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Cultural Competency > prelims > Flashcards

prelims Flashcards

1
Q

Major goals of Health People 2020
(4 items)

A

Attain high-quality, longer lives free of preventable disease, disability, injury, and premature death.

Achieve health equity, eliminate disparities, and improve the health of all groups.

Create social and physical environments that promote good health for all; and

Promote quality of life, healthy development, and health behaviors across all life stages.

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2
Q

totality of socially transmitted behavioral patterns, beliefs, values, customs, lifeways, arts, and all other products of human work and thought characteristics of a population of people that guide their worldview and decision making.

A

CULTURE

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3
Q

groups of people from several cultures who join together for an array of reasons. For example, a support group for addictions, bikers, or veterans may have members from European, American, Korean, and Panamanian cultures; they create their own subculture within their dominant culture.

A

SUBCULTURES

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4
Q

In cultural competence is a deliberate and conscious cognitive and emotional process of getting to know oneself: one’s own personality, values, beliefs, professional knowledge, standards, ethics, and the impact of these factors on the various roles one plays when interacting with individuals who are different from oneself.

A

SELF-AWARENESS

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5
Q

genetic and includes physical characteristics that are similar among members of the same group, such as skin color, blood type, and hair and eye color

A

RACE

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6
Q

VARIANT CHARACTERISTICS OF CULTURE
(20 items)

A

Nationality
Religious Affiliation

Political Beliefs
Physical Characteristics
Race

Educational Status
Urban versus Rural
Sexual Orientation
Skin color

Socioeconomic Status
Enclave Identity
Gender Issues
Gender

Occupation
Marital Status
Length of time away from the country of origin
Age

Military Experience
Parental Status
Reason for Migration (Sojourner, Immigrant, or Undocumented)

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7
Q

who immigrate with the intention of remaining in their new homeland for only a short time or refugees who think they may return to their home country may not have the need or desire to acculturate or assimilate.

A

SOJOURNERS

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8
Q

may have a different worldview from those who have arrived legally.

A

UNDOCUMENTED INDIVIDUALS (ILLEGAL IMMIGRANTS)

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9
Q

appreciation of the external or material signs of diversity, such as the arts, music, dress, or physical characteristics.

A

CULTURAL AWARENESS

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10
Q

has more to do with personal attitudes and not saying things that might be offensive to someone from a cultural or ethnic background different from that of the health-care provider.

A

CULTURAL SENSITIVITY

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11
Q

Developing an awareness of one’s own existence, sensations, thoughts, and environment without letting them have an undue influence on those from other backgrounds.

A

CULTURAL COMPETENCE

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12
Q

Demonstrating knowledge and understanding of the patient’s culture, health-related needs, and culturally specific meanings of health and illness.
Continuing to learn about cultures of patients to whom one provides care.

A

CULTURAL COMPETENCE

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13
Q

Recognizing that the variant cultural characteristics determine the degree to which patients adhere to the beliefs, values, and practices of their dominant culture.

A

CULTURAL COMPETENCE

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14
Q

Accepting and respecting cultural differences in a manner that facilitates the patient’s and family’s abilities to make decisions to meet their needs and beliefs.

A

CULTURAL COMPETENCE

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15
Q

Accepting and respecting cultural differences in a manner that facilitates the patient’s and family’s abilities to make decisions to meet their needs and beliefs.
Not assuming that the health-care provider’s beliefs and values are the same as the patient’s.

A

CULTURAL COMPETENCE

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16
Q

Resisting judgmental attitudes such as “different is not as good.”
Being open to cultural encounters.

A

CULTURAL COMPETENCE

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17
Q

Being comfortable with cultural encounters.
Adapting care to be congruent with the patient’s culture.

A

CULTURAL COMPETENCE

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18
Q

Engaging in cultural competence is a conscious process and not necessarily a linear one.

A

CULTURAL COMPETENCE

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19
Q

Accepting responsibility for one’s own education in cultural competence by attending conferences, reading professional literature, and observing cultural practices.

A

CULTURAL COMPETENCE

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20
Q

RACIAL GROUPS
(4 items)

A

AFRICAN AMERICAN/ BLACK
NATIVE AMERICAN /ALASKA NATIVE
ASIAN AMERICAN & PACIFIC ISLANDER
WHITE

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21
Q

A person having origins in any of the original peoples of Europe, North Africa, or the Middle East.

A

WHITE

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22
Q

A person having origins in any of the original peoples of the Far East, Southeast Asia, the Indian subcontinent, or the Pacific Islands. This area includes, for example, China, India, Japan, Korea, the Philippine Islands, and Samoa.

A

ASIAN AMERICAN & PACIFIC ISLANDER

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23
Q

A person having origins in any of the original peoples of North America and who maintains cultural identification through tribal affiliations or community recognition.

