Prenatal Care

Question 1

Chadwick’s sign

Answer 1

vaginal mucosa takes on bluish discoloration during pregnancy

Question 2

Hegar’s sign

Answer 2

softening of lower uterus that is a sign of pregnancy

Question 3

nulligravida vs nullipara

Answer 3

nulligravida = never been pregnant

nullipara = never gave birth

Question 4

what constitutes first, second, and third trimester of pregnancy?

Answer 4

first: through 14 weeks
second: through 28 weeks
third: through 42 weeks

Question 5

what facial abnormalities are associated with fetal alcohol syndrome?

Answer 5

low nasal bridge/ short nose, epicanthal folds (at inner eye) + short palpebral fissures (under eye), flat midface, smooth philtrum (skin above lip) + thin upper lip

Question 6

when are fetuses most susceptible to teratogens?

Answer 6

weeks 3-8, during organogenesis

Question 7

what fetal effects does maternal use of aminoglycosides have?

Answer 7

absent digits, ear/facial anomalies

Question 8

what fetal effects does maternal use of DES have?

Answer 8

vaginal clear cell adenocarcinoma, congenital Mullerian anomalies

Question 9

what fetal effects does maternal use of lithium have?

Answer 9

Ebstein anomaly: tricuspid valve is too low, “atrialization” of right ventricle

Question 10

what fetal effects does maternal use of tetracyclines have?

Answer 10

discolored teeth

Question 11

what fetal effects does maternal use of warfarin have?

Answer 11

bone deformities, nasal and midface hypoplasia, hydrocephalus in late exposure

Question 12

what fetal effects does maternal use of thiazide diuretics have?

Answer 12

thrombocytopenia, electrolyte abnormalities

Question 13

what fetal effects does maternal use of excess vitamin A have?

Answer 13

spontaneous abortions, cleft palate, cardiac abnormalities