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Oral Histology > Prelims > Flashcards

Prelims Flashcards

1
Q

What are the boundaries of Oral cavity

A

Superior, inferior, antero-lateral and posteriorly

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2
Q

What are in the superior boundaries

A

Hard and soft palate

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3
Q

What are in inferior boundaries

A

Tongue and floor of the mouth

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4
Q

What are in antero-lateral boundaries

A

Upper and lower teeth

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5
Q

What are in posteriorly boundaries

A

Palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal folds

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6
Q

Attached the lips to the attached gingiva of the anterior teeth

A

Labial frenum

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7
Q

Attaches the cheek to the attached gingiva of the posterior teeth

A

Buccal frenum

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8
Q

Location to inject anesthesia

A

Muccobuccal fold

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9
Q

Gingiva and alveolar mucosa meet

A

Muccogingival junction

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10
Q

Divisions of the palate

A

Hard and soft palate

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11
Q

Consist of oalatine process and horizontal plate of bone

A

Hard palate

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12
Q

No bone beneath the surface

A

Soft palate

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13
Q

It is formed by the mylohyoid muscle

A

Floor of the mouth

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14
Q

It is a valley shaped space between the tongue and teeth

A

Sublingual sulcus

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15
Q

Also called sublingualis

A

Sublingual folds

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16
Q

Strip of tissue which connects the undersurface of the tongue with the floor of the mouth

A

Lingual frenum

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17
Q

Slight fold of mucous membrane on each side of the tongue lateral to the lingual frenum

A

Plica fimbriata

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18
Q

Pair of the papillae at the center between the right and left sublingual folds

A

Sublingual caruncle

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19
Q

What are the para oral tissues

A

Cheek, palate, lips, tongue, teeth, tonsils, sublingual sulcus and salivary gland

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20
Q

The act of swallowing

A

Deglutition

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21
Q

3 phases of deglutition

A

Buccal phase, pharyngeal phase, and esophageal phase

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22
Q

Physical digestion of food involves mastication and lubrication

A

Digestion

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23
Q

Dorsum of the tongue possess lingual papillae on various forms

A

Taste

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24
Q

What functions where lips, teeth, tongue and hard and soft palage poay a role in pronunciation of consonants

A

Speech

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25
Q

What function where Tonsillar ring includes the phagocytic activity of macrophages against harmful bacteria and foreign bodies

A

Protection

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26
Q

Engulfing or taking in of foods

A

Ingestion

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27
Q

Oral cavity is an adjunct to the respiratory system

A

Respiration

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28
Q

Process of biting, cutting, crushing and grinding of foods

A

Mastication

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29
Q

Small rounded nodule of tissue in the center of the lowest part of the upper lip

A

Labial tubercle

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30
Q

Depression running from the tubercle to the nostrils

A

Philtrum

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31
Q

Groove running diagonally downward of the nostrils toward the corner of lip

A

Nasolabial groove

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32
Q

Corner of the mouth

A

Labial commisure

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33
Q

White line running posteriorly on each side at the level where the upper and lower teeth come together

A

Linea alba buccalis

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34
Q

Round elevation of tissue between 1st and 2nd upper molars

A

Parotid papilla

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35
Q

Seperates the buccinator muscles from the ramus of the mandible and messeter muscles

A

Buccal pad of fat

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36
Q

Yellow spots seen on the buccal mucosa

A

Fordyce spots

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37
Q

Rest in the floor of the mouth within the curvature of the body of the mandible

A

Tongue

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38
Q

No taste buds
Most numerous papilla
2/3 of dorsum of the tongue

A

Filiform papillae

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39
Q

Mushroom shaped
Loosely scattered
Appears red

A

Fungiform papilla

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40
Q

What taste perceives by fungiform laterally and in tip

A

Laterally saltiness and tip is sweetness

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41
Q

A leaf shaped
Posterior 1/3 of tongue

A

Foliate papilla

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42
Q

What taste perceives the foliate papilla

A

Sour taste

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43
Q

Largest papillae
8-10 at the anterior edge of sulcus terminalis

A

Circumvallate papilla

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44
Q

Tast that perceives circumvallate

A

Bitter taste

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45
Q

What are the 2 groups of salivary gland

A

Major salivary glands
Minor salivary glands

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46
Q

Largest salivary gland, purely serous

A

Parotid gland

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47
Q

Secretions of parotid gland thru what duct

A

Stensens duct

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48
Q

Lies in submandibular fossa, secretion thru whartons duct

A

Submandibular gland

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49
Q

Smallest among the major salivary glands

A

Sublingual gland

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50
Q

Largest duct of the sublingual gland

A

Bartholins duct

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51
Q

Salivary glands situated between the mucous mebrane and orbicularis oris

A

Labial gland

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52
Q

Continuation of labial gland on posterior part of cheek what gland?

