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Environmental Science > Preliminary > Flashcards

Preliminary Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Science

A

Latin words

Socio or Scire
Scientia

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2
Q

Meaning to know

A

Socio or scire

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3
Q

Meaning knowledge

A

Scientia

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4
Q

Method of obtaining knowledge

A

Science

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5
Q

Pursuit of knowledge

A

Pure science

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6
Q

Systematic study of natural or physical phenomena by observation and experiment, scientific knowledge, critical testing and review

A

Pure science

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7
Q

Search of practical uses of this scientific knowledge

A

Applied science

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8
Q

Technology

A

Applied science

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9
Q

Application of applied science

A

Technology

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10
Q

Study of anything with life

A

Biological sciences

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11
Q

Living components

A

Biotic factors

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12
Q

Biotic

A

Biological sciences

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13
Q

Deals with non-living components

A

Abiotic factors

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14
Q

Science of matter and energy apart from life

A

Physical science

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15
Q

Abiotic factor

A

Physical science

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16
Q

Anything that occupies space and has mass (not weight)

A

Matter

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17
Q

Affected by the pull of gravity

A

Weight

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18
Q

Energy at rest

A

Potential energy

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19
Q

Energy in motion

A

Kinetic energy

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20
Q

Sun

A

Solar energy

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21
Q

Water

A

Hydrothermal energy

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22
Q

Earth

A

Geothermal energy

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23
Q

Science/study of plants

A

Botany

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24
Q

Science/study of animals

A

Zoology

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25
Q

Older science

A

Astronomy

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26
Q

Used in ancient times

A

Astronomy

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27
Q

Compass/Constellation/Navigation

A

Astronomy

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28
Q

Study of earth

A

Geology

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29
Q

Science that deals with the study of the internal structure of earth

A

Geology

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30
Q

Science of universe

A

Astronomy

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31
Q

Science of natural phenomena

A

Physics

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32
Q

Study of matter, force and energy

A

Physics

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33
Q

Science of matter, its properties and classification

A

Chemistry

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34
Q

Nature of Science

A

Science
Is uncertain/uncertainty
Is always changing
Is collaborative

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35
Q

One cannot observe directly

A

Uncertainty

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36
Q

New evidence may change ideas or facts, new tools and techniques often provide such evidence

A

Always changing

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37
Q

Einstein’s Relativity Theory

A

E= mc2

Energy, mass, speed of light,

3 x -108 m/s

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38
Q

Western nation, Home for the Aged nurse trend

A

Greying population

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39
Q

Usually a discovery or invention is efforts of a team of scientists. Often they share their works to others for review

A

Collaborative

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40
Q

Importance of Science

A

Basic to understanding how things work
Information through this has helped make life better for many people in our modern world
Explains how principles of dynamics facilitates human lives (Physics)

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41
Q

Modern day life span

A 
Male= 65 years
Female= 67 years
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42
Q

Main Division of Science

A

Physical Science
Biological Science
Social Science

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43
Q

Deals with the study of matter, and energy apart from life

A

Physical science

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44
Q

Deals with the study of anything with life

A

Biological science

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45
Q

Deals with the study of human behavior, activity and way of life

A

Social science

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46
Q

Social science subjects

A 
Political science
Economics
Ethics 
Logic
Theology
Psychology 
Philosophy 
Sociology
Anthropology
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47
Q

Making of observation and experiments and later using the data obtained to formulate general principles

A

Scientific method

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48
Q

Makers of science use this in order to construct knowledge

A

Scientific method

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49
Q

Steps

A 
Identifying the problem
Gathering of data
Formulation of hypothesis
Experimentation
Conclusion
Verification of Conclusion
Generalizations
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50
Q

