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BU > Prelims > Flashcards

Prelims Flashcards

1
Q

A hoisting and lowering mechanism equipped with a car or platform which moves in guides in a vertical direction serving two or more floors of a building or structure. Movement of the car may be controlled by gravitational, manual or mechanical power; Invented by Elisha Otis (Mechanical lift, 1851 and Hydraulic Lift, 1854).

A

Elevator/Lift

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2
Q

A hoisting and lowering mechanism equipped with a car not to exceed 3861 sq. cm. in area and a maximum height of 1.20 m ., the capacity of which does not exceed 277 kg ., used exclusively for carrying materials.

A

Dumbwaiter

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3
Q

Types of Elevators Accdg. to Use

A
  1. Passenger Elevator
  2. Service or Freight Elevator
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4
Q

Passenger Elevators are Classified Accdg. to Application:

A
  1. General Purpose
  2. Commercial
  3. Residential
  4. Institutional
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5
Q

Two types of Elevators in General Use:

A
  1. Electric Elevator
  2. Hydraulic Elevator
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6
Q

Used exclusively in tall buildings and operated by direct .current (dc) motors.

A

Electric Elevator

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7
Q

Considerations in Elevator Selection

A

Total height of the building
Floor to floor height
Capacity
Speed Requirement
Type of Structure

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8
Q

A BLANK consists of a dc motor, the shaft of which is directly connected to the brake wheel and driving sheave. The elevator hoisting ropes or cables are placed around this sheave. The absence of gears means that the motor must run at the same speed as the driving sheave. It is preferred and is generally considered superior to a geared machine because it operates quietly, have fewer moving parts so maintenance becomes less and has longer life.

A

Gearless Traction Machine

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9
Q

The BLANK is a worm and gear interposed between the driving motor and the hoisting sheave. The motor is either ac or dc in comparison with the gearless unit which is always dc. It is used in some passenger and most freight elevator with motor horsepower ratings ranging from 3 to 100 hp.

A

Geared Traction Machine

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10
Q

The load-carrying unit of an elevator including its platform, frame and enclosure.

A

Car

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11
Q

These are steel wire ropes used for the suspension of car and counterweight. These then pass over a motor-driven cylindrical sheave at the traction machine and pass downward to the counterweight to which they are fastened with the cable sockets.

A

Cables

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12
Q

turns the sheave and lifts or lowers the car.

A

Elevator Machine

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13
Q

Are rectangular blocks of cast iron stacked in a frame which is supported at the opposite ends of the cables to which the car is fastened. It balances the weight of the car and usually equals weight of car plus 40% of car capacity.

A

Counterweight

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14
Q

Are vertical tracks that guide the car and counterweight.

A

Guiderails

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15
Q

It is the vertical passageway for the car and counterweight.

A

Shaft or Hoistway

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16
Q

the room usually directly above the hoistway in which the elevator machine is housed

A

Penthouse or Elevator Machine Room

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17
Q

It is that portion of the hoistway extending below the level of the bottom landing to provide for overtravel and clearance for parts which requires space below the bottom of car travel.

A

Elevator Pit

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18
Q

It is the combination of push buttons, contacts, relays, cams and devices which are operated manually or automatically to initiate the door operation, starting, acceleration, retardation, leveling or stopping of the car.

A

Control Equipment

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19
Q

register calls and governs response of elevator to them.

A

Control Panel

20
Q

Supplies direct current (dc) to motor; used with generator field control.

A

Motor generator

21
Q

uses an individual generator for each elevator so that voltage applied to the hoisting motor is adjusted by varying the strength of the generator field. It allows wide range of speeds, including high speeds and permits smooth acceleration and retardation.

A

Generator Field Control

22
Q

Are fastened to car frame and counterweight at top and bottom; it is used to guide rails.

A

Guide Shoes

23
Q

Ropes or chains hung from bottom of car to bottom of counterweight to balance the weight of hoist ropes.

A

Compensator

24
Q

a device used to absorb of car or counterweight at the lower limit of travel.

A

Buffer

25
Q

Stops car and counterweight (if required) in case of emergency by actuating the safety.

