PRELIMINARY EXAM Flashcards
Basic and of paramount importance in any development at all times
Research
Which of the following are excellent sources for research topics?
Select one:
a.
Personal experience
b.
All of the above
c.
Replication of prior research
d.
Theory
All of the Above
Developing a researchable problem would not involve
Select one:
a.
Assessing the work involved
b.
Considering the time and resources available to you
c.
Bearing in mind your technical expertise in the area of research
d.
Deciding what statistical software to use
Deciding what statistical software to use
It is a statement about an area of concern, a condition to be improved, a difficulty to be eliminated, or a troubling question that exists in scholarly literature, theory or practice.
Select one:
a.
Research Methodology
b.
Research Culture
c.
Research Problem
d.
None of the above
Research Problem
The following are the sources of research problem EXCEPT:
a.
Stories
b.
Actual problems encountered
c.
Consultation
d.
Academic experience
Stories
Adopting ethical principles in research means _____.
Question 5Select one:
a.
The researcher is anonymous
b.
Selected informants give their consent
c.
Avoiding harm to the participants
d.
Deception is only used when necessary
Avoiding harm to the participants
Which of the following is a good way to find a research topic?
Select one:
a.
Getting idea from the expert
b.
Personal experience
c.
Considering the choice of method to use
d.
All of the above
All of the above
Which of the following is the most important for a researcher to consider when deciding on a research topic?
Select one:
a.
If they have adequate resources to research the topic.
b.
If the topic is researchable.
c.
How they feel about the topic.
d.
How many research journals will want to publish an article on the topic.
If the topic is researchable
-Analysis of an area of knowledge is one of the types of research
-A research project is one conducted by an individual in fullfilling the requirements for the confernment of an academic degree or title
a.
First statement is true and second statement is false
b.
First statement is false and second statement is true
c.
Both statements are true
d.
Both statements are false
Both statements are false
-A universe is of the elements of the research problem
-An Ex-post Facto is a type of research where the researcher tries to describe a problem.
a.
Both statements are false
b.
Both statements are true
c.
First statement is false and second statement is true
d.
First statement is true and second statement is false
First statement is true and second statement is false
What helps when developing a research problem?
Select one:
a.
A big budget
b.
Knowledge of the subject matter
c.
Formulating objectives
d.
Specific guidelines in other books
Knowledge of the subject matter
The formulation of research problem is the most crucial part of the research journey as the quantity and vanity of the project entirely depends upon it.
Select one:
a.
Does not say
b.
True
c.
False
d.
None of these
False
In research, it answers the question WHEN? When is the study to be carried out?
Select one:
a.
place or locale
b.
subject matter or topic
c.
period or time
d.
aim or purpose
Period or time
It is a problem that someone would like to research on.
Select one:
a.
Research Design
b.
Research Locale
c.
Research Problem
d.
Research Methodology
Research Problem
There are certain elements that a problem must possess before it becomes a research problem ready for investigation.
Select one:
a.
True
b.
Does not say
c.
False
d.
None of these
True
What is the reason for consulting encyclopedia, handbooks or reviews in the initial stages of identifying a research topic or problem?
Select one:
a.
One can interpret the results more readily.
b.
They are primary sources.
c.
They provide an overview of the issues related to a topic.
d.
They are readily available.
They provide an overview of the issues related to a topic.
We do ____ to improve the quality of our lives
Research
vital and essential to development
Research
viewed as the power that leades to discover answers to problems
Research
Research is derived from the prefix “____” which means repeat or again and “_____” which means to find out something or to look for something.
Re | Search
creation of new knowledge and/or the use of existing knowledge in a new and creative way so as to generate new concepts, methodologies and understandings.
Research
systematic study or investigation of something for the purpose of answering questions posed by the researchers. It is an organized ans systematic way of finding answers to questions
Research
to do good
Beneficence
Non-Maleficence
To do no harm
Freedom from any physical & psychological harm
Beneficence and Non-Maleficence
Freedom from exploitation
Beneficence and Non-Maleficence
The right to self determination
The right to full disclosure
Anonymity and confidentiality
Respect for human dignity
Informed consent is one of the Ethical Principles and Guidelines for Researchers
True or False:
True
Justice and Fairness is one of the Ethical Principles and Guidelines for Researchers
True or False:
True
there are interrelated steps or procedures a researcher has to observe in solving a problem. It follows an orderly and sequential procedure that leads to the discovery of truth , solutions of a problem or whatever is aimed to be discovered
Systematic
not based on guesswork. This is because empirical data have to be gathered by the researcher before making any conclusions or proposing any solution to an identified difficulty or problem. All findings and conclusions are logically based on empirical data and no effort is made to alter the result of the research.