Problem should be

A

Clear, concise, measurable, not broad but specific

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51
Q

Scientific guess

A

Hypothesis

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52
Q

Uneducated/unintelligent guess

A

Hypothesis

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53
Q

Must be answerable by yes or no

A

Hypothesis

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54
Q

Testing the hypothesis

A

Experimentation

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55
Q

Is it right? If not, go back to experimentation

A

Verification of conclusion

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56
Q

Ready to announce the word/public announcement/publish

A

Generalization

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57
Q

Earth is round

A

Christopher Columbus

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58
Q

Tentative explanation or idea about how things work

A

Hypothesis

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59
Q

Guides you in further work to get a better answer

A

Hypothesis

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60
Q

Speculation

A

Hypothesis

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61
Q

Explanation of general principles of certain phenomena with considerable facts to support it

A

Theory

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62
Q

Remains valid only if every new piece of information supports it

A

Theory

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63
Q

If a single piece of available information does not support theory

A

Their proposed DISPROVED

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64
Q

Indisputable (beyond doubt) truth

A

Fact

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65
Q

Death of star and sun

A

Black hole

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66
Q

Strong gravity, no one can get out

A

Black hole

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67
Q

Conclusion it general truth, which are established with certainty by inference from and apparently true facts

A

Law or principle

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68
Q

Divisions of Pure Science

A

Biological science

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69
Q

Branches of Biological Science

A

Botany

Zoology

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70
Q

Branches of Physical Science

A

Astronomy
Geology
Physics
Chemistry

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71
Q

Systematized bodies of knowledge into facts

A

Science

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72
Q

Categories of science

A

Pure science

Applied science

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73
Q

Data

A

Books journal magazine survey direct interview focus group discussion

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74
Q

Must have evidence or else

A

Theory

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75
Q

It deals with nature how to preserve

A

Environmental science

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76
Q

Deals with the study of our environment Either globally or locally and it’s living and non-living components

A

Environmental science

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77
Q

It is a composite entity incorporating the different fields of science such as

A

Environmental science

Natural science
Social science
Other sciences

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78
Q

Biotic ex

A

Plants

Animals

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79
Q

Abiotic ex

A

Water
Sunlight
Wind

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80
Q

Broad term encompasses all that surrounds us

A

Environment

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81
Q

The material world in Wil high we love and all the living things that are produced by people

A

Environment

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82
Q

Aspects of environmental science

A

Environmental

Biology
Forestry
Agriculture
Economics
Education
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83
Q

Safeguard the environment or else

A

Natural calamities

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84
Q

It has its own carrying capacity

A

Planet Earth

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85
Q

Asteroids

A

October 12

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86
Q

Shooting star

A

Bulalakaw

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87
Q

Importance of environmental science

A

Improved knowledge and understanding of the environment and the processes
Exposure on environmental problems
Values and appreciation for managing our environment
Sustainable development

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88
Q

Environmental issues

A 
Deforestation
Illegal logging (wood, paper)
Calcium, carbonate, limestone= paper
  1. Population growth
  2. Global climate change
  3. Premature extinction of plants/animals
  4. Pollution
  5. Poverty
    Resource depletion
    Waste (e-waste, leachate)
    Wildfires
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89
Q

Development that meets the need of the present generation without compromising the ability of future generation to meet their own needs

A

Sustainable development

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90
Q

Symbol of development

A

Circle

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91
Q

Attain SD

A

Mining rehabilitation

Using renewable resources in harmony with ecological systems to produce a rice in real income per person and an improved standard of living for everyone

Increased awareness that the environmental precautions are essential for continued economic development over the long run

Conserve our resources and manage them the right way

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92
Q

Sunlight

A

Perpetual

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93
Q

Mineral deposits

A

Non-Renewable

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94
Q

Measures of Population growth

A

RH BILL

Contraceptives

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95
Q

Fluid coming from the septic tank

A

Leachate

Pozo Negro

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96
Q

Wildfires casualties

A

Mt. Banahaw

Bohol

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97
Q

Science contributed a great deal in our society, that without science, we won’t have everything that we saw and used today

A

Science and its impact on the society

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98
Q

It is concerned with evidence and theory

A

Science

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99
Q

It is a field of systematic inquiry

A

Science

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100
Q

Study of interaction/interrelationship between and among the living and non-living part of the environment

