Prelims Flashcards
The willingness to accept an idea as valid or truth because it has been accepted as such for so long or because it has been heard so often
Tradition or Tenacity
A widely accepted statement that is so obviously true it does not need or deserve further discussion.
Tradition or Accepted Truisms
A belief that is not supported by an evidence. “feeling”
Intuition
I believe it is true from a respectable source. from an expert
Authority
Way of knowing that is convincing to you but may not be for others, subjective.
Personal Experience
I believe it is true because it is logically-derived.
Reasoning
A way of acquiring knowledge through the continual interaction of empiricism and reasoning.
Science
The basis of theory-building.
Science
The ability and willingness to assess
Critical Thinking
it provides us with valuable information that helps to improve human lives. By
learning more about the brain, cognition, behavior, and mental health conditions, researchers are able to solve real-world
problems that affect our day-to-day lives.
The importance of research
the systematic effort to discover or confirm facts, to investigate a new problem or topic, or to describe events and understand relationships among variables, most often by scientific methods of observation and experimentation.
Research
What are characteristics of a good problem?
Novel, Significant, Feasible, Clear and Specific, Considerable potential for new research trajectories
a branch of psychology that uses controlled
experiments to explore the principles underlying human and animal behavior.
Experimental Psychology
What is the scientific method?
Observation, Hypothesis, Experimentation, Conclusion
holds that behavior has specific causes
that can be investigated and understood.
Determinism
distinguishes scientific research from
opinion or speculation because it is grounded in observable evidence.
Empirical Data
What are the objectives of Psychological Science?
Describe, Predict, Explain, Control
a detailed and systematic ______ of behavior.
Description
It goes beyond description and prediction, aiming to identify causal relationships.
Explanation
psychology seeks to apply knowledge to influence behavior
Control
Once behaviors are described, researchers aim to _______ them by identifying relationships between variables.
Predict
ensuring that participants
are fully aware of the study’s
purpose, procedures, and any risks
involved. Participation must be
voluntary.
Informed Consent
It outlines ethical
principles to ensure participant
safety. These include protecting
confidentiality, minimizing harm,
and providing debriefing after the
study.
APA Guidelines
Participants have the right to
withdraw from a study at any
time without penalty, which
protects them from coercion.
VOLUNTARY
PARTICIPATION AND
RIGHT TO WITHDRAW
may be used when revealing the true purpose of the study would affect
participants’ behavior. However, it must be justified, and participants must be debriefed afterward.
Deception
ensuring that personal data is not disclosed
without the participant’s permission.
Confidentiality
Researchers must avoid ________ by giving proper credit for others’ ideas and work.
Proper citation practices maintain the integrity of scientific research.
Plagiarism