Objective
all the procedures employed and the data gathered are perceived in the same manner bt all observers. Generalizations are drawn by the researcher upon hard evidence gathered from information collected from the real life experiences and observations
Empirical
if a researcher is serious about understanding a phenomenon, he has to examine and analyze all its aspects or angles before making a generalization or conclusions
Comprehensive
this means that procedures employed by the researcher must be able to withstand critical scrutiny by other researchers. Data should be analyzed critically so that there is no error in the interpretation.
Critical
procedures to be followed in solving a problem should be relevant, appropriate, justified, and strictly observed.
Rigorous
whenever a researcher formulates conclusions, these are based on actual findings
Valid
other researchers can check on the correctness of its results by relocating the study based on the methods and procedures employed by the researcher
Verifiable
one conducted by an individual in fulfilling the requirements for the conferment of an academic title/degree
Academic research
type of research undertaken by an individual/group of individuals as part of their professional work/assignment
Research project
done for the purpose of formulating a theory, principle, or law with no intended application of results
Pure or theoretical research
inquiry to test or evaluate a theory or knowledge arrived at, in the solution of a problem or for useful ends
Applied or practical research
type of research endeavors to describe systematically, factually, accurately and objectively a situation, problem or phenomenon. It seeks to describe “what is”
Descriptive research
the investigator tries to probe the significance of relationship between two or more factors/characteristics
Correlation/Associational Research
the researcher seeks to clarify how and why a relationship exists between two or more aspects of a situation or phenomenon (ex: why low morale can lead to low productivity)
Explanatory research
undertaken when the investigator is after probing or exploring areas where little is known about the research problem. Feasibility and pilot studies fail under this type of research
Exploratory research
one probes into the cause of an effect by exposing one or more experimental groups to one or more treatments/conditions
Experimental research
one delves into analyzing the possible effect of a factor which cannot be manipulated and controlled.
Ex-Post Facto/Causal-Comparative Research
the researcher attempts to reconstruct the past objectively and accurately or to explain an incident that happened in the past with the use of data taken from the past
Historical Research
type of research is done when the researcher is concerned with explaining or describing a phenomenon holistically with the use of multiple data collection techniques
Ethnographic research
attempts to systematically recapture the complex nuances, the people, meanings, events, and even ideas of the past that have been influenced and shaped the present
Historical Research
systematically study of people, institutions, or social phenomena using measurement techniques such as surveys, interviews, focus groups, ethnography, or comprehensive analysis of texts.
Sociological research
type of systematic investigation that applies empirical methods to solving challenges in education, it adopts rigorous and well-defined scientific processes in order to gather and analyze data for problem-solving and knowledge advancement
Educational research
refers to research that psychologists conduct for systematic study for analysis of the experiences and behavior of individuals or groups. Their research can have educational, occupational and clinical applications
Psychological research
involves research in a wide range of fields, such as biology, chemistry, pharmacology and toxicology with the goal of developing new medicine or medical procedures or improving the application of those already available
Medical research
research begins with an idea in which the researcher has interest
Idea generating phase
as the idea in the first phase are very general/vague, you have to redefine it
Problem definition phase
after identifying the problem and hypothesis, decide on the methods and procedures you will use in the collection and analysis of data
Procedure design phase
after preparing the research plan, you have to proceed gathering the data from the subjects of the study. It is in the phase where the procedures devised in the previous step, are implemented by you rigorously
Data collection phase
having analyzed the data, you continue makes sense out of them by interpreting the results
Interpretation phase
after completing data analysis and interpretation, prepare a written report
Communication phase
A problem that someone would like to research on or perhaps that which a person finds unsatisfactory or unsettling: a difficulty of some sort, or a state of affairs that needs to be changes
Research Problem
statement about an area of concern, a condition to be improved, a difficulty to be eliminated, or a troubling question that exist in scholarly literature, in theory, or in practice that points to the need for meaningful understanding and deliberate
Research Problem
this answers the questions WHY? Why is there an investigation, inquiry, or study
Aim or purpose
This answers the question WHAT? What is to be investigated?
Subject matter or topic
where the research is to be conducted. This answers the question WHERE? Where is the study to be conducted?
Place or locale
the study during which the data are to be gathered. This answers the question WHEN? When is the study to be carried out.
Period or time
This answers the question WHO? or from WHOM? Who are the respondents? From whom are tha data to be gathered.
Population or universe
typically asks “is there a difference between two groups or two or more treatments?” this type of question is used when the researcher compares two or more observations
What type of research question is that
relationship/different
Different research question
what is the relationship between two or more variables” and implies a correlation design
What type of research question is that
relationship/different
Relationship research question
In writing the title, we must use the term “An analysis….. A study of….”
True or False
False