A

Ecology

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101
Q

Scientific study of the distribution and abundance of life and the interactions between organisms and their environment

A

Ecology

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102
Q

It was coined by German Biologist

A

Ernst Haeckel in 1866

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103
Q

Comprehensive science of the relationship of the organism to the environment

A

Ecology

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104
Q

Considered as the branch of biology

A

Ecology

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105
Q

The view of an organism in its home

A

Ecology

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106
Q

Ecology came from

A

Greek word

Oikos
Logos

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107
Q

Oikos

A

Household

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108
Q

Logos

A

Knowledge

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109
Q

Tools

A

Axe, Spear

Knife, Cutter, Automatic

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110
Q

Ethics

A

Barbarian

Social

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111
Q

Religion

A

Pagans

Christian

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112
Q

Work

A

None

Many

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113
Q

Medicine

A

Natural resources, spirits, shaman

Synthetic drugs, natural drugs, doctors

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114
Q

Forest

A

Abundant

Few

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115
Q

Natural resources

A

Plenty

Scarce

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116
Q

Houses

A

Huts, Caves, Trees

Concrete, Buildings

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117
Q

Hobbies

A

Making tools, Hunting

Tv, reading

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118
Q

Food

A

From the natural resources

Scarce

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119
Q

Population

A

Less

Overpopulated

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120
Q

The sum of all factor acting on an organism or community of organism

A

Environment

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121
Q

Anything that surrounds an organism

A

Environment

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122
Q

The study of interactions among physical, chemical, and biological components of the environment

A

Environmental science

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123
Q

Provides an integrated, quantitative and interdisciplinary approach to the study of the environmental system

A

Environmental science

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124
Q

It encompasses issues such as

A 
Conservation
Ground water contamination 
Biodiversity
Water quality
Use of natural resources 
Waste management 
Sustainable development 
Air pollution 
Noise pollution
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125
Q

Two different fields of study although there are some overlap due to the multidisciplinary bay re of environmental science

A

Ecology and Environmental science

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126
Q

Branches of ecology

A 
Ecophysiology
Behavioral ecology
Popular ecology
Community ecology
Ecoystem ecology 
System ecology
Landscape ecology
Evolutionary ecology
Political ecology
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127
Q

Food chain

A

Grass-Insect-Frog-Snake-Man–grass
100%. W10%. 1%. 0.01 %.
Ecosystem ecology

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128
Q

Interlocking food chain

A

Food web

Overlapping

129
Q

Ecology vs Environment

A

Relationships between organisms and their environment

Anything that surrounds an organism

130
Q

Two ways to learn about the environment/Approaches in the study of the environment

A

Reductionist or piece-meal approach

Holistic approach

131
Q

Whole

A

Holistic

132
Q

Major supplier of our resources

A

Environment

133
Q

Fossil fuel

A

Coal

Petroleum

134
Q

Coal emits

A

Toxic gases S02 (Sulfur Dioxide)

Hg (Mercury)

135
Q

Biological mass

A

Biomass

Food pyramid

136
Q

Components in order to have a stable environment/ three major groups of living organisms/ecosystem

A

Producer
Consumer
Decomposer

137
Q

How will you know our environment is products be and self-sustainable?

A

Last page

138
Q

House where organisms reside

A

Planet earth

139
Q

When a problem affects the environment, it also affects the organism that love there because of the interrelationships

A

It is necessary study the environment because every organism is somehow affected by the environment in order the life will exist abundantly

140
Q

Ecology is important to human beings in two ways

A

Provide us with the knowledge that we have to deal effectively with environmental considerations

Human beings affect and are affected by the environment

141
Q

Subdivision of ecology

A

Autecology

Synecology

142
Q

Deals with study of the individual organism it’s life history, behavior, characteristics, and it’s adaptation to the environment

A

Autecology

143
Q

Deals with the study of groups of organisms which are associated as a unit in relation to its environment

A

Synecology

144
Q

Except the simple forms is organized into different levels from cells to organism or species