A

Governor

26
Q

Provides double wrap of ropes for traction and leads rope over to counterweight.

A

Secondary Sheave

27
Q

It is a device incorporated in the bottom beam of the car frame and counterweight; exerts retarding force in case of overspeed by gripping guide rails.

A

Safety Switch

28
Q

Are automatic devices which stop the car within the overtravel, independently of the operating device.

A

Limit Switches

29
Q

The car switch, push button, wheel, lever, etc. which enables the operator to actuate the control.

A

Operating Device

30
Q

gives stability to governor’s rope.

A

Tension Sheave

31
Q

A mechanism or control which willmove the car to within a limited zone and stop it at the landing.

A

Car leveling Device

32
Q

Within 18” above or below the landing.

A

Landing Zone

33
Q

A direct current (dc) system of control by varying resistance and reactance in the field circuit of the hoisting motor. Alternating current motors starts across the line.

A

Rheostatic Control

34
Q

One in which the ropes are fastened to and wound on a drum. No counterweight is required but it is not permitted on passenger elevators.

A

Winding Drum Machine

35
Q

It is a type of elevator that is raised or lowered quite simply by means of a movable rod (plunger) rigidly fixed to the bottom of the elevator car. The system is hydraulic and operatesvery much the same as a hydraulic jack, where oil from a reservoir is pumped under the plunger thereby raising it and the car.

A

Hydraulic Elevator

36
Q

Major Parts of Hydraulic Elevator

A
  1. Car or Cab
    1. Plunger
    2. Guide rails
    3. Guide Shoes
    4. Spring Buffer
    5. Shaft or Hoistway
    6. Elevator Machine Room (located at the lower floor)
    7. Elevator Pit
    8. Control System
37
Q

Other Parts of Hydraulic Elevator

A

Floor Stop and Limit Switches
Leveling Cam Switch
Car Gate Switch
Gate valve
Controller
Motor and Pump with Tank

38
Q

Advantages of Hydraulic Elevator

A
  1. No Wire Ropes or Cables
    1. No Penthouse
    2. No Overhead Equipment
    3. Elevator Shaft or Hoistway can be smaller
    4. Car safety or speed governor are not needed because the car and its load cannot fall faster than the normal speed.
    5. Buffers need be only heavy springs.
39
Q

Escalator Brand names

A
  1. Otis
  2. Mitsubishi
  3. Schindler
  4. Fuji
  5. Goldstar
  6. Hyundai
  7. Westinghouse
  8. Hitachi
40
Q

Mechanical Regulations
Elevator
1. Hoistways for elevators shall be substantially enclosed throughout their height, with no opening allowed except for necessary doors, windows or skylights.

A

True

41
Q

Mechanical Regulations
Elevator
2. Ropes, wires or pipes shall not be installed in hoistways, except when necessary for the operation of the elevator.

A

True

42
Q

Mechanical Regulation
Elevator
3. Hoistway pits shall be of such depth that when car rests fully compressed buffers, a clearance of not less than 600 mm remains between the underside of the car and the bottom of the pit.

A

True

43
Q

Mechanical Regulation
Escalator

  1. The angle of inclination of an escalator shall not exceed 35? from the horizontal.
A

True

44
Q

Mechanical Regulation
Escalator
The width between balustrade shall not be less than 558 mm nor more than 1200 mm. This width shall not exceed the width of steps by more than 330 mm.

A

True

45
Q

Mechanical Regulation
Escalator
3. Solid balustrades of incombustible material shall be provided on each side of the moving steps. If made of glass, it shall be of tempered type glass.

A

True

46
Q

Mechanical Regulation
Escalator
4. Each balustrade shall be provided with a handrail moving in the same direction and at the same speed as the steps.

  1. The rated speed, measured along the angle of inclination shall not be more than 38 mpm.
  2. Starting switches shall be key operated and located from within sight of escalator steps.
  3. Emergency button shall be conspicuously and accessibly located at or near the top and bottom landings but protected from accidental contact.
A

True

BU (4 decks)

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