PRELIMS Flashcards
Building block of a theory
Concept
Group of related ideas
Conceptual Framework
notion of ideas that explains experiences, interprets the project outcome.
Theory
organized bodies of knowledge to define what nursing is and what nurses do.
Nursing theory
underlying facts they have been studied and bought under scientific process to provide us the body of knowledge
principles
These are beliefs and values that define a way of thinking and are generally
known and understood by a group or discipline.
philosphy
representations of the interaction among and between the concepts
showing patterns. They present an overview of the theory’s thinking and
may demonstrate how theory can be introduced into practice.
models
are statements that describe the relationship between the
concepts.
Propositions
perspective or territory of a profession or discipline.
domain
organized steps, changes, or functions intended to bring about the
desired result.
process
refers to a pattern of shared understanding and assumptions about
reality and the world, worldview, or widely accepted value system.
paradigm
A _________ is the most general statement of discipline and functions as a
framework in which the more restricted structures of conceptual models
develop.
metaparadigm
the word came from a latin word “nutrix“
meaning, to nourish.
nursing
it is called science of nursing created by nursing research,
nursing science borrows from the other sciences, such as medicine,
biology, immunology, social and behavioral sciences, human
development nursing is unique because its focus on the effect of
disease at the patient level.
Empirics/Objective knowledge
the art of nursing
direct feeling of experience; its expressive, rather than descriptive
it involves the creation or appreciation of a nurse/patient relationship-
involves empathy, knowledge is gained from subjective acquaintance,
direct feeling of experience ,not scientific testing
it is the difference between recognition and perception
Esthetics/Subjective Knowledge
essential pattern to understanding the meaning on health in terms
of individual well-being
involves therapeutic use of self to build and authentic relationship
with patients
Personal knowledge
sensitive to the difficult personal choice that must be made within
the complex context of modern health care
these choices raise fundamental question about morally right and
wrong action in connection with the care and treatment of illness
and the promotion health
Ethics/Moral knowledge
In this period, nursing was
considered to be “untaught” and
instinctive.
Period of Intuitive
Nursing/Medieval Period
Nursing was developed by religious
orders.
Period of Apprentice Nursing/ Middle
Ages
- In this period, the development of
nursing during this period was
strongly influenced by:
a.) trends resulting from wars –
Crimean, civil war
b.) arousal of social consciousness
c.) increased educational
opportunities offered to women.
Period of Educated Nursing/Nightingale Era 19th- 20th Century
- In this period, Licensure of nurses started
alongside: specialization of Hospital and
diagnosis, training of Nurses in diploma
program, development of baccalaureate and
advance degree programs, scientific and
technological development as well as social
changes mark this period.
Period of Contemporary Nursing/ 20th
Century
Nursing knowledge is distinct from medical
knowledge (Nightingale)
Nursing practices was based on principles and tradition
passed on through apprenticeship and common sense
wisdom.
Nursing was a Vocational heritage more than professional
vision.
1800
debates and discussion regarding the proper
direction and appropriate disciple for nursing knowledge
development.
1960
Evaluation of 25 years of nursing research revealed that
lacked conceptual connections and theoretical frameworks.
Milestones:
1. standardization of curricula for nursing
master’s education
2. doctoral education for nurses should be in
nursing.
Transition from vocation to profession nursing practice is
based on Nursing Science.
mid 1970s
Preparadigm period to Paradigm period introduced an
organizational structure for nursing knowledge
development to the nursing literature.
Utilization phase of Theory Era – emphasis shifts from the
development to the use and application of what us known.
1980
Nursing education shifted from hospital-based diploma
programs into college and universities.
CURRICULUM ERA
This era implies that research was a path to new knowledge.
It is in this era where research became part of the curricula
of developing graduate programs.
RESEARCH EMPHASIS ERA
In this era, master’s program in nursing emerged in order to
meet the need for nurses with specialized education training.
Nursing theory and Conceptual Models were included as
courses.
GRADUATE EDUCATION ERA