A

Life

145
Q

Part of the earth that supports life

A

Biosphere

146
Q

Top portion of te earth’s crust

A

Biosphere

147
Q

All the waters that cover the Earth’s surface

A

Biosphere

148
Q

Atmosphere that surrounds earth

A

Biosphere

149
Q

Biosphere

A

Atmosphere
Ecosphere
Hydrosphere
Lithosphere

150
Q

All the organisms living in an area and the nonliving features of their environment

A

Ecosystem

151
Q

Land

A

Lithosphere

152
Q

Water

A

Hydrosphere

153
Q

All the organisms in an ecosystems that belong to the same species

A

Population

154
Q

Air

A

Atmosphere

155
Q

Ecological system

Forest

A

Ecosphere

156
Q

All the populations in an ecosystem

A

Community

157
Q

3 kinds of interaction in an ecosystem

A

Abiotic-abiotic interaction
Biotic-biotic interactions
Biotic-abiotic interactions

158
Q

Relationship among physical factors in the environment

A

Abiotic-abiotic interaction

159
Q

Relationship among biotic factors in the community

A

Biotic-Biotic Interactions

160
Q

Relationship between living and non-living things in a community

A

Biotic-abiotic factor

161
Q

Living organisms

A

Biological components

162
Q

Green plants

A

Producers

163
Q

Self nourishing organisms

A

Autotrophic

164
Q

Animals that obtain their food by eating plants and other animals

A

Consumers

165
Q

They can’t produce their own food

A

Heterotrops

166
Q

Plant eaters only

A

Herbivores

167
Q

Feed only on animals

A

Carnivore

168
Q

Feed on both plants and animals

A

Omnivores

169
Q

Feed only on dead plants and animal residue

A

Detrivores

170
Q

Also hetertrops but they feed on dead organic materials

A

Decomposers

171
Q

Decomposers more specifically called

A

Saprotrophs

172
Q

They include fungi and molecules of litter, wastes and remains of both producers and consumers

A

Decomposers

173
Q

Heterotrops

A

Herbivores
Carnivores
Omnivores
Detrivores

174
Q

Non-living environment

A

Abiotic components

175
Q

3 factors of abiotic components

A

Climatic
Edaphic
Topographic

176
Q

Climatic

A

Light
Temperature
Rainfall
Wind

177
Q

Edaphic

A

Soil
Nutrient content
Acidity
Moisture content

178
Q

Topographic

A

Slope

Altitude

179
Q

Ecology vs Environmental Science

A

Study of interrelations of living organisms whether at the population, community or ecosystem level, and of the relationships between organisms and their environment

Broad are of study encompassing both biological and physical concepts including diverse areas such as geology, argronomy, meteorology, atmospheric chemistry, soil chemistry, water chemistry.

These areas of study are integrated and applied to address issues such as water quality, air quality and soil quality

180
Q

The meaning of ecology in our life

A

We must know the connection of organism in relation to his environment and know about organism

181
Q

Organisms are made up of what we call

A

Biological spectrum

182
Q

The biological spectrum and 4 basic implications

A
  1. Life begins with a mass of protoplasm and operates within the biosphere, it follows a continuous pattern.
  2. There is an increasing complexity as one proceeds from one level to another.
  3. The levels of organization are interrelated with one another. One cannot exist without the other.

a. No cell without the protoplasm
b. No Tissue without the cell

  1. The interrelationship of these different levels show the organisms are dependent on one another. No organism lives alone
183
Q

Who would beg to differ?

A 
LIFE begins with
PROTOPLASM that is the basic structure of
CELL that becomes a 
TISSUE a group of tissue becomes an
ORGAN that becomes an
ORGAN SYSTEM that turns into
ORGANISMS and finally a 
POPULATION that comes into
COMMUNITY and because of its relationship produces an
ECOSYSTEM that becomes the 
BIOSPHERE
EARTH
184
Q

Examines how the physiological functions of organisms influence the way they interact with the environment, both biotic and abiotic

