preparation of some imp.addition polymers

Question 1

polythene

Answer 1

LDP(low density polythene)

HDP(high density polythene)

Question 2

LDP

Answer 2

highly branched.
chemically inert
tough and flexible
poor conductor
USES:
insulation of electric wires.
squeeze bottles,toys
flexible pipe

Question 3

HDP

Answer 3

linear
chemically inert
tough and hard
USES:
manufacture of buckets,dustbins,bottles,pipes

Question 4

TEFLON

polytetrafluoroethene

Answer 4

chem.inert
resistant to attack by corrosive reagents
USES
making oil seals and gaskets
non-stick utensils

Question 5

PAN

polyacrylonitrile

Answer 5

sub. for wool in making orlon or acrilan

Question 6

polyamides

Answer 6

nylons

Question 7

Nylon 6,6

Answer 7

condensation polymerisation of hexamethylenediamine w/ adipic acid
USES:
making sheets,bristles for brushes and in the textile industry

Question 8

Nylon 6

Answer 8

heating caprolactum w/ water
USES:
Manufacture of tyre cords,fabrics and ropes

Question 9

POLYESTER- dacron/terylene

Answer 9

heating a mixture of ethylene glycol + terephthalic acid
USES:
crease resistant - blend w/ cotton and wool fibres
glass reinforcing material in safety helmets

Question 10

phenol-formaldehyde polymer

bakelite

Answer 10

phenol+formaldehyde =novolac (used in paints)
+
formaldehyde = bakelite
USES
making combs,phonograph records,electrical switches,handles of various utensils.

Question 11

Melamine-formaldehyde polymer

Answer 11

unbreakable crockery

Question 12

COPOLYMERISATION

Answer 12

polymerisation reaction in which more than one monomeric species is allowed to polymerise and form a copolymer.
eg.Buna-S,Buna-N

Question 13

butadiene-styrene(Buna-S)

Answer 13

sub.for rubber
tough
USES:
Manufacture of tyres,floortiles ,footwear components,cable insul.

Question 14

rubber

Answer 14

elastomer
prod. from rubber latex(colloid disp. of rubber in water)
linear polymer of isoprene(2-methyl-1,3-butadiene)
called cis-1,4 polyisoprene

Question 15

vulcanisation of rubber

Answer 15

heating w/sulphur

rubber gets stiffened

Question 16

Neoprene

Answer 16

polymerisation of chloroprene
superior resistane to veg.oils and mineral oils
use:
manufacture of conveyor belts,gaskets,hoses

Question 17

Buna-N

Answer 17

1,3-butadiene and acrylonitrile
resistant to action of petrol,lub oil and organic solvents.
uses:
making oil seals,tank lining,etc

Question 18

Biodegradable polymers

Answer 18

Aliphatic Polyesters

Question 19

PHBV

Answer 19

poly beta-hydroxybutyrate-co-beta-hydroxy valerate
3-hydroxybutanoic acid and 3-hydroxypentanoic acid
undergoes bacterial degrad
uses:
speciality packaging
orthopaedic devices
controlled release of drugs

Question 20

Nylon 2-nylon 6

Answer 20

alt.polyamide
copolymer of glycine and amino caproic acid
biodegradable