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Swimming > Preliminary 2 > Flashcards

Preliminary 2 Flashcards

1
Q

The whole physical makeup

A

Terrestrial living

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2
Q

Simply suffocation in the water

A

Drowning

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3
Q

When water closes over the mouth and nose and people are in such a position or condition that they cannot surface to breath

A

Drowning

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4
Q

Will equip a person with major defense against drowning and will enhance enjoyment of the aquatic environment

A

Learning how to swim
When and where to swim
Prepared for the hazards of the aquatic environment

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5
Q

Dictates the swimming season to all but the exceptional swimmers

A

Temperature and weather condition

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6
Q

When water ranges in this temperature, it is apparently most inviting to man

A

70-78 degrees

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7
Q

Quick plunge taken immediately upon rising can provide real pleasure and exhilaration to the individual who can stand the shock of cool air and cool water and who reacts well to the experience

A

Morning dip

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8
Q

Do not naturally belong in the water

A

Human beings

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9
Q

Also a thrilling experience and no one who has ever enjoyed a cooling dip just before retiring on a still hot night can easily forget its pleasant qualities. The length of a tome a person may stay in the water without ill effect is governed by the sense of physical comfort

A

Starlight dip or night swim

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10
Q

A large percent of drowning usually occurs early in the _ when individuals _ decide to take the first swim of the year

A

Swimming season

Young boys

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11
Q

Threading

A

Scissor
Frog
Bicycle

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12
Q

Types of swimming areas exist

First principles of water safety

A

Old swimming hole to the modern natatorium

Choose a safe place to swim

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13
Q

A reasonable safe place is one at which hazards are minimal/ Where to swim:

A

The water should be clear and free from pollution
The bottom should be sloped gently toward deep water
The bottom should be composed of firm sand
There should be no slit
Area should be free from dangerous marine life
Beach area free from glass and debris
Deck, piers, rafts should be of sturdy construction
Swimming areas with strong currents should be avoided

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14
Q

They must confine their activities to areas in which they may be quickly reached if anything goes wrong

A

Weak or novice swimmers

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15
Q

Three conditions of personal danger:

A

Panic
Exhaustion
Cramping

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16
Q

Hazards in Aquatic Environment:

A 
Panic
Exhaustion
Cramps
Waves
Currents
Dangerous marine life
Weeds
Jellyfish and Portuguese man-of-war
Cone shells and sea urchins 
Fire coral
Stingrays
Aquatic predators
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17
Q

Shark, barracudas, moray ells, and other predators all can produce severe bite wounds

A

Aquatic predators

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18
Q

Normally docile but can inflict a puncture wound and inject toxic venom from the barbed spines at the base of tail

A

Stingrays

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19
Q

Smooth, mustard-yellow coral injects venom through stinging cells and produces multiple sharp cuts, which are contaminated by particle of broken off calcareous materials

A

Fire coral

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20
Q

Type of mollusk related to the snail and has complicated apparatus for injecting venom through a puncture wound

A

Cone shells and Sea Urchins

21
Q

Occasionally, this a plague for some beach areas in large numbers. The tentacles of some varieties may cause reactions such as shock, cramps, nausea, and respiratory difficulty

A

Jellyfish and Portuguese man-of war

22
Q

They are not serious menace to the swimmers. There is danger, however to the experience person who unknowingly doves of swim into patches of weeds and become entangled

A

Weeds

23
Q

Simple loss of energy and resultant inability to the necessary movements to keep afloat and make progress through the water.

A

Exhaustion

24
Q

These conditions may be brought about by entering the water when overtired from prior physical activities, overexertion in swimming, reaction to cold or overestimating of one’s ability

A

Exhaustion

25
Q

They occur in the muscles and are usually caused by fatigue, cold or overtion

A

Cramps

26
Q

They cause the affected muscles to suddenly contract into a tight hard knot, which incapacitates or greatly inhibit the movements of that muscles

A

Cramps

27
Q

From small lake ripples to a huge ocean swells, waves are caused by winds

A

Waves

28
Q

They may add the enjoyment of the swimming or maybe disconcerting to those who do not understand their action

A

Waves

29
Q

The following movements of a large movements of a large volume of water seeking its own level. They are the most deceptive.

A

Currents

30
Q

They rarely follow the contour of the river bed, even in comparatively straight stretches and are continually changing

A

Currents

31
Q

Ocean currents are basically two types

A

Caused by tides

Caused by runback of large waves from the shoreline

32
Q

Natural aquatic environment teems with life, from plankton (small and microscopic and animals) to baleen whale, largest of all animals

A

Dangerous Marine Life

33
Q

Conditions affecting rescue

A

Conditioning of victim
Condition of the rescuer
Condition of environment

34
Q

How much time has passer before the drowning person becomes unconscious may be gauged by noticing

A

Whether the victim is frightened and panicky, not immediate danger of becoming unconscious
When the victim flutters and the arms briefly and loses buoyancy within few exchanges and sinks toward the bottom

35
Q

It can cause difficulty

A

Size of the victim

36
Q

Restrain upon emotions must be exercised by anyone who attempts to prevent loss of life due to drowning. Training and knowledge means experience. They bring clear realization to anybody about what can and cannot be done to rescue a drowning person

A

Condition of the rescuer

37
Q

Should include the practice in the rescue of a variety of victims: large and heavy actively struggling and passive

A

Condition pf the rescuer

38
Q

The chances of making a successful rescue are rescue by strong winds, large waves, violent currents, poor vision above and below water, plants growth, dangerous creatures in water and low temperatures

A

Condition of environment

39
Q

Fairly simple adaptation of the side stroke.

A

Lifesaving stroke

40
Q

Towing or assisting a victim

A

Rescuer should use top arm for contact and support; hence the stroke will consist of a lower arm timed with the scissor kick

41
Q

Lifesaving strokes

A

Lifesaving stroke with Regular scissor kick

Lifesaving stroke with inverted scissors kick

42
Q

The top arm is held in an extended position over the side of the upper thigh, with the hand suspended just at the surface. The action of the lower arm, the called swallow arm pull is basically the same as perform in the side stroke

A

Lifesaving stroke with regular scissors kick

43
Q

The movements and timing used in this stroke are identical to those explained for the regular scissors except that the body is turned over to the opposite side

A

Lifesaving stroke with inverted scissors kick

44
Q

Carries (tows)

A 
Cross chest carry
Cross chest control position
Hair carry
Wrist Tow
Shirt or collar tow
45
Q

Relatively easy to lear since the extended arm hold a victim at a distance, there’s a little interference with rescuers stroking

A

Hair carry

46
Q

This technique may be used to tow a passive victim for a long distance and is a natural tow to use following the front surface approach

A

Wrist tow

47
Q

It is similar to the hand carry except that the grip is made ob the shirt or coat between the shoulder blades. The grasp is made palm down, allowing some slack from the rescuers hand up to the neck in order to interfere with the victim’s breathing

A

Shirt or collar tow

48
Q

The most satisfactory carry for the rescuer and victim alike since it provided good support. And reasonable control gives the victim a sense of security

A

Cross chest carry

49
Q

For short distances and for temporary maximum control, the rescuer can grasp the wrist of the arm across the victim’s chest and exert enough pull so that both hand and wrist under the victim’s armpit

A

Cross chest carry

Swimming (2 decks)

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