Preschool Cognitive

Question 1

What is Symbolic Representation

Answer 1

use of symbols in the forms of actions images or words to repersent events or experiences
can not yet manipulate and transform information in a logical way
it allows preschoolers to think about something not immediately present

Question 2

why is symbolic representation important

Answer 2

Language and pretend play

Question 3

what are preschoolers cognitive skills

Answer 3

they use language to understand the world but are egocentric
they focus on the here and now
thinking is influenced by perceptions and the inability to look at more than one dimension at a time
Operations are logical mental actions
they can imagine something rather than doing it also solve problems plan actions by manipulating the steps mentally
are limited as they think in the here and now
look at things from a superficaial level and focus on one aspect of an experience at a time
are better able to use and manipulate symbols to think and learn words objects and behaviours that represent something else

Question 4

what is egocentrism

Answer 4

failure to distinguish the symbolic viewpoints of others from one’s one viewpoints

Question 5

what is precausal thinking

Answer 5

describes the way in which preoperational children use their own existing ideas or views

Question 6

what is animistic thinking

Answer 6

belief that inianimate objects have life like quailites

Question 7

what is artifcialism

Answer 7

tendency of young children to believe that they or others can cause naturally occuring events

Question 8

what is the ability to understand false beliefs

Answer 8

in false belief situations the child has accurate information about a situation that another person doesn’t

Question 9

how do preschoolers see mental states

Answer 9

begin to see how mental states help explain people’s behaviours

Question 10

what is memory for young preschoolers

Answer 10

remember 3-4 unrelated things at a time
difficulty retelling stories and events
thinkers associate by emotions and visuals

Question 11

what is memory for older preschooler

Answer 11

may remember 5-6 unrelated items
can remember sequence of simple stories and events and retell them in the correct sequence

Question 12

how is young preschoolers numeracy skills

Answer 12

understand more and less and quantitys up to three or four

Question 13

how is older preschoolers numeracy skills

Answer 13

better able to use actual numbers to make comparisons
understand last number when counting the total
may begin to understand addition or subtraction

Question 14

what is classification for young preschoolers

Answer 14

will have difficulty sorting objects because they will change the method of sorting

Question 15

what is classification for older preschoolers

Answer 15

will easily sort objects

Question 16

what is attention span

Answer 16

it increases throughout this period

Question 17

how long can young preschoolers have an attention span

Answer 17

may sit in a circle for 10 minutes

Question 18

how long an attention span can older preschoolers have

Answer 18

easily handle 20 minutes

Question 19

what is conservation

Answer 19

it is the avility to understand the wuantity of something remains the same regardless of how it appears

Question 20

does conservation require logical thinking and do they happen right away

Answer 20

yes it does but it does not appear until school age years
slowly acquired through the late preschool years

Question 21

do younger preschoolers understand time

Answer 21

has a very limited understanding of time may know what comes next in the schedule

Question 22

do older preschoolers understand time

Answer 22

may be able to use a clock to help with important items during the day

Question 23

do younger preschoolers understand problem solving

Answer 23

still very much into trial and error although past experiences will help them make decisions in similar situations

Question 24

Do older preschoolers understand how to problem solving

Answer 24

are more likely to use past knowledge to help them solve new problems begun to develop stratigies for solving problems

Question 25

what happens when the egocentrism slowly decreases

Answer 25

improvements in mental representation
true make believe play develops
dual represntation develops