A

Small buccal gland

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53
Q

They are pure mucous gland

A

Palatine gland

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54
Q

Also called apical gland

A

Anterior lingual glands

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55
Q

Usually 10-24 in each taste bud
Rich in heterochromatin

A

Type l taste cells or dark cells

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56
Q

Supporting cells
Lights cells
Low in heterochromatin

A

Type ll or sustentacular cells

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57
Q

Least numerous
Surrounded by type cells
Also appear dark

A

Type lll or intermediate cells

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58
Q

Perpendicular to the basal lamina
Believed to be the stem cells what type of taste bud?

A

Type IV or basal cells

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59
Q

Surrounds the neck of the teeth and covers the alveolar process of jaws

A

Gingiva

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60
Q

Connective tissue that surrounds the root of the tooth

A

Periodontal ligament

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61
Q

Part of the mandible and maxilla which forms the sockets

A

Alveolar bone

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62
Q

What are the 4 types of consonants

A

Labial consonants
Dental consonants
Palatal consonants
Gluttural consonants

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63
Q

What is 5th taste sensation

A

Umami

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64
Q

Small circular opening immediately posterior to the circumvallate papillae

A

Foramen cecum

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65
Q

Shallow groove running laterally and on either side of the foramen cecum

A

Terminal sulcus

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66
Q

Near the base of the circumvallate papilla

A

Glands of von ebner

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67
Q

Masses of lymphoid tissue between the palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal arches side of fauces

A

Palatine tonsils

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68
Q

Mass of lymphoid tissue on posterior wall of nasopharynx

A

Pharyngeal tonsil

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69
Q

Located deeply along the base or root of the tongue

A

Lingual tonsils

70
Q

For cutting off bits of food

A

Incisors

71
Q

For tearing of food

A

Cuspids

72
Q

For tearing and grinding food

A

Premolars or bicuspids

73
Q

For crushing mashing and grinding of foods

A

Molars

74
Q

1 set of dentition

A

Monohyodont dentition

75
Q

2 sets of dentition

A

Diphyodont dentition

76
Q

Many dentition

A

Polyhyodont dentition

77
Q

Teeth only possess one shape

A

Homodont

78
Q

Teeth possess multiple shapes

A

Heterodont

79
Q

Part of the tooth that has an enamel surface

A

Anatomical crown

80
Q

Part of the tooth that has a cementum surface

A

Anatomical root

81
Q

Part of the tooth that is exposed to the oral cavity

A

Clinical crown

82
Q

Not exposed to the oral cavity embedded in the jaw covered by periodonteum

A

Clinical root

83
Q

Line at the cervical border of anatomical crown where enamel and cementum meet

A

Cervical line

84
Q

Opening or hole where blood vessels pass through

A

Apical foramen

85
Q

Protective covering of the crown dentin

A

Enamel

86
Q

Enamel Percentage of inorganic subtance and organic what kind of inorganic

A

96-98% inorganic (hydroxyapatite)
4% organic

87
Q

Main bulk of the tooth and gives form and shape to the tooth

A

Dentin

88
Q

Percentage of dentin inorganic and organic

A

65-70% inorganic
35-30% organic

89
Q

Calcified mesodermal tissue forming the external covering of the anatomical roots of the teeth

A

Cementum

90
Q

Percentage of cementum inorganic and organic

A

45-50% inorganic
50-55% organic

91
Q

Connective tissue that occupies the center of the tooth contains blood vessels nerves and cells

A

Dental pulp

92
Q

3 stages of human development

A

Period of the ovum or proliferative period
Period of the embyro or embryonic period
Period of the fetus or fetal period

93
Q

2 weeks of fertilization
Implantation of blastocyst

A

Period of the ovum

94
Q

Weeks of period of the embryo

A

3-8 weeks

95
Q

Developing of tissue organizing to form organ systems and heart begins to form and beat

A

Period of the embryo

96
Q

8 weeks to birth
Takes more human appearance

A

Period of the fetus

97
Q

What you call the female gametocyte

A

Oocyte

98
Q

A male gametocyte

A

Spermatozoa

99
Q

Fertilization occurs

A

Fallopian tube

100
Q

The sperm undergoes in 2 process what is that

A

Capacitation process and acrosomal reaction

101
Q

Glycoprotein coat and seminal are removed from the spermatozoan head

A

Capacitation process

102
Q

Hyaluronidase and acrosin are released to penetrate the oocyte barriers

A

Acrosomal reaction

103
Q

Caplike structure at the anterior end of a spermatozoon that produces enzymes aiding the egg penetration