A

NATIVE AMERICAN /ALASKA NATIVE

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24
Q

a person having origins in any of the black racial groups of Africa
history in America started as slaves
Largest racial minority group in the United States
Second largest minority group in the world (second to the hispanic population)

A

AFRICAN AMERICAN/ BLACK

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25
Q

It focuses on providing a foundation for understanding the various attributes of a different culture, allowing health-care practitioners to adequately view patient attributes, such as incitement, experiences, notions about healthcare and illness

A

Purnell Model

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26
Q

Where can the Purnell Model be used?
(4 items)

A

in clinical practice,
in formal and continuing education,
in research
in administration and management of healthcare services.

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27
Q

not being aware that one is lacking knowledge about another culture

A

UNCONSCIOUSLY INCOMPETENT

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28
Q

being aware that one is lacking knowledge about another culture

A

CONSCIOUSLY INCOMPETENT

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29
Q

learning about the client’s culture, verifying generalizations about the client’s culture, and providing culturally specific interventions

A

CONSCIOUSLY COMPETENT

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30
Q

automatically providing culturally congruent care to clients of diverse cultures

A

UNCONSCIOUSLY COMPETENT

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31
Q

12 DOMAINS/CONCEPTS OF THE PURNELL MODEL

A
  1. OVERVIEW AND HERITAGE
  2. COMMUNICATION
  3. FAMILY ROLES AND ORGANIZATION
  4. WORKFORCE ISSUES
  5. BIOCULTURAL ECOLOGY
  6. HIGH-RISK HEALTH BEHAVIORS
  7. NUTRITION
  8. PREGNANCY AND CHILDBEARING PRACTICES
  9. DEATH RITUALS
  10. SPIRITUALITY
  11. HEALTH-CARE PRACTICES
  12. HEALTH-CARE PRACTITIONERS
32
Q

It includes the statuses, use and perception of traditional, magico-religious, and biomedical health care providers; and the gender of the health care provider.

A

HEALTH-CARE PRACTITIONERS

33
Q

It includes the focus of health care; traditional magico-religious and biomedical beliefs and practices; individual responsibility for health; self-medicating practices; views on mental illness, chronicity and rehabilitation; acceptance of blood and blood products; organ donation and transplantation.

A

HEALTH-CARE PRACTICES

34
Q

Includes formal religious beliefs related to faith and affiliation and the use of prayer behavior practices that give meaning to life, and individual sources of strength.

A

SPIRITUALITY

35
Q

It includes how the individual and the society view death and euthanasia, rituals to prepare for death, burial practices and bereavement behaviors.

A

DEATH RITUALS

36
Q

It includes culturally sanctioned and unsanctioned fertility practices; views on pregnancy; and prescriptive, restrictive taboo practices related to pregnancy, birthing and postpartum period.

A

PREGNANCY AND CHILDBEARING PRACTICES

37
Q

It includes the meaning of food, common foods, and rituals; nutritional deficiencies and food limitations; and the use of food for health promotion and restoration and illness and disease prevention.

A

NUTRITION

38
Q

It includes substance use such as tobacco, alcohol or recreational drugs
It also includes physical activity and levels of safety or precautions taken.

A

HIGH-RISK HEALTH BEHAVIORS

39
Q

LIFESTYLE – it includes cultural practices and behaviors that can be generally controlled.
ENVIRONMENT – refers to the external environment and situations over which the individual has little to no control.
GENETICS– conditions are caused by genes.

A

BIOCULTURAL ECOLOGY

40
Q

It includes acculturation, autonomy (right of self-governing), and the presence of language barriers.

A

WORKFORCE ISSUES

41
Q

It involves who heads the household in terms of gender and age.
The organization of the family is affected by goals, priorities, developmental tasks, social status, and alternative lifestyle

A

FAMILY ROLES AND ORGANIZATION

42
Q

It compromises important notions relevant to communication such as primary language and dialects, circumstantial effectiveness and convenience of the language, paralinguistics differences and nonverbal communication.

A

COMMUNICATION

43
Q

It includes the country of deviation, the geographical influence of the original and present home, political affairs, economics, education status and profession.

A

OVERVIEW AND HERITAGE

44
Q

it includes cultural practices and behaviors that can be generally controlled.

A

LIFESTYLE

45
Q

refers to the external environment and situations over which the individual has little to no control

A

ENVIRONMENT

46
Q

conditions are caused by genes

A

GENETICS

47
Q

are defined as obstacles or hindrances that make it difficult to access or obtain good health or healthcare

A

BARRIERS

48
Q

DOMAINS OF BARRIERS
(13 items)

A

Language and Health Literacy
Acceptability
Availability
Awareness
Accessibility
Attitudes
Affordability
Approachability
Appropriateness
Alternative Practices
Accountability
Additional Services
Adaptability

49
Q

include the medical jargon used by health-care providers, inadequate reading level of the patient, or lack of fluency in English or in the patient’s mother tongue

A

LANGUAGE AND HEALTH LITERACY

50
Q

BARRIERS TO COMMUNICATION
(4 items)

A

LINGUISTIC BARRIER

LIMITED EXPERIENCE (HEALTH CARE CONCEPTS & PROCEDURES)

CULTURAL BARRIERS

SYSTEMATIC BARRIERS

51
Q

Health system have specialized vocabulary and jargon

A

SYSTEMATIC BARRIERS

52
Q

Each person brings their own cultural background and frame of reference to the conversation

A

CULTURAL BARRIERS

53
Q

Many people are getting health care coverage for the first time

A

LIMITED EXPERIENCE (HEALTH CARE CONCEPTS & PROCEDURES)

54
Q

Speech patterns, accents or different languages may be used

A

LINGUISTIC BARRIER

55
Q

BEnefits of Clear Communication

A

Safety and Adherence
Physician and Patient Satisfaction
Office Process
Saves time and Money

56
Q

is defined as a health-related system offering a needed service and doing so at a time that is reasonable.

