Preliminary1 Flashcards
Formation of initials, finals and tones
Syllables
Initials/Consonants
21
Final/Vowels
16
Tones
4
21
b p m f d t n l g k h j q x zh ch sh r z c S
16
a o e ie ai ei ao ou an en ang eng er i u ü
Tones
1st
2nd
3rd
4th
Neutral
-
1st
/
2nd
v
3rd
\
4th
Highest and longest
1st tone
Lowest
3rd
Mmmmm….
1st
What?
2nd
Uhhhhh…
3rd
No!
4th
Happy Birthday
Zhu ni SHENG RI kuai le
Merry Christmas
Zhu ni SHENG DAN kuai le
Happy new year
Zhu ni XIN NIAN kuai le
Congratulations
Gong xi
Have a prosperous new year!
Gong xi fa cai
Congrats on your graduation
Gong xi ni bi ye
Congrats on your engagement
Gong xi ni men ding hun
I (ako)
Wo
You (Ikaw)
Ni
He/She/It (siya)
Ta
We (kami)
woMEN
You (plural) (kayo)
niMEN
They (sila)
taMEN
Mine
woDE
Yours
niDE
His or hers
taDE
Theirs
taMenDe
Ours
WoMenDe
Yours (plural)
NiMenDe
Evolution of Chinese Script
Primitive stage
Archaic Stage
Neo-archaic Stage
Contemporary stage
Pictograph
Primitive stage
Ideograph
Archaic stage
Determinative phonetic character
Neo-archaic stage
Kai shu (standard script)
Contemporary stage
1950s PRC Simplified
2000 odd Chinese characters
Female
-
Child
-
Written character
-
House
-
Introducing self
Nin gui xing wo xing ni jiao shemme ming zi wo jiao \_\_\_ wo shi xue suing ren shi ni hen gao xing Xie xie
Surname
Gui xing
You call what name
Ni jiao shemme ming zi
Student
Xue shung
Glad to meet you
Ren shi ni hen gao xing
Couple
Fu fu
Map
Di tu
Service
Fu wu
Auntie
A yi
Hair
Tou fa
Grandma
Nai nai
Clothes
Yi fu
Younger sister
Mei mei
Chinese characters
Left to right
Top to bottom
Partial enclosure
All around enclosure
B
P
D
T
G
K
F
H
An
Ang
En
Eng
U
U
In
Ing
In
In
Ian
Iang
Ian
Uan
Ie
Ue
J
Zh
Q
Ch
X
Sh
R
L
Er
R
Zh
Ch
Sh
C
Ch
S
Sh
Z
Zh
Congratulations on your marriage?
Gong xi ni men Jie hun
I’m also fine
Wo ye hen hao
To learn how to read or to speak Mandarin, it is important to be familiar with its __
pronunciation
Some words or syllables have no tones as an exception; they are pronounced very lightly
Neutral tones
Flat high pitch
1st
Quick-rising pitch, from middle to high pitch
2nd
Dipping then rising pitch, from middle-low to middle-high pitch
3rd
Falling pitch, from high to low pitch
4th
In the late ___, a system using the Latin alphabet called __ was developed in China
1950s
Pinyin
It was a system that alphabetized the writing of Chinese characters by representing the spoken sounds of these characters
Pinyin
It was used to spell Chinese words in Western language newspapers and magazines or in Chinese language textbooks for foreigners
Pinyin
It stands for Chinese sounds which are quite different from English Sounds
Pinyin letters
It usually consists of a consonant followed by a vowel
Chinese graphs
A minister
Cang ji
Evolved from the simple pictures of every day life
Pictographs
Each character has only one syllable and conveys a complete idea
Pictographs
Earliest stage at which pictographs originated form sheet pictures of objects
Primitive stage
Stage which covers of periods of emergence to the completion of indirect symbols
Archaic stage
Period where it it finally completed its formal evolution
Neo-archaic
Stage of stability, which is still the normal script from and the basis of printing form used today
Contemporary stage
Basic strokes
24
Arrangement of words in a sentence thus become an important means in expressing various relations in grammar
Word order
It lacks inflectional endings used by other languages to express tenses, genre, number and case
Chinese language
Population
1.3 Bullion
Class is over
Xia ke
Character writing method which refers to the form and shape of things
Pictographs
Who invented the Chinese script
Emperor Huang Di
Stage of Chinese script wherein the structural evolution has reached the stage of perfection
Neo-archaic
Aspirated
P
Non-aspirated
G
