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Obstetrics > Prenantal > Flashcards

Prenantal Flashcards

1
Q

What does gravida mean

A

number of pregnancies including current

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2
Q

What does Para mean

A

number of births over 20wks even if the baby is stillborn

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3
Q

What does term delivery mean
What does preterm mean
What are abortions
What is considering living

A

> 37wks
20 but <36.6 wks
<20wks
still alive

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4
Q

Does labor typically speed up or slow down with high G and Pā€™s

A

speeds up

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5
Q

What is considered a geriatric pregnancy

A

after 35

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6
Q

Most malformations occur when

A

3-8wks

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7
Q

When do most CNS or genitalia usu happen

A

> 8 wks

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8
Q

What are some presumptive signs of pregnancy

A

tiredness

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9
Q

What are some probable signs of pregnancy

A

feelibg nof movement in body

amenorhea

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10
Q

What are some diagnostic tests for pregnancy

A

ultrasound
heartsounds
provider feels movement

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11
Q

How long do pregs last

A

Lasts 40 weeks or 280 days

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12
Q

What is the 1st trimester

A

conception to 12wks

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13
Q

Wha tis 2nd trimester

A

13 to 27 wks

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14
Q

What is 3rd trimester

A

28-40 wks

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15
Q

How many visits will a patient likely have durign the course of the pregnancy

A

12-16 visits

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16
Q

What can we do if a preg pat doesnt have much food access

A

we can offer snap/wic

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17
Q

What is nageleā€™s rule

A

subtract 3mo from the first day of her last menstraul period, add 7 days and then adjust for the year

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18
Q

What are the timelines for prenatal care for meetings

A

Monthly until 28 wks
Bi weekly from 28 to 36 wks
Weekly 36 wks to delivery

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19
Q

When does fetal movement start (quickening)

A

18-22 wks

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20
Q

Ultrasounds are accurate for due date determination between

A

12-16wks of pregnancy

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21
Q

Visit with mother should be how ling

A

1-1.5 hrs

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22
Q

What do we need to get on the first visit prenatal

A 
health hx
med hx 
OB hx
Surg hx
Physical exma
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23
Q

What are the thigns in the physical exam for the first visit

A

pelvic exam
labs
ultrasound

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24
Q

What kinds of labs are we going to get on the first prenatal exam

A 
CBC
CMP
Type/screen
HIV
TB
Rubella
Vaginal cultures and VDRL (vanerial disease screen) 
Varicella screen 
CF
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25
Q

When do we typically do a genetic screen

A

8-20 wks

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26
Q

When do we do a quadruple screen

A

15-20 wks

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27
Q

How much does the resp increase in the third trimester

A

10 bpm bec on fetus size

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28
Q

When do you never take a blood pressure

A

when they are in a contraction

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29
Q

When taking a BP where shoudl you doing it

A

at the level of the heart

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30
Q

What is normal BP

A

135/85 or less

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31
Q

How much does the HCT and Hgb decrease

A

33.8-39%

10-11mg

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32
Q

How much does WBC increase

A

1500-5000

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33
Q

What is normal RBC count

A

3.8 to 4.4

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34
Q

When do you give Rhogam in pregnancy

A

28wks

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35
Q

When do we get a group B culture

A

28-35wks

36
Q

When do we get a glucose screen

A

24-28wks

37
Q

When do we do a multiple marker (quad screen) screen and wahts in it

A 
15-20 wks 
Alpha feto protein 
HCG
Unconjugated estriol
Inhibin A
38
Q

What are some signs of pregnancy comps

A 
vag bleeding 
excess fluid escaping the vag
excessive edema 
continuous pounding HA
convulsions
visual disturbances 
persistent or severe AbP
chills or fever
painful urinationi 
changes in freq or strength of fetal movement 
persistent vomiting 
signs of preterm labor
39
Q

