Prelims Reviewer Flashcards
These are the basic run-time entities in an object-oriented system; may represent a person, place, bank account, or user-defined data
Objects
This is a type of programming which uses objects and classes
OOP
True or false: Objects can interact without having to know details of each other data or code
True
This represents a set of related objects; defines what attributes an object has; blueprint for an object
Classes
True or False: Classes are user-defined data types that behave like built-in types of a programming language
True
These are declarations that are accessible from outside the class to anyone who can access an object of this class
public
these are declarations that are accessible within the class they are declared in, and also in subclasses (derived classes)
Protected
These are declarations that are accessible only from within the class itself
Private
this is the concept of hiding data and showing only relevant data to the final user
Data Abstraction
this is the concept of wrapping together of data and information in a single unit; binding together the data and related function that can manipulate the data
data encapsulation
this is the class’s capacity to inherit or derive attributes or characteristics from other classes, allowing for reusability
inheritance
what types of inheritance does c++ support
single
multiple
multi-level
hierarchical
hybrid
this is the ability to take more than one form; an operation may exhibit different behavior in different instances
polymorphism
in c++, polymorphism is achieved in two ways
operator overloading and function overloading
this refers to the process of converting identifiers (variable and performance names) into addresses
dynamic bindings
objects communicate with one another by sending and receiving information to each other; involves specifying the name of the object, the name of the function and the information to be sent
message passing
True or False: Languages that support programming with objects are said to be object-based programming languages
True
What languages support object-oriented programming
C++
.NET
Java
PHP
C#
Python
Ruby
Procedural or OOP:
Programming language that is derived from structure programming and based upon the concept of calling procedures
Procedural
Procedural or OOP:
Computer programming design that organizes/models software design around data or objects rather than functions and logic
Object-Oriented Programming
Procedural or OOP:
Follows a top-down approach
Procedural
Procedural or OOP:
Follows a bottom-up approach
OOP
Procedural or OOP:
Gives importance to functions over data
Procedural
Procedural or OOP:
Gives importance to data over functions
OOP
Procedural or OOP:
There is a possibility of data hiding
OOP
Procedural or OOP:
Program is divided into small programs that are referred to as functions
Procedural
Procedural or OOP:
A program is divided into small parts that are referred to as objects
OOP
What languages are used in procedural programming?
C, COBOL, FORTRAN
this provides the IT infrastructure, creating Object-Oriented Client-Server Internet (OCSI) applications
Client-Server Systems
A system that gives output at a given instant and its parameters change at every time; similar to dynamic system
Real-Time System
Also called Object Database Management Systems; store objects instead of data such as real numbers and integers
Object-Oriented Databases
These are data that define the traits of an object, such as simple integers and real numbers
Attributes
Define the behavior and are also called functions or procedures
Methods
Computer applications that are developed to solve complex problems pertaining to a specific domain, far beyond the reach of a human brain
AI and expert systems
What are the characteristics of AI
Reliable
Highly responsive
Understandable
High-performance
Addresses the problem of prediction and approximation of complex time-varying systems
Neural networks and parallel programming
This is defined outside the class using the ::(double colon symbol)
Class member function
True or False: Software is not manufactured. It is evolved or developed after passing through various developmental phases, including study, analysis, design, implementation, and maintenance
True
