Preliminary 2

Question 1

The whole physical makeup

Answer 1

Terrestrial living

Question 2

Simply suffocation in the water

Answer 2

Drowning

Question 3

When water closes over the mouth and nose and people are in such a position or condition that they cannot surface to breath

Answer 3

Drowning

Question 4

Will equip a person with major defense against drowning and will enhance enjoyment of the aquatic environment

Answer 4

Learning how to swim
When and where to swim
Prepared for the hazards of the aquatic environment

Question 5

Dictates the swimming season to all but the exceptional swimmers

Answer 5

Temperature and weather condition

Question 6

When water ranges in this temperature, it is apparently most inviting to man

Answer 6

70-78 degrees

Question 7

Quick plunge taken immediately upon rising can provide real pleasure and exhilaration to the individual who can stand the shock of cool air and cool water and who reacts well to the experience

Answer 7

Morning dip

Question 8

Do not naturally belong in the water

Answer 8

Human beings

Question 9

Also a thrilling experience and no one who has ever enjoyed a cooling dip just before retiring on a still hot night can easily forget its pleasant qualities. The length of a tome a person may stay in the water without ill effect is governed by the sense of physical comfort

Answer 9

Starlight dip or night swim

Question 10

A large percent of drowning usually occurs early in the _ when individuals _ decide to take the first swim of the year

Answer 10

Swimming season

Young boys

Question 11

Threading

Answer 11

Scissor
Frog
Bicycle

Question 12

Types of swimming areas exist

First principles of water safety

Answer 12

Old swimming hole to the modern natatorium

Choose a safe place to swim

Question 13

A reasonable safe place is one at which hazards are minimal/ Where to swim:

Answer 13

The water should be clear and free from pollution
The bottom should be sloped gently toward deep water
The bottom should be composed of firm sand
There should be no slit
Area should be free from dangerous marine life
Beach area free from glass and debris
Deck, piers, rafts should be of sturdy construction
Swimming areas with strong currents should be avoided

Question 14

They must confine their activities to areas in which they may be quickly reached if anything goes wrong

Answer 14

Weak or novice swimmers

Question 15

Three conditions of personal danger:

Answer 15

Panic
Exhaustion
Cramping

Question 16

Hazards in Aquatic Environment:

Answer 16

Panic
Exhaustion
Cramps
Waves
Currents
Dangerous marine life
Weeds
Jellyfish and Portuguese man-of-war
Cone shells and sea urchins 
Fire coral
Stingrays
Aquatic predators

Question 17

Shark, barracudas, moray ells, and other predators all can produce severe bite wounds

Answer 17

Aquatic predators

Question 18

Normally docile but can inflict a puncture wound and inject toxic venom from the barbed spines at the base of tail

Answer 18

Stingrays

Question 19

Smooth, mustard-yellow coral injects venom through stinging cells and produces multiple sharp cuts, which are contaminated by particle of broken off calcareous materials

Answer 19

Fire coral

Question 20

Type of mollusk related to the snail and has complicated apparatus for injecting venom through a puncture wound

Answer 20

Cone shells and Sea Urchins

Question 21

Occasionally, this a plague for some beach areas in large numbers. The tentacles of some varieties may cause reactions such as shock, cramps, nausea, and respiratory difficulty

Answer 21

Jellyfish and Portuguese man-of war

Question 22

They are not serious menace to the swimmers. There is danger, however to the experience person who unknowingly doves of swim into patches of weeds and become entangled

Answer 22

Weeds

Question 23

Simple loss of energy and resultant inability to the necessary movements to keep afloat and make progress through the water.

Answer 23

Exhaustion

Question 24

These conditions may be brought about by entering the water when overtired from prior physical activities, overexertion in swimming, reaction to cold or overestimating of one’s ability

Answer 24

Exhaustion

Question 25

They occur in the muscles and are usually caused by fatigue, cold or overtion

Answer 25

Cramps

Question 26

They cause the affected muscles to suddenly contract into a tight hard knot, which incapacitates or greatly inhibit the movements of that muscles

Answer 26

Cramps

Question 27

From small lake ripples to a huge ocean swells, waves are caused by winds

Answer 27

Waves

Question 28

They may add the enjoyment of the swimming or maybe disconcerting to those who do not understand their action

Answer 28

Waves

Question 29

The following movements of a large movements of a large volume of water seeking its own level. They are the most deceptive.

Answer 29

Currents

Question 30

They rarely follow the contour of the river bed, even in comparatively straight stretches and are continually changing

Answer 30

Currents

Question 31

Ocean currents are basically two types

Answer 31

Caused by tides | Caused by runback of large waves from the shoreline

Question 32

Natural aquatic environment teems with life, from plankton (small and microscopic and animals) to baleen whale, largest of all animals

Answer 32

Dangerous Marine Life

Question 33

Conditions affecting rescue

Answer 33

Conditioning of victim Condition of the rescuer Condition of environment

Question 34

How much time has passer before the drowning person becomes unconscious may be gauged by noticing

Answer 34

Whether the victim is frightened and panicky, not immediate danger of becoming unconscious When the victim flutters and the arms briefly and loses buoyancy within few exchanges and sinks toward the bottom

Question 35

It can cause difficulty

Answer 35

Size of the victim

Question 36

Restrain upon emotions must be exercised by anyone who attempts to prevent loss of life due to drowning. Training and knowledge means experience. They bring clear realization to anybody about what can and cannot be done to rescue a drowning person

Answer 36

Condition of the rescuer

Question 37

Should include the practice in the rescue of a variety of victims: large and heavy actively struggling and passive

Answer 37

Condition pf the rescuer

Question 38

The chances of making a successful rescue are rescue by strong winds, large waves, violent currents, poor vision above and below water, plants growth, dangerous creatures in water and low temperatures

Answer 38

Condition of environment

Question 39

Fairly simple adaptation of the side stroke.

Answer 39

Lifesaving stroke

Question 40

Towing or assisting a victim

Answer 40

Rescuer should use top arm for contact and support; hence the stroke will consist of a lower arm timed with the scissor kick

Question 41

Lifesaving strokes

Answer 41

Lifesaving stroke with Regular scissor kick | Lifesaving stroke with inverted scissors kick

Question 42

The top arm is held in an extended position over the side of the upper thigh, with the hand suspended just at the surface. The action of the lower arm, the called swallow arm pull is basically the same as perform in the side stroke

Answer 42

Lifesaving stroke with regular scissors kick

Question 43

The movements and timing used in this stroke are identical to those explained for the regular scissors except that the body is turned over to the opposite side

Answer 43

Lifesaving stroke with inverted scissors kick

Question 44

Carries (tows)

Answer 44

``` Cross chest carry Cross chest control position Hair carry Wrist Tow Shirt or collar tow ```

Question 45

Relatively easy to lear since the extended arm hold a victim at a distance, there's a little interference with rescuers stroking

Answer 45

Hair carry

Question 46

This technique may be used to tow a passive victim for a long distance and is a natural tow to use following the front surface approach

Answer 46

Wrist tow

Question 47

It is similar to the hand carry except that the grip is made ob the shirt or coat between the shoulder blades. The grasp is made palm down, allowing some slack from the rescuers hand up to the neck in order to interfere with the victim's breathing

Answer 47

Shirt or collar tow

Question 48

The most satisfactory carry for the rescuer and victim alike since it provided good support. And reasonable control gives the victim a sense of security

Answer 48

Cross chest carry

Question 49

For short distances and for temporary maximum control, the rescuer can grasp the wrist of the arm across the victim's chest and exert enough pull so that both hand and wrist under the victim's armpit

Answer 49

Cross chest carry