prelims Flashcards
Describe the Rizal Law and its purpose.
The Rizal Law, also known as RA 1425, mandates the study of Rizal’s life and works to foster a sense of nationalism among Filipinos, especially the youth.
How did the Rizal Law come into effect?
The Rizal Law was signed by President Ramon Magsaysay on June 12, 1956, and became effective thirty days after its implementation.
Define the role of Senator Claro M. Recto in the Rizal Law.
Senator Claro M. Recto authored the Rizal bill, which aimed to promote nationalism and the study of Rizal’s works.
What was the focus of the Rizal course taught in colleges?
The Rizal course in colleges generally focuses on Rizal’s biography and various interpretations of the Rizal Law.
How did the Rizal Law aim to address the issue of Filipino identity?
The Rizal Law aimed to increase nationalism among Filipinos during a time when their identity was dwindling.
Describe the significance of the Presidential Memorandum Order 247.
Presidential Memorandum Order 247, dated December 26, 1994, directed the DECS and CHED to fully implement R.A. 1425.
What was the impact of CHED Memorandum Order 6?
CHED Memorandum Order 6, dated February 15, 1996, mandated all colleges and universities to offer the Rizal course as a separate three-unit course.
Explain the concerns of those who opposed the Rizal Bill.
Opponents of the Rizal Bill argued that Rizal’s novels, which contradict Catholic beliefs, could violate constitutional provisions regarding religious freedom.
What reasons did supporters of the Rizal Bill provide for its approval?
Supporters emphasized the need for rededication to freedom and nationalism, and the importance of remembering the lives and works of national heroes.
How did Rizal’s works contribute to the education of the youth?
Rizal’s works serve as a constant source of patriotism that should influence the minds of the youth during their formative years.
Describe the social ranking established by the doctrine of ‘Limpieza de sangre’ during Rizal’s time.
The doctrine of ‘Limpieza de sangre’ created a social hierarchy that victimized the lower class through irrational criticisms and discrimination, establishing ranks such as Peninsulares at the top, followed by Insulares, Spanish mestizos, and then the Indios.
Define the role of the Gobernadorcillos in the political system of Rizal’s time.
The Gobernadorcillos acted as the town mayor, serving as the chief executive and chief judge of the town, and were positions where an Indio could be appointed.
How did the Spanish colonizers influence the educational system in the Philippines during Rizal’s time?
The educational system was religion-centered, controlled by friars who decided the curriculum, enforced learning in Spanish, and suppressed human intellect through rote memorization.
Do explain the significance of the Guardia Civil in Rizal’s time.
The Guardia Civil was a corps of native police led by Spanish officers, responsible for dealing with brigands and outlaws, and became one of the most feared instruments of arrest for those opposing colonial rule.
Describe the impact of the Encomienda system on early Filipinos.
The Encomienda system forced early Filipinos to lose their lands and subjected them to labor under Spanish colonizers, leading to significant social and economic hardships.
How did the political structure of the Philippines operate under the Governor General?
The Governor General, appointed by the Spanish King, headed the central government, acted as the King’s representative, issued orders, and was the commander in chief of the colonial armed forces.
Define the term ‘Frailocracia’ and its implications in Rizal’s time.
Frailocracia refers to the rule of friars, where the church and state were united, giving friars significant political power and influence over local governance and societal matters.
What was the role of the Alcalde Mayor in the provincial government during Rizal’s time?
The Alcalde Mayor was the head of the provincial government, overseeing local administration and governance within the province.
Describe the educational opportunities available to girls during Rizal’s time.
Girls had limited educational opportunities, with institutions like Santa Isabel, La Concordia, Santa Rosa, and Santa Catalina providing secondary education, but access was restricted compared to boys.
How did the social class of Chinese mestizos affect their role in the local economy?
Chinese mestizos, being children of Chinese and Indio parents, controlled the local economy and acted as intermediaries in the sale of public offices, thus holding significant economic power.
Define the term ‘Indios’ in the context of Rizal’s time.
Indios referred to full-blooded Filipinos who were often landless peasants and poor tenants, facing discrimination and derogatory treatment from higher social classes.
What was the significance of the Royal Audiencia in the colonial government?
The Royal Audiencia served as the highest court in the colony, responsible for auditing government finances and ensuring legal oversight.
How did the Spanish colonial government manage local governance through barangays?
Barangays were the smallest political units, managed by Cabeza de Barangay, who collected taxes and tributes from constituents, thus playing a crucial role in local governance.
Describe the educational approach taken by friars in schools during Rizal’s time.
Friars employed a rote learning method, focusing on memorization without understanding, suppressing critical thinking and imaginative ideas among students.
What was the role of the Governor General in religious matters during Rizal’s time?
The Governor General acted as the Vice Royal Patron over religious matters, nominating religious positions and controlling the finances of missions.
How did the social class of mestizos differ from that of Indios?
Mestizos, being of mixed heritage, were often landowners, artisans, and merchants, enjoying a higher social status compared to Indios, who were primarily landless and poor.
What was the primary focus of education for Filipinos during the Spanish colonial period?
Education was primarily focused on religious instruction, with a strong emphasis on Catholic teachings and the Spanish language, often at the expense of broader intellectual development.
Describe the role of Theological Seminaries in the context of university-level institutions.
Theological Seminaries were maintained by religious orders such as Jesuits, Paulists, and Augustinians, and initially did not accept Filipino seminarians, focusing instead on training Filipino priests for assistant positions to friars.