What are the signs of preterm labor

A

contractions
cramps
constant low back pain
pelvic pressure

40
Q

Normal fluid amount in fetus

A

500-800 ml

41
Q

What are some comps of amniotic fluid

A

oligohyramnios

hydramnios

42
Q

What does oligohydramnios indicate

A

renal abnormalities? Aging placenta

43
Q

What damamge are we concerned with fall s

A

damage to the fetal membrane

44
Q

What does hydramnios (polyhydramnios) indicate

A

GI and other malformations

45
Q

Are the arteries and veins normal in the cord

A

no their opposite

46
Q

What type of immunity does the mother dive the babay

A

passive

47
Q

What might you see inthe placenta of a smoker mother

A

a calcified placenta

48
Q

When does the placenta start to break down

A

after 40 wks

49
Q

How is the placenta perfused

A

by the mothers BP

50
Q

What is preeclampsia in pregnancy associated with

A

improper implanted placenta

51
Q

When does progestorene and estrogen start to increase

A

when the placenta is implanted

52
Q

When will a HcG test work

A

8 days after conception

53
Q

What does estrogen do

A

Increased uterine muscle mass

Increased vascularity

54
Q

What are pats at higher risk for as the pregnancy progresses and why

A

falls because of relaxin

55
Q

What does progesteroen do

A

Maintains pregnancy
Smooth muscle relaxant
Breast develop for lactation

56
Q

Whats the main job of progest and estro

A

maintain preg after implantatioin

57
Q

What is HCGs main funct

A

maintain preg before implantation

58
Q

What does relaxin do

A

Inhibits contractions
Remodels collagen
Relaxes joints

59
Q

How can we reduce straie

A

hydration

lotion

60
Q

What should we say about facial mask of pregnancy

A

it will go away

61
Q

When does urinary changes happen

A

1st and 3rd trimester

62
Q

What are some nursing actions for urinary changes

A

Restrict evening fluids
Restrict coffee, tea, natural diuretics
Teach Kegel exercises

63
Q

When do resp changes happen mostly

A

third trimester

64
Q

If the pat is out of breathe third trimester

A

rest
explain its normal
assess vitals

65
Q

Do we use nasal meds for nasal stuffness

A

no

66
Q

What is leukoffhea

A

Pregnancy Discharge

67
Q

What are nursing interventions for leukorrhea

A

Cotton underwear
Pad to absorb (not tampon)
Report odor or color, bleeding or leaking of amniotic fluid

68
Q

Is a little edema in pats normal

A

yes

69
Q

What are some nursing interventions for dependent edema and variscosities

A

rest q2h with feet up
wear support stockings
Sit and lie with legs elevated
Walk frequently to stimulate circulation

70
Q

If the pat does all the nursing intervntions for edema and its not improving what should you suspect

A

HTN

71
Q

How much does blood volume increase

A

30%

72
Q

What is vena cava syn and when does it happen

A

towards late preg the fetus can squeeze off the vena cava

73
Q

How to reduce vena cava syn

A

lay on your side

74
Q

What changes happen to breast

A

aeriolas become darker

75
Q

What are some recommendations for breast changes

A

use sports bra

dont use lotions or soap on the nipple

76
Q

What are some interventions for GI probs

A

drink milk
small freq meals
CAM ā€“ ginger safe in 1st trimester
Avoid empty or overfull stomach

77
Q

What is PICA

A

cravigngs for non-foods

78
Q

what are common cravings for PICA

A

dirt, clay, laundry starch

79
Q

What might be the cause of PICA

A

Nutritional deficiency
Culture
Mental health

80
Q

Interventions for constapation

A

8-10 glasses water
Increase dietary roughage
Moderate exercise
No stool softners, laxatives, enemas w/o checking with care giver first

81
Q

What is Ptyalism

A

increased mucus secretion

82
Q

What are interventions for ptylism

A

Astringent mouthwash
Chew gum
Eat hard candy as comfort measures

83
Q

What is a common neuor mus prob

A

carpal tunnel

84
Q

When does carpal tunnel typically disappeear

A

3 mo

85
Q

What are intervention for low back pain

A

stretch
massage
rest q2h
baths

Obstetrics (7 decks)

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