Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering > Prelim Notes > Flashcards

Prelim Notes Flashcards

1
Q

A subspecialty within the field of geotechnical engineering which deals with the design and construction of projects in order to resist the effects of earthquakes

A

Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Study of earthquakes

A

Seismology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Includes the study of internal behavior of the earth and the nature of seismic waves generated by the earthquake

A

Seismology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

an individual who applies geologic data, principles, and interpretation so that geologic factors affecting the planning, design, construction, and maintenance of civil engineering works are properly recognized and utilized

A

Engineering geologist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

In general, foundations of buildings and bridges may be divided into two major categories

A

shallow foundations, deep foundations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Examples of shallow foundations

A

spread footings, wall footings, mat foundations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Examples of deep foundations

A

Pile and drilled shaft foundations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

To classify a soil properly, you must know its

A

grain-size distribution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

AASHTO

A

American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

USCS

A

Unified Soil Classification systems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

According to AASHTO Soil Classification System, soils listed in groups A-1, A-2, and A-3 are

A

coarse-grained materials

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

According to AASHTO Soil Classification System, soils listed in groups A-4, A-5, A-6, and A-7 are

A

fine-grained materials

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

According to AASHTO Soil Classification System, soils classified under A-8 like peat, muck, and other highly organic soil are identified by

A

visual inspection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

The first step in geotechnical earthquake engineering is to perform

A

a screening investigation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Its purpose is to obtain sufficient information on the nature and severity of the seismic hazards so that mitigation recommendations can be developed

A

quantitative evaluation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

The quantitative evaluation consists of the following:

A

Geologic mapping, Subsurface exploration, Laboratory testing, Engineering and geologic analyses, Report preparation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

The required number and spacing of borings, test pits, and trenches for a particular project must be based on

A

judgment and experience

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

The main objectives of the borings, test pits, and trenches are to determine the

A

nature and extent of the seismic hazards

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

SPT

A

Standard Penetration Test

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

CPT

A

Cone Penetration Test

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

The force required to move the cone into the extended position divided by the horizontally projected area of the cone is defined as the

A

cone resistance qc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

The _ of the soil is an important parameter needed for earthquake analyses of foundations, slopes, and retaining walls

A

shear strength

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

There are two basic types of analyses that utilize the shear strength of the soil:

A

(1) the total stress analysis and (2) the effective stress analysis

24
Q

Under no circumstances can a total stress analysis and an effective stress analysis be _

A

combined

25
Q

are used for the design of foundations, slopes, and retaining walls that are subjected to earthquake shaking

A

Total stress analyses

26
Q

To perform a total stress analysis, the _ of the soil must be determined

A

undrained shear strength

27
Q

The effective stress analysis uses the _ parameters

A

drained shear strength

28
Q

These types of soil are nonplastic, and they include such soils as gravels, sands, and nonplastic silt, such as rock flour

A

Cohesionless Soil

29
Q

A cohesionless soil can be held together only by a

A

confining pressure

30
Q

These types of soil are plastic, they include such soils as silts and clays, and have the ability to be rolled and molded (hence they have a plasticity index)

A

Cohesive soil

31
Q

internal resistance per unit area that the soil mass can offer to resist failure and sliding along any plane inside it

A

Shear strength

32
Q

is the oldest and simplest form of shear test arrangement

A

direct shear test

33
Q

According to this theory, the earth’s surface contains tectonic plates, also known as lithosphere plates, with each plate consisting of the crust and the more rigid part of the upper mantle.

A

plate tectonics

34
Q

Depending on the direction of movement of the plates, there are three types of plate boundaries:

A

divergent boundary, convergent boundary, and transform boundary

35
Q

This occurs when the relative movement of two plates is away from each other

A

Divergent boundary

36
Q

When a divergent boundary occurs within a continent, it is called _.

A

rifting

37
Q

This occurs when the relative movement of the two plates is toward each other

A

Convergent boundary

38
Q

There are three types of convergent boundaries:

A

oceanic-continental subduction zone, oceanic-oceanic subduction zone, and continent-continent collision zone

39
Q

This condition occurs when two continental plates collide with each other, causing the two masses to squeeze fold, deform, and thrust upward.

A

continent-continent collision zone

40
Q

involves the plates sliding past each other, without the construction or destruction of the earth’s crust

A

Transform boundary/transform fault

41
Q

a fracture or a zone of fractures in rock along which displacement has occurred

A

Fault

42
Q

an instrument that records, as a function of time, the motion of the earth’s surface due to the seismic waves generated by the earthquake

A

Seismograph

43
Q

a low-magnification seismograph that is specially designed to record the ground acceleration during the earthquake

A

Accelerograph

44
Q

two basic types of seismic wave

A

body waves and surface waves

45
Q

a seismic wave that causes a series of compressions and dilations of the materials through which it travels

A

P wave

46
Q

fastest wave and is the first to arrive at a site

A

P wave

47
Q

also known as the secondary wave, shear wave, or transverse wave

A

S wave

48
Q

causes shearing deformations of the materials through which it travels

A

S wave

49
Q

Two types of surface waves

A

Love and Rayleigh waves

50
Q

have been described as being similar to the surface ripples produced by a rock thrown into a pond

A

Rayleigh waves

51
Q

two basic ways to measure the strength of an earthquake

A

(1) based on the earthquake magnitude and (2) based on the intensity of damage

52
Q

measures the amount of energy released from the earthquake

A

Magnitude

53
Q

Based on the damage to buildings and reactions of people

A

Intensity

54
Q

is based on the observations of damaged structures and the presence of secondary effects, such as earthquake-induced landslides, liquefaction, and ground cracking

A

Intensity of an earthquake

55
Q

also based on the degree to which the earthquake was felt by individuals, which is determined through interviews

A

Intensity of an earthquake

56
Q

most commonly used scale for the determination of earthquake intensity

A

modified Mercalli intensity scale

Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions