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Stress/ psych disorders/ treatment > Prepare for exam > Flashcards

Prepare for exam Flashcards

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1
Q

Definition of stress

A

Circumstances that threaten (or are perceived to threaten well-being/ hurt coping abilities

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2
Q

What type of stress is this?
- Being in a traffic jam when you’re late for work

A

Acute

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3
Q

What type of stress is this?
- Getting in an argument with your spouse about leaving their dishes in the sink

A

Acute

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4
Q

What type of stress is this?
- Jane has worked at Staples for 6 years. She has a 9-5 job and loves her coworkers. However, her boss nags her everyday and has her work unpaid overtime even though she has to pick up her child from school

A

Chronic

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5
Q

Marcus is deciding between adoption or surrogacy. What stressor is this?

A

Conflict (deciding between two options)

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6
Q

Amy’s team finished 5th at islands, not qualifying her for provincials, and ending her season. What stressor is this?

A

Frustration

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7
Q

Anna’s parents are immigrants and expect her to become a doctor, but med school is tough and she feels like dropping out. What stressor is this?

A

Pressure

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8
Q

It’s the first Christmas without Belle’s mom and her dad says they can’t continue their tradition of going to the Christmas market. What stressor is this?

A

Change

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9
Q

What are the emotional responses to stress?

A

Annoyance, anger/ anxiety, fear/ sadness, grief

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10
Q

What are the effects of emotional arousal on stress and how is this related to task
performance?

A

Simple task are performed best when arousal levels are relatively high/ complex tasks are performed best when arousal levels are low.

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11
Q

What are some ineffective behavioural responses to stress?

A

Striking out, giving up, indulging, Defensive coping/ avoidance

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12
Q

What is resilience?

A

Ability to overcome negative effects of stress

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13
Q

What are some constructive coping strategies?

A

Confront problems directly, make realistic appraisals of stress, reduce destructive emotional reactions/ effects on body

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14
Q

What is this an example of?
- Grace regularly performs poorly on math tests even after studying, she may start to believe that preparing for tests is ineffective and won’t have any impact on her grade

A

Learned helplessness

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15
Q

What are some factors that aid resilience?

A

Social support, optimism, post-traumatic growth, downward comparisons

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16
Q

How is the story of the prisoner of war Paul Galanti related to resilience?

A

He was in the Hanoi Hilton prison (awful conditons) and always used downward comparisons like “it could be worse” to be resilient and overcome negative effects of stress

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17
Q

What complications make it difficult for some people to stop using
destructive coping skills

A

Many ineffective coping strategies actually
work exceptionally well in the short-term/ many ineffective coping strategies are
easier to implement than effective
strategies

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18
Q

Name the stages in the general adaptation syndrome

A

Alarm, resistance & exhaustion

19
Q

What are the effects of stress on the heart?

A

Anger and hostility are linked to
heart attacks/ can cause inflammation

20
Q

What health problems can stress cause?

A

Depression, rheumatoid arthritis, common colds

21
Q

What effect do emotions and emotional responses to stress have on heart disease?

A

Drug and alcohol consumption
Smoking
Poor nutrition in diet
Lack of exercise
Poor decision making

22
Q

How does social support and optimism affect stress?

A

Humour & social support introduces positive emotions to stressful situations/ Releasing pent-up emotions by journaling, painting lets go of frustration

23
Q

What are some effective ways to manage stress?

A

Diaphragmatic breathing, meditation & mindfulness, progressive muscular relaxation

24
Q

What is the medical model and how has it affected the treatment of those who suffer from mental illness

A

Thinking of abnormal behaviour as a disease/ Mentally ill can be characterized as erratic & dangerous- these stereotypes promote distancing

25
Q

What are the definitions of diagnosis, etiology, prognosis and comorbidity

A

Diagnosis: distinguishing one illness from
another
Etiology: apparent causation & developmental history of an illness
Prognosis: forecast about probable course of an illness
Comorbidity: having multiple diagnoses at the
same time

26
Q

Identify the criteria used to determine abnormal behavior.

A

Deviance, distress, dysfunction & danger

27
Q

According to the lifetime prevalence graph, which is the most prevalent psychological
disorder?

A

Substance use disorders, then anxiety, then mood disorders

28
Q

Maria has persistent feelings of sadness and despair, and lost interest in playing the piano, which she used to love.
What disorder does she have?

A

Major depressive disorder

29
Q

Josh is a father of 3 kids and loves playing golf, yet he regularly experiences feelings of sadness. On occasion, he spends fruitless amounts on lottery tickets, claiming he’s feeling extra lucky

A

Bipolar disorder- he’s going through periods of depression and mania

30
Q

What is the diagnostic tool currently used for psychological disorders?

A

DSM-5

31
Q

What is the etiology of mood disorders?

A

-Genetic predisposition mediated by environment
-Lower serotonin
-People with pessimistic explanatory style attribute challenges to personal flaws
-Rumination

32
Q

Every morning Jviva leaves the house for school with intense, persistent feelings of worry about the safety of her family which impairs her performance in school.
What disorder does she have?

A

Generalized anxiety disorder

33
Q

Aniza watched a show on poisonous snakes when she was younger and to this day gets overwhelming anxiety that anything on her path is a snake, even though none of them are poisonous where she lives.
What disorder does she have?

A

Phobic disorder

34
Q

This disorder is recurrent attacks of overwhelming
anxiety that usually occur suddenly and
unexpectedly

A

Panic disorder

35
Q

Hjanatol had a panic attack the last time she was at the grocery store and now stays home and only orders skip the dishes, this condition is called:

A

Agoraphobia: the fear of going out in public

36
Q

Howie Mandel is bald and stresses washing his hands so frequently he refuses to touch other people’s hands.
What disorder does he have?

A

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

37
Q

Jonaten’s childhood home was broken into by an intruder in the middle of the night and his father was killed; 40 years later, he hears a noise outside and has his family all hide in one room as he searches the house. What is he experiencing?

A

PTSD (re-experiencing)

38
Q

What is the etiology of anxiety disorders?

A

-High % of twins with the same disorder
-Conditioning (misinterpret harmless situation)
-Stress

39
Q

Leflishia feeds her dog everyday and takes it on walks, but when she takes it to the vet they tell her she didnt bring a pet.
What disorder does she have?

A

Schizophrenia (Hallucinations)

40
Q

What are the characteristics of someone suffering with schizophrenia?

A

Irrational thought
Loose associations
Deterioration in adaptive behavior
Distorted perception
Emotional disturbance
Emotions flat, inappropriate, or volatile

41
Q

What are the positive symptoms of schizophrenia?

A

Behavioral excesses or
peculiarities, (hallucinations, delusions, bizarre behavior), flight of ideas)

42
Q

What are the negative symptoms of schizophrenia?

A

Behavioral deficits, (flat
emotions, social withdrawal, apathy, impaired
attention, and poverty of speech)

43
Q

Whats the etiology of schizophrenia?

A

-Genetically inherited vulnerability
-Neurochemical factors (excessive dopamine activity)
-Structural abnormalities
(Enlarged ventricles)

44
Q

Mariana has been looking after her cousin with schizophrenia for 2 years now. She’s so fed up with his antics that she curses whenever he asks her for help some days and overcoddles him on others. What is she doing?

A

Expressed emotion

Stress/ psych disorders/ treatment (1 decks)

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