A

Acrosome

104
Q

Parts of the egg cell

A

Corona radiata
Zona pellucida
Oocyte cell membrane

105
Q

Any of cells formed by cleavage of a fertilized egg

A

Blastomere

106
Q

Spherical embyronic mass of blastomeres
1 cell = 1 blastomere

A

Morula

107
Q

Enclosing an inner mass of cells of a fluid filled cavity

A

Blastocyst

108
Q

What lining of uterus implanted

A

Endometrium

109
Q

What you call inner mass of cells of fluid filled cavity

A

Blastocoel

110
Q

What particularly part of fallopian tube fertilization occurs

A

Ampulla

111
Q

Extraembryonic tissues

A

Trophoblast

112
Q

What Cavity lined with ectoderm develops

A

Amniotic cavity

113
Q

Forms the roof of the yolk sac

A

Endoderm

114
Q

What produces hCG

A

Synctiotrophoblast

115
Q

Meaning of hCG

A

Human chorionic gonadotropin

116
Q

Shared identical DNA

A

Identical twins

117
Q

Dont come from same DNA seperated placenta

A

Fraternal twins

118
Q

Slight enlargement of ectodermal and endodermal cells at cranial end

A

Prochordal plate

119
Q

•Localized thickening of epiblast at the caudal end of embryonic disc
• has narrow primitive groove

A

Primitive streak

120
Q

What produces from the primitive streak organize into 3rd germ layer

A

Mesenchymal cells

121
Q

Sensory epithelium of the ear nose eye

A

Ectoderm

122
Q

Epithelium lining of the respiratory tract urinary bladder and urethra

A

Endoderm

123
Q

What is the function of notochord

A

Patterning and structural

124
Q

Major event that begins at the end of 3rd week

A

Neurolation

125
Q

In neurolation, what neural are form

A

Neural plate
Neural tube

126
Q

Thickening of the embryonic ectoderm
Induced to form developing notochord

A

Neural plate

127
Q

Longitudinal neural groove develops in neural plate flanked by neural folds

A

Neural tube

128
Q

Neuroectodermal cells at lateral margins of neural plate migrate dorsolaterally to form what?

A

Neural crest

129
Q

Differentiates to form most of connective tissue of the head

A

Neural crest cells

130
Q

Failure of migration of neural crest cells may lead to?

A

Treacher collins syndrome

131
Q

Masses of mesoderm that lie on either side of neural tube

A

Somites

132
Q

What are the brain vesicles

A

Forebrain
Midbrain
Hindbrain

133
Q

Other term for forebrain

A

Prosencephalon

134
Q

Other term for midbrain

A

Mesencephalon

135
Q

Other term for hindbrain

A

Rhombocephalon

136
Q

What week folding of embryo

A

4th week

137
Q

Head folds leads to formation of what?

A

Stomodeum

138
Q

Face starts to develop during what week?

A

3rd week

139
Q

Large bulge which consists of ectoderm and mesenchymes located above the stomodeum

A

Frontal process

140
Q

Grows upward and medially and approaches the lateral and medial nasal processes

A

Maxillary process

141
Q

Will give rise to the mandible

A

Mandibular porcess

142
Q

How many days Localized thickenings develop within the ectodorn of the frontal process

A

28 days

143
Q

Production of a horseshoe-shape ridge

A

Nasal placodes

144
Q

Open end of the slit in contact with the oral cavity

A

Nasal pits

145
Q

Region where nose develop
With presence of nasal pits it becomes what?

A

Frontonasal process

146
Q

Lateral arm of horseshoe

A

Lateral nasal process

147
Q

Medial arm of the horseshoe

A

Medial nasal process

148
Q

Eyes become prominent on the sides of the head and mandibular arch loses midline contriction, in what prenatal week is it?

A

5th prenatal week

149
Q

External opening of the nasal sac

A

Anterior nares

150
Q

Epithelial thickening into the mesoderm

A

Vestibular lamina

151
Q

Forms the roof of the mouth which separates the oral and nasal cavities

A

Palate

152
Q

Straightened to a horizontak position and usually completed by the 12th week in utero

A

Palatine process

153
Q

Agents causing congenital defects

A

Teratogens

154
Q

A result of non-fusion of 2 palatine processes and inferior borders of the nasal septum

A

Cleft palate

155
Q

Cleft affecting the hard palate

A

Uranoschisis

156
Q

Cleft affecting only the soft palate

A

Staphylochisis

157
Q

Abnormally small jaw or retardation in the development of the upper or lower jaw

A

Micronagthia

158
Q

Abnormally large jaw

A

Macronagthia

159
Q

Congenital absence of either upper or lower jaw

A

Agnathia

160
Q

Abnormally big opening

A

Macrostomia

161
Q

Abnormally small opening of lip abnormalities

A

Microstomia

162
Q

Abnormally small tongue

A

Microglossia

163
Q

Abnormally large tongue

A

Macroglossia

164
Q

Absence of tongue

A

Aglossia

165
Q

Tongue tied

A

Ankyglossis

166
Q

Tongue has failed fusion making it looked cut in half

A

Bifid tongue

167
Q

Absence of filiform papillae

A

Median rhomboid glossitis

168
Q

One half of the face is smaller than the other half

A

Hemifacial microsomia

169
Q

Failure of neural crest cell migration

A

Treachers collins syndrome

170
Q

What you call Tooth development

A

Odontogenesis

171
Q

Beginning of tooth germ of a primary tooth

A

Tooth bud

Oral Histology (3 decks)

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