low demandingness & Low responsiveness

A

Negligent

43
Q

Motor development skills include

A

coordination, balance, speed, agility and power.

44
Q

Ability to maintain equilibrium in a fixed position.

A

Static Balance

45
Q

Ability to maintain equilibrium while moving

A

Dynamic balance

46
Q

Spans from ages 7-11 years old
- It is the third stage in Piaget’s theory of Cognitive Development

A

Concrete Operational

47
Q

In this stage, Children have better understanding of their thinking skills. Children began to think logically about concrete events, but have difficulty understanding in abstract or hypothetical concepts, thus most of them still have a hard time in problem-solving.

A

Concrete Operational

48
Q

Involves thinking from a specific experience to a general principle.

A

Inductive Logic

49
Q

Using a general principle to determine the outcome of specific event.

A

Deductive Logic

50
Q

Developed their certain skills within a particular time frame.

A

Sequencial Manner

51
Q

Types of Memories

A

Short-term Memory – remembering something that we recently saw or heard. It lasts for about 20 seconds.

Long-term Memory – refers to the unlimited capacity memory store that can hold information over lengthy periods of time.

  • Procedural Memory – consist of how to do things.
  • Declarative Memory – consists of facts, general knowledge, and personal experiences.
    • Semantic Memory – contains factual information and knowledge related to the world.
    • Episodic Memory – consist of our memories of personal experiences and specific events that have happened in the past.
52
Q

Fourth stage of Erikson’s Psychosocial Stages:

A

INDUSTY vs. INFERIORITY

53
Q

A child’s involvement in the situation where long, patient work is demanded of them.

A

INDUSTY

54
Q

The feeling created when a child gets a feeling of failure when they cannot finish or master their school work.

A

INFERIORITY -

Edcalp (4 decks)

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