A

AVAILABILITY

57
Q

is defined as the ability of the patient to actually get to a service when needed.

A

ACCESSIBILITY

58
Q

is defined as having the financial resources to access and use health-care services.

A

AFFORDABILITY

59
Q

is defined as having a service that is needed and congruent with the patient’s and family’s cultural belief system

A

APPROPRIATENESS

60
Q

is defined as health-care providers’ seeking resources for their own education and learning about the cultures of the people they serve

A

ORGANIZATIONAL ACCOUNTABILITY

61
Q

is defined as the health-care environment being able to change and to offer additional services when needed.

A

ADAPTABILITY

62
Q

is defined as being able to meet the requirements and provide satisfaction to a patient or family needing a health-care service.

A

ACCEPTABILITY

63
Q

is defined as the patient and family being cognizant of needed health-care services.

A

AWARENESS

63
Q

is defined as the patient or family feeling it is easy to talk or deal with health-care providers.

A

APPROACHABILITY

64
Q

is defined as a state of mind or feeling about a patient’s or family’s health beliefs and values.

A

ATTITUDES

65
Q

are defined as complementary and alternative health-care practices and traditional and folk practices.

A

ALTERNATIVE PRACTICES

66
Q

are defined as value-added benefits that improve health-care access and adaptability.

A

ADDITIONAL SERVICES

67
Q

T or F
THINGS TO CONSIDER in ADAPTABILITY
Provide several times during the week when full service health promotion and wellness, services, testing, and education are available.

A

TRUE

68
Q

T of F
THINGS TO CONSIDER in ACCESSIBILITY
Make vans available at convenient locations and at specified times to transport patients to clinics.
Don’t Provide guidance for accessing services and navigating the health-care delivery system by advertising in local newspapers, in newsletters, and on public transportation systems.
Provide telephone triage systems where patients and families can talk with a nurse to determine the acuity of a health concern.

A

FALSE
Make vans available at convenient locations and at specified times to transport patients to clinics.
Provide guidance for accessing services and navigating the health-care delivery system by advertising in local newspapers, in newsletters, and on public transportation systems.
Provide telephone triage systems where patients and families can talk with a nurse to determine the acuity of a health concern.

69
Q

THINGS TO CONSIDER in ——-
Partner with local philanthropic agencies to provide financial services.
Involve social workers to get patients funds on a temporary basis.

A

AFFORDABILITY

70
Q

THINGS TO CONSIDER in ——-
Partner with larger organizations that have full service capabilities to offer hours in rural areas on a regular basis.
Offer full-service health promotion and wellness services, testing, and education a few days each week on a regular basis

A

APPROPRIATENESS

71
Q

THINGS TO CONSIDER in ——–
Provide cultural competence in orientation programs.
Obtain local, regional, or national organizations and personnel to provide cultural competence workshops.
Update staff annually on the practices, values, and health beliefs of the populations the organization serves.
Provide staff with assessment forms and guides for culturally competent assessment

A

ORGANIZATIONAL ACCOUNTABILITY

72
Q

THINGS TO CONSIDER in ———-
Advertise in local newspapers, in newsletters, and on public transportation systems services that are available in the community. Include advertisements in foreign languages where appropriate.
Partner with local and regional radio and television stations (including foreign-language stations) that advertise the services that are available to patients in the community.

A

AWARENESS

73
Q

THINGS TO CONSIDER in —–
Do not tell patients that they are wrong for using home based treatments.
Do not let judgmental attitudes interfere with acceptance of patients and families.

A

ATTITUDES

74
Q

THINGS TO CONSIDER in ——-
Greet patients formally until told to do otherwise.
Maintain eye contact without staring when greeting patients and families.
Note that in some cultures, people do not maintain eye contact with people in higher social positions

A

APPROACHABILITY

75
Q

THINGS TO CONSIDER in ——
Incorporate non harmful alternative practices into treatment plans. *
Partner with local folk healers and educate them on when referral to allopathic care is advisable.
Refer patients to alternative folk practitioners when the condition (for example: evil eye) warrants it.

A

ALTERNATIVE PRACTICES

76
Q

THINGS TO CONSIDER in ——
Network with local organizations and churches that can volunteer sitter services with professional oversight.
Assist patients with navigating the intricacies of the health-care system.
Assist patients and families with completing bureaucratic forms. *
Conduct focus groups to determine community needs.

A

ADDITIONAL SERVICES

Cultural Competency (3 decks)

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