A

Ecophysiology

185
Q

Examines the roles of behavior in enabling an animal to adapt to its environment

A

Behavioral ecology

186
Q

Studies the dynamics of populations of a single species

A

Population ecology

187
Q

Focuses on the interactions between species within an ecological community

A

Community ecology

188
Q

Studies the flows of energy and matter through the biotic and abiotic components of the ecosystem

A

Ecosystem ecology

189
Q

Interdisciplinary field focusing on the study,development and organization of ecological systems from holistic perspective

A

System ecology

190
Q

Examines the process and relationship across the multiple ecosystems or very large geographic areas

A

Landscape ecology

191
Q

Studies ecology in a way that explicitly considers the evolutionary histories of species and their interactions

A

Evolutionary ecology

192
Q

Connects politics and economy to problems of environmental control and ecological change

A

Political ecology

193
Q

Subdivisions according to fields of interests

A

Plant ecology
Insect ecology
Animal ecology

194
Q

It is an interdisciplinary/integrated science which involves:

A 
Physics
Chemistry
Biology
Geology 
Geography
Demography
Engineering 
Management
Economics 
Politics
Ethics
195
Q

We use the knowledge of our ___, how it affects us, how we affect them, how to deal with environmental problems

A

Physio-chemical
Biological
Social aspects

Of environment

196
Q

Man

A 
Political
Socio-Economics
Biological
Physiochemical
Geological
Physiography
197
Q

Aspects of environmental science

A 
Environmental biology
Environmental forestry
Environmental agriculture 
Environmental engineering
Environmental economics
Environmental education
198
Q

Living organisms, how they organize, how they interact with the environment

A

Environmental boil

199
Q

Example of environmental biology

A

Marine biology, agriculturist

200
Q

Study of the forest

A

Environmental forestry

201
Q

Concerned with pesticides, food chain, water resources, nutrient of the soul

A

Environmental agriculture

202
Q

Deals on organic wastes

A

Environmental engineering

203
Q

Genetic engineering

A

Environmental engineering

204
Q

Deals with the economy, resources, the effect of mining activities, human activities

A

Environmental economics

205
Q

Views education as a process influencing the minds of young people

A

Environmental education

206
Q

Interest group

A

Reductionist or piece-meal approach

207
Q

Concerned with specific topic

A

Reductionist or piece-meal approach

208
Q

Example of Reductionist or piece-meal approach

A

Environmentalist, Conservationalist

209
Q

A group of NGO that believed that some areas should be left as it is

A

Preservationalist

210
Q

They believed that “Nature Knows best”

A

Preservationalist

211
Q

Human management was generally harmful to natural resources

A

Preservationalist

212
Q

Made up of bikers, hikers, wilderness and national park supporters

A

Preservationalist

213
Q

A group that believed human kind can manage nature through the intelligent use of science

A

Conservationalist

214
Q

They are considered as land dispoilers of preservationist

A

Conservationalist

215
Q

Members/Examples of conservationist

A

Fish and wildlife groups

Foresters

216
Q

Meaning it must be sustainable and must have integrity shown by the governance

A

Holistic approach

217
Q

Short term management plan

A

Holistic approach

218
Q

Define as anything we obtained from the environment to meet human needs and wants

A

Resources

219
Q

Meaning forever

A

Perpetual

220
Q

Meaning it can be developed or redeveloped

A

Renewable

221
Q

Cannot be replaced

A

Non Renewable

222
Q

Can affect and certainly an issue

A

Population

223
Q

World population growth according to some studies

A

High exponentially at a rate of 1:28% per year a

224
Q

Bad effect of population

A

Threatens our economic activities, support system or labor force
Pollution
Environmental degradation

225
Q

Good effect

A

More labor force and consumers

Increasing resources- by using pressures in land, seas

226
Q

Change in temperature because of gases

A

Global climate change

227
Q

Examples of global climate challenge

A 
C02 and CO= as burn fuel 
N02 in factories 
CFC's= air conditioners, aerosols
O3= anthropogenic: due or part of the green house effect
Inc. temperature because of UV,radiation
228
Q

