Prenantal Flashcards by Nick Wrobel

What does gravida mean

number of pregnancies including current

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What does Para mean

number of births over 20wks even if the baby is stillborn

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What does term delivery mean
What does preterm mean
What are abortions
What is considering living

> 37wks
20 but <36.6 wks
<20wks
still alive

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Does labor typically speed up or slow down with high G and P’s

speeds up

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What is considered a geriatric pregnancy

after 35

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Most malformations occur when

3-8wks

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When do most CNS or genitalia usu happen

> 8 wks

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What are some presumptive signs of pregnancy

tiredness

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What are some probable signs of pregnancy

feelibg nof movement in body

amenorhea

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What are some diagnostic tests for pregnancy

ultrasound
heartsounds
provider feels movement

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How long do pregs last

Lasts 40 weeks or 280 days

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What is the 1st trimester

conception to 12wks

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Wha tis 2nd trimester

13 to 27 wks

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What is 3rd trimester

28-40 wks

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How many visits will a patient likely have durign the course of the pregnancy

12-16 visits

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What can we do if a preg pat doesnt have much food access

we can offer snap/wic

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What is nagele’s rule

subtract 3mo from the first day of her last menstraul period, add 7 days and then adjust for the year

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What are the timelines for prenatal care for meetings

Monthly until 28 wks
Bi weekly from 28 to 36 wks
Weekly 36 wks to delivery

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When does fetal movement start (quickening)

18-22 wks

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Ultrasounds are accurate for due date determination between

12-16wks of pregnancy

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Visit with mother should be how ling

1-1.5 hrs

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What do we need to get on the first visit prenatal

health hx
med hx 
OB hx
Surg hx
Physical exma

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What are the thigns in the physical exam for the first visit

pelvic exam
labs
ultrasound

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What kinds of labs are we going to get on the first prenatal exam

CBC
CMP
Type/screen
HIV
TB
Rubella
Vaginal cultures and VDRL (vanerial disease screen) 
Varicella screen 
CF

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When do we typically do a genetic screen

8-20 wks

When do we do a quadruple screen

15-20 wks

How much does the resp increase in the third trimester

10 bpm bec on fetus size

When do you never take a blood pressure

when they are in a contraction

When taking a BP where shoudl you doing it

at the level of the heart

What is normal BP

135/85 or less

How much does the HCT and Hgb decrease

33.8-39% | 10-11mg

How much does WBC increase

1500-5000

What is normal RBC count

3.8 to 4.4

When do you give Rhogam in pregnancy

28wks

When do we get a group B culture

28-35wks

When do we get a glucose screen

24-28wks

When do we do a multiple marker (quad screen) screen and wahts in it

``` 15-20 wks Alpha feto protein HCG Unconjugated estriol Inhibin A ```

What are some signs of pregnancy comps

``` vag bleeding excess fluid escaping the vag excessive edema continuous pounding HA convulsions visual disturbances persistent or severe AbP chills or fever painful urinationi changes in freq or strength of fetal movement persistent vomiting signs of preterm labor ```

What are the signs of preterm labor

contractions cramps constant low back pain pelvic pressure

Normal fluid amount in fetus

500-800 ml

What are some comps of amniotic fluid

oligohyramnios | hydramnios

What does oligohydramnios indicate

renal abnormalities? Aging placenta

What damamge are we concerned with fall s

damage to the fetal membrane

What does hydramnios (polyhydramnios) indicate

GI and other malformations

Are the arteries and veins normal in the cord

no their opposite

What type of immunity does the mother dive the babay

passive

What might you see inthe placenta of a smoker mother

a calcified placenta

When does the placenta start to break down

after 40 wks

How is the placenta perfused

by the mothers BP

What is preeclampsia in pregnancy associated with

improper implanted placenta

When does progestorene and estrogen start to increase

when the placenta is implanted

When will a HcG test work

8 days after conception

What does estrogen do

Increased uterine muscle mass | Increased vascularity

What are pats at higher risk for as the pregnancy progresses and why

falls because of relaxin

What does progesteroen do

Maintains pregnancy Smooth muscle relaxant Breast develop for lactation

Whats the main job of progest and estro

maintain preg after implantatioin

What is HCGs main funct

maintain preg before implantation

What does relaxin do

Inhibits contractions Remodels collagen Relaxes joints

How can we reduce straie

hydration | lotion

What should we say about facial mask of pregnancy

it will go away

When does urinary changes happen

1st and 3rd trimester

What are some nursing actions for urinary changes

Restrict evening fluids Restrict coffee, tea, natural diuretics Teach Kegel exercises

When do resp changes happen mostly

third trimester

If the pat is out of breathe third trimester

rest explain its normal assess vitals

Do we use nasal meds for nasal stuffness

What is leukoffhea

Pregnancy Discharge

What are nursing interventions for leukorrhea

Cotton underwear Pad to absorb (not tampon) Report odor or color, bleeding or leaking of amniotic fluid

Is a little edema in pats normal

yes

What are some nursing interventions for dependent edema and variscosities

rest q2h with feet up wear support stockings Sit and lie with legs elevated Walk frequently to stimulate circulation

If the pat does all the nursing intervntions for edema and its not improving what should you suspect

HTN

How much does blood volume increase

30%

What is vena cava syn and when does it happen

towards late preg the fetus can squeeze off the vena cava

How to reduce vena cava syn

lay on your side

What changes happen to breast

aeriolas become darker

What are some recommendations for breast changes

use sports bra | dont use lotions or soap on the nipple

What are some interventions for GI probs

drink milk small freq meals CAM – ginger safe in 1st trimester Avoid empty or overfull stomach

What is PICA

cravigngs for non-foods

what are common cravings for PICA

dirt, clay, laundry starch

What might be the cause of PICA

Nutritional deficiency Culture Mental health

Interventions for constapation

8-10 glasses water Increase dietary roughage Moderate exercise No stool softners, laxatives, enemas w/o checking with care giver first

What is Ptyalism

increased mucus secretion

What are interventions for ptylism

Astringent mouthwash Chew gum Eat hard candy as comfort measures

What is a common neuor mus prob

carpal tunnel

When does carpal tunnel typically disappeear

3 mo

What are intervention for low back pain

stretch massage rest q2h baths