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Prosthodontics > Preparation for Master Impressions > Flashcards

Preparation for Master Impressions Flashcards

1
Q

What are the four phases of any treatment plan

A

Immediate treatment
Initial (hygiene or preparatory) phase
Reconstructive (corrective) phase
Maintenance

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2
Q

What are the clinical stages of RPD construction (9)

A 
Primary impressions
Primary jaw registration (if required)
Mounted, surveyed study casts
Design denture
Tooth preparation and definitive impressions
Jaw registration
Trial
Delivery
Review
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3
Q

What are the aspects of mouth preparation for master impressions (6)

A 
Initial prosthetic treatment
Pre-prosthetic treatment
Periodontal treatment
Orthodontic treatment
Fixed prosthodontics treatment and endodontics
Tooth preparation
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4
Q

Give examples of initial prosthetic treatment

A

Repairs and additions
Temporary relines
Occlusal adjustment
Treatment of denture stomatitis

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5
Q

How long do materials used for temporary relines last

A

2-4 weeks

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6
Q

When should inflammation caused by denture stomatitis be treated

A

Before impressions are taken

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7
Q

What advice should be given to patients with denture stomatitis

A

How to keep their denture clean
Remove it at night
Gently brush the roof of their mouth to get rid of any candidal hyphae
Sometimes antifungal medication is necessary

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8
Q

Give examples of pre-prosthetic surgery

A

Remove retained roots or unerupted teeth
Remove pathology - cysts
Improve contours of edentulous areas by reducing bony prominences and hyper plastic soft tissue
Eliminate prominent fraenal attachments - may interfere with flanges

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9
Q

Give examples of periodontal treatment prior to taking master impressions

A 
Establish periodontal health
Assess patient motivation
Give detailed instruction in oral hygiene procedures
Scaling and root planing
Periodontal surgery
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10
Q

What is the purpose of orthodontic treatment prior to taking master impressions

A

To optimise space

To optimise abutment alignment

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11
Q

What patients are most likely to need orthodontic treatment

A

Cleft patients
Hypodontia patients
Periodontal patients who have lost teeth

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12
Q

When should fixed prosthodontic treatment occur

A

Should follow denture design and precede denture construction

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13
Q

What is the purpose of fixed prosthodontic treatment

A

Establishes clinical integrity of teeth before master impressions are recorded
So that you can request rests, guide planes and buccal shells for clasp retention etc

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14
Q

When is tooth preparation carried out

A

Before master impressions

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15
Q

Why is tooth preparation necessary

A

To provide rest seats
To establish guide surfaces
To modify unfavourable survey lines
To create retentive areas

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16
Q

What instruments should be used for tooth preparation

A

Slow speed instruments
Initially rotary diamond being careful not to take too much away
Can use different rubber wheels or impregnated stones to help smooth and polish any preparation

17
Q

Why are rest seats necessary

A

To divert the forces down the long axis of the tooth
Produce favourable tooth surface for support
Prevent interference with occlusion
Reduce prominence of the rest

18
Q

Describe a maxillary anterior rest seat and how they are made

A

Well-developed cingulum allows prep to stay within enamel

Use a cylindrical diamond stone with a rounded tip

19
Q

Describe a mandibular anterior rest seat

A

Lingual surface too vertical and cingulum too poorly developed to avoid penetrating enamel
Incisal rest seats used instead

20
Q

When is it possible to use an incisal rest seat on mandibular anterior teeth, that is good aesthetically

A

If teeth have worn down, you can use an incisal rest on the worn tip which isn’t visible from the labial aspect

21
Q

What are alternatives from using an incisal rest on mandibular anterior teeth

A

Produce a rest seat in composite applied to the cingulum area
Bond a cast metal cingulum to the tooth - not likely nowadays

22
Q

Describe a rest seat on a posterior tooth

A

Reduced marginal ridge
Saucer-shaped to allow horizontal movement and dissipation of occlusal forces
Deep enough to allow a rest of at least 1mm thick

23
Q

How is a posterior rest seat prepared if there is no space occlusally for a clasp to extend buccal from the occlusal rest

A

The preparation must be extended as a channel onto the buccal surface

24
Q

What are guide planes

A

Two or more parallel axial surfaces on abutment teeth which limit the path of insertion of a denture
They may occur naturally but more often need to be prepared

25
Q

What is an axial surface

A

Surfaces parallel to the long axis of a tooth

26
Q

What do guide planes provide

A

Increased stability
Reciprocation
Prevention of clasp deformation
Improved appearance

27
Q

How should a guide plane be prepared

A

Guide surface should extend vertically 3mm but be kept as far from the gingival margin as possible
Not more than 0.5mm of enamel should be removed

28
Q

What is the outcome of an unfavourable survey line

A

Clasp would be positioned too close to occlusal surface which would cause deformation of the clasp

29
Q

How can an unfavourable survey line be fixed

A

Can add composite in a curve following the natural anatomy of the tooth to lower the survey line

30
Q

Describe the clinical part of the master impression stage

A

Obtain an accurate impression of the denture-bearing area using an individual tray for the patient and an appropriate impression material

31
Q

Describe the laboratory part of the master impression stage

A 
Produce casts
Produce casting (if cobalt chrome base)
Produce record blocks
Produce trial denture
Produce finished denture
32
Q

What are individual trays made of

A

Made from primary casts from heat cured or light cured acrylic

33
Q

What should be done to the individual trays before taking the impression

A

Disinfect them, then place them in cold water and make sure they are rinsed and there isn’t any disinfectant left

34
Q

What is the purpose of green stick

A

Will help to support the impression material to flow and give a nice sulcus form lingually
In upper it will compress the junction between the hard and soft palate and give a posterior seal

35
Q

Describe green stick

A

Thermoplastic material
Part of the stick is cold and hard but part is heated in a Bunsen burner so the material starts to flow and it can be added to the flanges of the trays

36
Q

What are common impression materials used in master impressions

A

Alginate
Polyvinylsiloxane eg - extrude
Polyether eg - Pentamix

Prosthodontics (4 decks)

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