Animal killings/plants

A

Premature extinction of plants/animals

229
Q

Overuse

A

Premature extinction of plants/animals

230
Q

Because of the increase rate in resources additional pollutants

A

Pollution

231
Q

Actors of the environment

A 
Ecologist
Environmental scientist
Conservation biologist
Environmentalist
Preservationists 
Conversationists
Restorationists
232
Q

Biologists who study the relation between organisms and their environment

A

Ecologist

233
Q

Person who studies the interaction between biological and physical concepts of the environment

A

Environmental scientist

234
Q

Scientist who studies the effects of humans on the environment and with the conservation of biological diversity

A

Conversation biologist

235
Q

The person who studies the interaction between biological and physical concepts of the environment

A

Environmental scientist

236
Q

Scientist who studies the effects of humans on the environment and with the conservation of biological diversity

A

Conservation biologists

237
Q

The person who advocates/protect the environment from disasters, pollution or any bad effects cause by humans

A

Environmentalists

238
Q

A group of NGO that believed some areas should be lefts as it is

A

Preservationists

239
Q

A group that believed that human kind can manage nature through the intelligent use of science

A

Conservationist

240
Q

A scientist who restores/renovate the environment

A

Restorationist

241
Q

Environmental properties

A 
Productivity
Stability
Sustainability
Biodiversity
Equitability
242
Q

The primary indicator is plenty of production and the biomass of an area is increased

A

Productivity

243
Q

Ability of the environment to maintain/receive the minor disturbances in time

A

Stability

244
Q

Stable production meaning stable system

A

Stability

245
Q

Ability of the environment to have a continuous production in spite and despite of major disturbances

A

Sustainability

246
Q

Example of productivity

A

We call the land area or plant areas- Phytomass

Determine by the number of production- Kg of rice/area

In animals- called Zoomass
Example: tons of fish/area

247
Q

Example of sustainability

A

Major harvest despite of nature destruction

248
Q

Meaning the richness of species an area is an indication

A

Biodiversity

249
Q

A diverse system is a stable system

A

Biodiversity

250
Q

Example of biodiversity

A

Species diversity
Genetic diversity
Diverse niches

251
Q

Mixed cropping less competition

A

Species diversity

252
Q

Inheritable characteristics, more gene pool mean stability

A

Genetic diversity

253
Q

Meaning equal access to the resources

A

Equitability

254
Q

It shows how each living thing gets it’s food

A

Food chain

255
Q

They are called producers

A

Plants

256
Q

They are able to use light energy from the sun to produce food (sugar) from carbon dioxide and water

A

Plants

257
Q

Cannot make their own food so they must eat plants/other animals

A

Animals

258
Q

They are called consumers

A

Animals

259
Q

Groups of consumers

A

3

260
Q

Animals that eat only plants

A

Herbivores

Primary consumers

261
Q

Some animals also eat __ and some animals eat other __

A

Plants

Animals

262
Q

For example, a simple food chain links the trees and shrubs, the giraffes that eat trees and shrubs and lions that eat the giraffes

A

Each link in this chain is food for the next link

263
Q

A food chain always starts with the ___ and end with __

A

plant life

animal

264
Q

Animals that eat other animals

A

Carnivores

265
Q

Carnivores that eat herbivores

A

Secondary consumers

266
Q

Carnivores that eat other carnivores

A

Tertiary consumers

267
Q

Tertiary consumers

A

Killer whales in an ocean food web-phytoplankton-small fishes-seals-killer whales

268
Q

Animals and people who both eat animals and plants

A

Omnivores

269
Q

Decomposers

A

Bacteria and Fungi

270
Q

Feed on decaying matter

A

Decomposers

271
Q

Speed up the decaying process that releases mineral salts back into the food chain for absorption by plants as nutrients

A

Decomposer

272
Q

There are more __ than __

A

Herbivores

Carnivores

273
Q

Energy is passed from one link to another

A

Food chain

274
Q

When a herbivore eats

A

Only a fraction of the energy (that it gets from the plant food) becomes a new body mass

The rest of the energy is lost as waste or used up by the herbivore to carry out its life processes

