Prenatal 1 for Day 1 Flashcards
At 0-28 weeks gestation, when should the next prenatal visit be?
in 4 weeks
At 28-36 weeks gestation, when should the next prenatal visit be?
in 2-3 weeks
At 36-42 weeks gestation, when should the next prenatal visit be?
in 1 week
At 42+ weeks gestation, when should the next prenatal visit be?
in 2-3 days
What is the first trimester?
0 weeks to 13 weeks and 6 days
What is the second trimester?
14 weeks to 27 weeks and 6 days
What is the third trimester?
28 weeks to birth
Define an embryo (weeks)
fertilization to 8 weeks
Define a fetus (weeks)
9 weeks to birth
When is a fetus viable?
at 24 weeks
What is considered preterm?
20 to 36 weeks
What is considered term?
37 to 42 weeks
What is normal weight gain for a pre-pregnancy BMI of < 18.5?
30-40 pounds
What is normal weight gain for a pre-pregnancy BMI of 18.5-24.9 (normal)?
25-35 pounds
What is normal weight gain for a pre-pregnancy BMI of > 25 (overweight)?
15-25 pounds
What BMI range is considered overweight?
25 - 29.9
What BMI range is considered obese?
> 30
What BMI range is Class 1 obesity?
30 - 34.9
What BMI range is Class 2 obesity?
35 - 39.9
What BMI range is Class 3 obesity (AKA Morbid obesity)?
> 40
What is gravidity?
number of pregnancies
What is parity?
of pregnancies reaching 20 weeks
What is the breakdown of parity?
TPAL (term, preterm, abortions/ miscarriages, living children)
What is TPAL?
term, preterm, abortions/ miscarriages, living children
Define the LMP (last menstrual period)?
first day of the last menstrual period
What is Naegele’s rule for the EDD (estimated delivery date)?
LMP - 3 months + 7 days
assumes a 28 day cycle, with day 14 fertilization
When is quickening (first fetal movement) felt?
18 weeks, for the first pregnancy
17 weeks, for subsequent pregnancies
What is normal fetal weight at 20 weeks?
300 grams
What is normal fetal weight at 20-28 weeks?
300 grams + 100 grams per week after 20
e.g. 500 grams at 22 weeks
What is normal fetal weight after 28 weeks?
300 grams
+ 100 per week from 20-28
+ 200 per week after 28 weeks
(e.g. 1300 grams at 30 weeks)
Define large for gestational age.
> the 90th percentile in weight
Define macrosomia.
an estimated fetal weight (EFW) of at least 4500 grams
What is the most common cause of macrosomia?
incorrect dating of EDD
What obstetric emergency can macrosomia cause?
Shoulder Dystocia (difficult delivery of shoulders after the head is delivered)
Define Preeclampsia
Previously normotensive, now HTN after 20 weeks AND proteinuria or end-organ dysfunction
What are the MC symptoms of preeclampsia?
headache, visual disturbances, RUQ pain
What labs should be ordered for suspected preeclampsia?
CBC, SMA, LFTs, LDH, urine creatinine clearance, uric acid, urine protein
What subunits make up the MC adult hemoglobin?
2 alpha, 2 beta (HbA)
What subunits make up fetal hemoglobin?
2 alpha, 2 gamma (HbF)
Define elderly primigravida.
first pregnancy at > 34 years old.
What vaccines are unsafe in pregnancy?
Live vaccines
e.g. oral polio, oral typhoid, MMR, Varicella, BCG. intranasal influenze (FluMist)
When should an ultrasound for fetal anatomy be ordered?
18-20 weeks gestation.
What labs should be ordered for the initial prenatal visit?
Hct, Hgb, Type & Screen, Blood Type, Hgb electrophoresis
Pap, GC/CT
Urine culture, UA, Urine drug screen
Screen: Rubella, Syphilis, HBV, HIV, TB, Cystic fibrosis
When does the uterus leave the pelvis?
after 12 weeks
When is the Quad screen performed?
16 weeks
What is the Quad screen?
maternal serum alpha-feto protein, unconjugated Estriol, hCG, Inhibin A.
It detects risk of Down (trisomy 21), Edwards (trisomy 18) or Neural Tube Defects
