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IT ERA > Prelims 1 > Flashcards

Prelims 1 Flashcards

1
Q

A computer is essentially a collection of electrical and mechanical parts referred to as ______.

A

Hardware

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2
Q

It is a computer program.

A

Operating system (or OS)

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3
Q

It is a sequence of instructions that guides the computer through the performance of a specific task or sequence of tasks.

A

Program

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4
Q

The individual lines of instruction.

A

Code

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5
Q

Refers to any program that makes a computer run – including operating systems and application programs.

A

Software

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6
Q

Allow you to be productive – to create documents or complete specific tasks such as creating a budget, removing red-eye from a photograph, searching the Internet or scheduling a meeting.

A

Application programs

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7
Q

•manages hardware devices, controls communication among hardware devices,
•controls communication between application programs and hardware devices, and
•manages files stored on the computer.

A

The operating system

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8
Q

It is a point where two systems (or people, or networks, or devices) meet and exchange information. Anytime you use a computer, join a network, or plug in a device, you communicate with it through an interface.

A

Interface

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9
Q

Also called as “gooey.” It lets you use menus and clickable buttons or icons to start programs, move files, or perform other tasks.

A

Graphical User Interface (GUI)

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10
Q

Are commercial software programs that are owned by an individual or a company, usually the person or company that created it.

A

Proprietary software

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11
Q

When you install software you must agree to the terms of the (EULA). In most cases the license agreement is quite restrictive.

A

End User License Agreement

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12
Q

It makes the source code of the software freely available and users are permitted to study, change, and distribute the software to anyone for any purpose.

A

Open-source software license

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13
Q

Examples of OPEN-SOURCE OPERATING SYSTEM

A

Linux
FreeBSD
Open BSD
ReactOS

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14
Q

It is one that is used on desktop and laptop computers and It offers many features, and provides a great deal of power and control over how the computer runs.

A

Desktop operating system

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15
Q

It refers to the specific code base that was used to develop the operating system.

A

Operating system version

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16
Q

It is the central place from which a user interacts with the computer.

A

Desktop

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17
Q

It is a free and open-source operating system.

A

Linux

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18
Q

You can find Linux installed on supercomputers – such as those used by Blank and Blank

A

Google and NASA

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19
Q

“distros” for short. Are versions of Linux

A

Distributions

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20
Q

It is associated with each account. Before you can run programs, open files or use the computer to accomplish any type of work, you must log on using a valid user account.

A

Account name (and usually a password)

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21
Q

Different types of accounts in windows:

A

Standard User Account
Administrator Account

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22
Q

Enables you to make changes to the system that will affect other users. It can change security settings, install and uninstall software and hardware, and create or make changes to other user accounts on the system.

A

Administrator Account

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23
Q

Enables you to use most of the capabilities of the computer. However, you can’t install or uninstall some software and hardware, you can’t delete files that are required for the computer to work, you can’t access other users’ files stored on the computer, and you can’t change settings that affect other users or the security of the computer.

A

Standard User Account

24
Q

It is a collection of settings that make the computer look and function in a particular manner. A profile includes settings for elements such as the Desktop background, lock screen, screen saver, pointer preferences, date and time format.

A

User profile

25
Q

The computer runs a set of self-diagnostic programs to ensure that critical hardware is working properly, and then it loads the operating system into memory.

A

Built-In Power Off Procedures

26
Q

It affects the way your computer uses energy.

A

Power options

27
Q

Clicking BLANK leaves the computer on, but puts it into a mode where it uses less power than when it is awake.

A

Sleep

28
Q

It is a mode that uses no power. It is useful if you will not be using your laptop for an extended period of time, but you do not want to close your documents.

A

Hibernate Mode

29
Q

The computer closes all files and programs, closes the operating system and turns off the power.

A

Shut Down

30
Q

Windows closes all open files and programs, exits the operating system and restarts the computer without turning off the power.

A

Restart

31
Q

These elements are part of BLANK, the Windows 10 personal assistant.

A

Cortana

32
Q

It is the area in Windows where you can access features to customize settings for devices on your system.

A

Control Panel

33
Q

Provides options for firewall settings, power options and file history (backups).

A

System and Security

34
Q

Set up or modify how your system connects to a network or the Internet, and to share files with others.

A

Network and Internet

35
Q

Set up or modify devices such as printers, speakers and monitors.

A

Hardware and Sound

36
Q

Provides access to system management tasks such as installing and uninstalling programs.

A

Program

37
Q

Provides options for setting the computer up to be used by more than one person

A

User Account

38
Q

Customize your screen with screen savers, desktop backgrounds, and so on.

A

Appearance and Personalization

39
Q

Change the format of dates, times, currency, or numbers to reflect regional standards or languages

A

Clock, Language, and Region

40
Q

Provides options for changing accessibility specifications, such as turning on voice recognition or altering visual displays.

A

Ease of Access

41
Q

Are optimized for touch screen technology, small screen size, fast file transfer, and accessing cellular networks

A

Mobile operating systems

42
Q

It is from GOOGLE, is based on Linux and is open-source. Android releases are named for sweet confections; for example, version 4.3 is Jelly Bean, 4.4 is KitKat, 5.x is Lollipop, and 6.x is Marshmallow. Releases prior to 2.0 were used exclusively on mobile phones. It has the largest install base in the world and runs on phones manufactured by a wide variety of vendors including Samsung, HTC, Google, Sony, Motorola and LG.

A

Android

43
Q

It is from Apple. It is closed-source and proprietary and is derived from OS X. The Apple iPhone, iPod Touch, iPad, and second-generation Apple TV all use iOS. In previous versions, you had to “jailbreak” your phone in order to install third-party apps.

A

iOS (previously known as iPhone OS)

44
Q

It is from Microsoft. It is closed-source and proprietary and it is integrated with Microsoft services such as OneDrive and Office, Xbox Music, Xbox Video, Xbox Live and Bing. Most Windows phone devices are made by Nokia, HTC and Samsung.

A

Windows 10 Mobile (formerly called Windows Phone)

45
Q

It displays until the user performs the required gesture, or enters the correct information (similar to entering your user account password in Windows).

A

Lock screen

46
Q

Unlock the phone by swiping the screen. This option provides no security.

A

Swipe

47
Q

You create a pattern by dragging your finger across a grid of dots, and you re-enter that pattern to unlock the phone. This is considered a medium-level security setting.

A

Pattern

48
Q

Set and then enter a personal identification number (PIN) of at least four digits. This option provides medium to high security.

A

PIN

49
Q

You create a password for unlocking the screen. This option provides high security.

A

Password

50
Q

You can use fingerprint recognition to unlock the screen. This option provides medium to high security.

A

Fingerprint

51
Q

You can set your phone to never use a lock screen.

A

None

52
Q

Displays new messages and emails notification, information about available software updates, and so on.

A

Notification icon

53
Q

Displays new messages and emails notification, information about available software updates, and so on.

A

Status Icon

54
Q

Bar across the top of the phone that displays the status icons (on the right side) and notification icons (on the left side).

A

Status Bar

55
Q

Shortcuts to installed apps. Tap once to launch the app.

A

App Shortcuts

56
Q

It is from BlackBerry and is closed-source and proprietary. It runs only on phones and tablets manufactured by BlackBerry.

A

BlackBerry 10

IT ERA (3 decks)

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