PRELIMS

Question 1

A condition characterized by thoughts, feelings and behavior that create dysfunction.

Answer 1

MENTAL DISORDER

Question 2

The study of psychological disorders and their symptoms.

Answer 2

PSCHOPATHOLOGY

Question 3

The causes of disorder.

Answer 3

ETIOLOGY

Question 4

Four D’s

Answer 4

DEVIANCE
DYSFUNCTION
DISTRESS
DANGER

Question 5

attribute mental illness to possession by evil or demonic spirits, displeasure of gods, eclipses, planetary gravitation, curses, and sin.

Answer 5

SPIRITUAL THEORIES

Question 6

identify disturbances in physical functioning resulting from either illness, genetic inheritance, or brain damage or imbalance.

Answer 6

SOMATOGENIC THEORIES

Question 7

focus on traumatic or stressful experiences, maladaptive learned associations and
cognition’s, or distorted perceptions

Answer 7

PSYCHOGENIC THEORIES

Question 8

as early as 6500 BC has identified surgical drilling of holes in skulls to treat head injuries and epilepsy as well as to allow the evil spirits trapped within the skull

Answer 8

TREPHINATION

Question 9

the first institutions created for the specific purpose of housing people with psychological disorders

Answer 9

ASYLUM

Question 10

a French physician,__________, argued for the more humane treatment of the mentally ill

Answer 10

PHILIPPE PINEL

Question 11

In the 19th century, _________ led reform efforts for mental health care in the United States.

Answer 11

DOROTHEA DIX

Question 12

associated with ending physical punishment of patients within asylums

Answer 12

DOROTHEA DIX

Question 13

founder of modern scientific psychiatry, psychopharmacology, and psychiatric genetics and believed the chief origin of psychiatric disease to be biological and genetic malfunction.

Answer 13

EMIL KRAEPLIN

Question 14

Kraepelin’s definition for what we now call schizophrenia;
the “sub-acute development of a peculiar simple condition of mental weakness occurring at a youthful age

Answer 14

DEMENTIA PRAECOX

Question 15

common patterns of symptoms over time (rather than by simple similarity of major symptoms).

Answer 15

SYNDROME

Question 16

model emphasizing the various factors influencing disorders.
While some have a genetic predisposition for a certain psychological disorder, certain psychological stressors need to be present for them to develop the disorder.

Answer 16

BIOPSYCHOSOCIAL

Question 17

therapy that is not the individual’s choice.

Answer 17

INVOLUNTARY TREATMENT

Question 18

the individual chooses to attend
therapy to obtain relief from symptoms.

Answer 18

VOLUNTARY TREATMENT

Question 19

published by the American Psychiatric Association.

Answer 19

DSM -5

Question 20

the co-occurrence of two disorders

Answer 20

COMORBIDITY

Question 21

depression, anxiety, social
anxiety, somatic complaints,
post-traumatic symptoms, and
obsession-compulsion.

Answer 21

INTERNALIZING PROBLEMS

Question 22

disruptive, impulse-control, conduct disorders and substance use

Answer 22

EXTERNALIZING PROBLEMS

Question 23

Commonly refers to the identification of the nature and cause of an illness

Answer 23

DIAGNOSIS

Question 24

a professional who
works directly with patients or
clients and may diagnose, treat,
and otherwise care for them.

Answer 24

CLINICIAN

Question 25

where evaluations are made of
appearance and behavior, selfreported symptoms, mental
health history, and current life
circumstances.

Answer 25

MENTAL STATUS EXAMINATION

Question 26

determining the single diagnosis
that is most relevant to the
person’s chief complaint or need
for treatment this will be the main
focus of clinical attention or
treatment

Answer 26

PRINCIPAL DIAGNOSIS

Question 27

a theoretically-based explanation of the information obtained from a clinical assessment.

Answer 27

CLINICAL FORMULATION

Question 28

the systematic review of a person’s
cultural background and the role
of culture in the manifestation of
symptoms and dysfunction.

Answer 28

CULTURAL FORMULATION

Question 29

type of contract that specifies the goals of treatment, treatment procedures, and a regular schedule for the time, place, and duration of their treatment sessions.

Answer 29

TREATMENT PLAN

Question 30

Occurs when information about a
person’s diagnostic classification is
communicated in a negative manner that
leads to stigma for the individual with a
mental disorder

Answer 30

LABELING

Question 31

posits that self-identity
and the behavior of individuals may be
determined or influenced by the terms used
to describe or classify them

Answer 31

LABELING THEORY

Question 32

An expectation that people might have about every person of a particular group.

Answer 32

STEREOTYPE

Question 33

a set of negative attitudes and beliefs that motivate
individuals to fear, reject, avoid, and discriminate against people with mental illness.

Answer 33

PUBLIC STIGMA

Question 34

thought to be particularly
damaging, and is said to occur when
individuals internalize stigmatizing social
attitudes, and come to believe the
negative societal conceptions and
stereotypes associated with their
condition

Answer 34

SELF-STIGMA

Question 35

“the extent to which individuals believe that ‘most people’ will devalue and discriminate against a mental patient”

Answer 35

STIGMA EXPERIENCE