PRELIMS: Reviewer Flashcards
🃏 Q: What are the three stages of adhesive capsulitis?
Painful (Freezing Stage) – High pain, some stiffness (3-9 months).
Stiffness (Frozen Stage) – Limited ROM, less pain (9-15 months).
Thawing Stage – Gradual ROM return (15-24 months).
🃏 Q: When are corticosteroid injections recommended?
🂠 A: In the early stages for pain relief.
Q: What are common risk factors for pelvic girdle pain (PGP)?
A: History of LBP/PGP, multiparity, C-section, depressive symptoms, BMI, work-related factors, breastfeeding posture.
🃏 Q: What treatments are used for high irritability in frozen shoulder?
🂠 A: Pain relief strategies (heat, cold, short-duration stretching).
🃏 Q: What is the recommended treatment for moderate irritability?
🂠 A: Manual therapy (Grade II-III) and longer stretching.
🃏 Q: What treatments are used for low irritability in frozen shoulder?
🂠 A: Aggressive stretching, strengthening, and end-range mobilization.
Q: What are key provocation tests for PGP assessment?
FABER Test – SI joint dysfunction
Posterior Pelvic Pain Provocation (P4) Test – SI joint pain
Active Straight Leg Raise (ASLR) Test – Pelvic stability dysfunction
Q: What are the main risk factors for low back pain (LBP)?
A: Age, obesity, sedentary lifestyle, previous LBP episodes, psychological factors (depression, fear-avoidance behaviors).
Q: How is scoliosis classified based on Cobb angle?
<10° → Not scoliosis (monitor for progression)
10-25° → Conservative management (exercise, observation)
25-45° → Bracing
>45° → Consider surgery
Q: What are the recommended treatment strategies for PGP?
Core strengthening (TA, multifidus, pelvic floor)
SI joint mobilizations
Patient education on gradual activity resumption
Use of a pelvic belt for movement support
Q: What is the purpose of physiotherapy scoliosis-specific exercises (PSSE)?
A: To reduce progression risk, improve posture, and enhance function.
- Pain neuroscience education is crucial in managing chronic LBP because it helps:
a) Reduce fear-avoidance behaviors
b) Eliminate the need for exercise therapy
c) Replace manual therapy techniques
d) Increase reliance on pain medication
a) Reduce fear-avoidance behaviors ✅
Q: What are some physiotherapy approaches for scoliosis?
Schroth Method – 3D self-correction & breathing mechanics
SEAS (Italy) – Active self-correction exercises
Barcelona Scoliosis Physical Therapy School (BSPTS, Spain) – Functional movements
Lyon Method (France) – Kyphotic correction & bracing integration
Q: What are key differential diagnoses for adhesive capsulitis?
A: Rotator cuff tears, cervical radiculopathy, glenohumeral osteoarthritis.
- Spinal manipulation is contraindicated for all cases of mechanical low back pain (LBP).
a) True
b) False
b) False
Q: What is the recommended treatment for adhesive capsulitis?
Early stage: Pain control (corticosteroid injections, gentle PROM)
Middle stage: Progressive mobilization & isometric strengthening
Final stage: Aggressive stretching & joint mobilization
- Which of the following conditions increases the risk and severity of adhesive capsulitis?
a) Hypertension
b) Diabetes mellitus
c) Hyperthyroidism
d) Osteoporosis
b) Diabetes mellitus
- Passive modalities like ultrasound and TENS are highly effective for chronic LBP management.
a) True
b) False
b) False
- Which of the following is a common feature of adhesive capsulitis, especially in the freezing stage?
a) Numbness and tingling in the arm
b) Night pain
c) Sudden joint dislocation
d) Painless restriction of motion
b) Night pain ✅
- The Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) primarily measures:
a) Pain intensity
b) Functional disability
c) Quality of life
d) Psychological distress
b) Functional disability ✅
- Pain that worsens with lumbar flexion suggests ______, while pain that worsens with lumbar extension suggests ______.
a) Facet joint dysfunction; discogenic pain
b) Discogenic pain; facet joint dysfunction
c) Spinal stenosis; muscle strain
d) SI joint dysfunction; radiculopathy
b) Discogenic pain; facet joint dysfunction ✅
- Imaging findings always correlate with pain severity in low back pain (LBP).
a) True
b) False
b) False