275
Q

Life processes

A

Movement
Digestion
Production

276
Q

When the herbivore is eaten by a carnivore

A

Passes only a small amount of total energy that it has received to the carnivore

Of the energy transferred from the herbivore to the carnivore (waste or used up) by the carnivore

277
Q

It has to eat many herbivores to get enough energy to grow

A

Carnivores

278
Q

The further along the food chain you go

A

The less food (and hence energy) remains available

279
Q

Most food chains

A

No more than four or five links

280
Q

There cannot be too many links in a single food chain

A

Animals at the end of the chain would not get enough food (and hence energy to stay alive)

281
Q

Part of more than one food chain

A

Most animals

282
Q

Fresh air

A

Renewable

283
Q

Fertile soil

A

Renewable

284
Q

Plants

A

Renewable

285
Q

Animals

A

Renewable

286
Q

Solar energy

A

Perpetual

287
Q

Flowing water

A

Perpetual

288
Q

Wind

A

Perpetual

289
Q

Fossil fuel

A

Non-Renewable

290
Q

Fuel

A

Non-Renewable

291
Q

No of metals

A

Non Renewable

292
Q

Clay

A

Non Renewable

293
Q

Sand

A

Non-Renewable

294
Q

Phosphate

A

Non-Renewable

295
Q

Eat more than one kind of food in order to meet their food and energy requirements

A

Most animals

296
Q

Interconnected food chain

A

Food web

297
Q

Change in the size of one population

A

Affect other populations

298
Q

Helps maintain the balance of plant and animal populations within a community

A

Interdependence of the population within a food chain

299
Q

Food webs organized into three CATEGORIES

A

Tropic levels

300
Q

Three primary Trophic Levels

A

Producers
Consumers
Decomposers

301
Q

Organisms that can make their own organic compounds or food using simple inorganic compounds

A

Producers

302
Q

Sometimes allow autotrophs

A

Producers

Self-feeders

303
Q

Organisms in this trophic level survive by eating dead organisms

A

Decomposers or Detritivores

304
Q

Feed directly on dead plants and animals

A

Earthworms

305
Q

These organisms convert dead organisms to simpler substances that are then digested even further by other __

A

Decomposers

Bacteria and fungi

306
Q

Unlike organisms in the consumer (producer part of the food web) they are extremely efficient feeders

A

Decomposers or Detritivores

307
Q

They can rework the remains of dead organisms progressively extracting more and more energy

A

Decomposers or Detritivores

308
Q

Eventually the waste materials re broken down into simple inorganic chemicals

A

Decomposers or Detritivores

Water
Carbon dioxide
Simple nutrients

309
Q

The nutrients may then be reused by the primary producers in the lowest part of the food web

A

Decomposers or Detritivores

310
Q

Very active inside the compost likes where kitchen wastes are converted into soil conditioner

A

Decomposer food web

311
Q

Active in all natural ecosystems

A

Decomposers or Detritivores

312
Q

Food chain vs food web

A

One path of energy

Everything is connected

313
Q

Organisms in a food chain are grouped into

A

Tropic level.

314
Q

From the __ word, they are based on how many links they a re removed from the primary producers

A

Greek word: trophics= nourishment

315
Q

May consist of either a single species or a group of species that are presumed to share both predators and prey

A

Trophic levels

316
Q

Level

A 
\_\_ consumer (Carnivore)
⬆️
Tertiary Consumer  (Carnivore-Carnivore)
⬆️
Secondary Consumer  (Carnivore- Carnivore)
⬆️
Primary Consumer (Herbivore-Zooplankton)
⬆️
Primary Producer (Plant-Phytoplankton)
317
Q

Too many giraffes

A

Insufficient trees and shrubs

Many giraffes will starve and die

318
Q

Fewer giraffes

A

More time for tree and shrubs to grow to mature and multiply
Less food is available= less food for lions to eat-starve to death
Fewer lions= giraffe population will increase

319
Q

Fresh Water

A

Renewable

Environmental Science (4 decks)

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