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Speech & Theater Arts > [PRELIM] Nature of Language / Communicative Competence / Communication Styles and Purposes > Flashcards

[PRELIM] Nature of Language / Communicative Competence / Communication Styles and Purposes Flashcards

1
Q

One important element in the process of communication.

A

Language

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2
Q

According to Sapir, what is language?

A

It is a human and non-instinctive method of communicating emotions, ideas, and desires through a system of voluntarily produced symbols.

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3
Q

According Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis, language goes beyond just describing real situations for it primarily aims to what?

A

To form the components of culture

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4
Q

According to Henry Sweet, language may be defined as the expression of thought utilizing what?

A

Speech sounds (NON VERBAL)

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5
Q

According to them, language is a system of communication by sound i.e., through the organs of speech and hearing, among human beings of a certain group of community, using vocal symbols processing, arbitrary conventional meanings.

A

Mario A Pei & Frank Gaynor

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6
Q

These are essential for communication. These are all interconnected, thus when one learns a new language, the best effort to do is by engaging all the skills in balance.

A

The 5 Macro Skills

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7
Q

What happens to an individual when one of the five macro skills is not use and practice well?

A

It will become the weaker skill of an individual.

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8
Q

It is the skill of grasping and decoding information during the exchange of messages. It is the beginning of understanding and a valuable key to effective communication. It is the task of getting the meaning of what is being heard.

A

Listening

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9
Q

It is a prerequisite to understanding.

A

Listening

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10
Q

It is the ability that makes us superior to other species.

A

Speaking

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11
Q

It is a complex, cognitive and linguistic skill that involves roods and sounds. It also involves meaning, sociality relationship, affect, cultural issues, performance, and sound elements.

A

Speaking

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12
Q

What are the functions of speaking?

A
  • Interaction
  • Transaction
  • Performance
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13
Q

This is seen in social conversations.

For example, a student shares her get away experience to a friend, a taxi driver chats with his passenger or a sales lady, telling her manager about her recent experience.

A

Interaction

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14
Q

This happens when someone wants to cut across a message. There is an act to be done after the message is received.

For example, a boy orders a box of pizza, a teacher gives instruction on the assignment of the lessons to her students, or book a plane ticket via phone call.

A

Transaction

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15
Q

This is when an audience accepts the message spoken. There is an emphasis on the accuracy, the sequencing of ideas, the form and the organisation.

For example, speeches conducted to persuade, like oration or a debate.

A

Performance

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16
Q

It is a multifaceted process involving word recognition, comprehension and fluency and motivation. It is making meaning from print.

A

Reading

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17
Q

Identifying the words in print

A

Word recognition

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18
Q

Construct an understanding from the words

A

Comprehension

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19
Q

Coordinate identifying word and making meaning so that reading is automatic and accurate.

A

Fluency

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20
Q

The passion to read or build the skill.

A

Motivation

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21
Q

It is another macro skill which language teachers should master and teach students.

A

Writing

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22
Q

A good ability of this skill may increase the chances of a person on success.

A

Writing

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23
Q

What are the different types of writing?

A
  • Expository
  • Descriptive
  • Persuasive
  • Narrative
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24
Q

It allows students to pause and reflect and think about the image as they are seeing and analyse or evaluate further these visuals for better use. It includes giving meaning to the images or visuals, and even with computer problems and website which have printed and spoken words.

A

Viewing

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25
Q

It gives an avenue for students to understand things and gain knowledge through information, which is communicated by others, especially with the use of technology.

A

Viewing

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26
Q

In this age and time, ____ will be an important skill and requirement for success in business as this generation experiences an information revolution.

A

Visual literacy

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27
Q

In 1984, they mentioned that communicative competence refers to the knowledge one has on morphology, phonology, syntax, including how and when to use these appropriately in utterances.

A

Cooley and Roach

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28
Q

It is the proper and efficient communication flow and the skill to utilize and acclimate the expertise in different situtations.

A

Communicative competence

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29
Q

It is a process of sharing and conveying messages or information from one person to another within and across channels, contexts, media, and cultures.

A

Communication

30
Q

What are the nature of communication?

A
  • It is a process.
  • It occurs between 2 or more people.
  • It can be expressed through words, actions, or both at the same time.
31
Q

In the process of communication, what does TLPR stands for?

A

Transmit
Listen
Perceive
React

32
Q

What are the types of communication?

A
  • Verbal communication
  • Nonverbal communication
  • Written communication
33
Q

It is also known as oral communication as it uses spoken words to communicate a message.

A

Verbal communication

34
Q

It includes body language, gestures, facial expressions and even posture. It sets the tone of a conversation, and can seriously undermine the message contained in your words if you are not careful to control it.

A

Nonverbal communication

35
Q

It is essential for communicating complicated information, such as statistics, that could not be easily communicated through speech alone. It allows information to be recorded so that it can be referred to at a later date.

A

Written communication

36
Q

What are the elements(process) of communication?

A
  • Speaker
  • Message
  • Encoding
  • Channel
  • Decoding
  • Receiving
  • Feedback
  • Context
  • Barrier
37
Q

The source of information or message.

A

Speaker

38
Q

The information, ideas, or thoughts conveyed by the speaker in words or in actions.

A

Message

39
Q

The process of converting the message into words, actions, or other forms that the speaker understands.

A

Encoding

40
Q

The medium or the means (personal or non-personal, verbal or nonverbal) in which the encoded message is conveyed.

A

Channel

41
Q

The process of interpreting the encoded message of the speaker by the receiver.

A

Decoding

42
Q

The recipient of the message or someone who decodes the message.

A

Receiver

43
Q

The reactions, responses, or information provided by the receiver.

A

Feedback

44
Q

The environment where communication takes place.

A

Context

45
Q

The factors that affect the flow of communication or the effectives/ineffectiveness.

A

Barrier

46
Q

This type of communication, certain rules, conventions and principles are followed while communicating message. Use of slang and foul language is avoided and correct pronunciation is required.

A

Formal communication

47
Q

In formal communication, ____ are needed to be followed.

A

Authority lines

48
Q

This type of communication is done using channels that are in contrast with the other type of communication channels. It is established for societal affiliations of members in an organization and face to face discussions.

A

Informal communication

49
Q

____ is the reception of sound; ____ is the attachment of meaning.

A

Hearing; Listening

50
Q

RAU is the process of listening. What does it stand for?

A

Receiving
Attending
Understanding

51
Q

Much human listening falls for the reason that receivers are not connected or “tuned in” to the senders. Sometimes, the problem is a physiological one.

A

Receiving

52
Q

What are the factors of Attending?

A

Selectivity of attention (interesting)
Strength of attention
Sustainment of attention (how long can one listen)

53
Q

Effective communication depends on ____; that is effective communication does not take place until the receiver ____ the message.

A

Understanding; understands

54
Q

The listening process may end with understanding since effective communication and effective listening may be defined as the accurate sharing or understanding of meaning, but this may be needed or at least helpful.

A

Responding (response)

55
Q

Memorization of facts is not the key to good listening yet memory is often a necessary and integral part of the listening process.

A

Remembering

56
Q

It is an imitation of the real thing. These type of listeners give the appearance of being attentive by eye-contact, nod, and smile.

A

Pseudolistening

57
Q

They are intereted only in expressing their ideas and do not care about what anyone else has to say.

A

Stage hogging

58
Q

They respond only to the parts of a speaker’s remarks that interest the, rejecting everything else.

A

Selective listening

59
Q

They are almost the opposite of their selective-hearing cousin. Instead of looking for something, these people avoid it. Whenever a topic arises they would rather not deal with it. They simply fail to hear it or acknowledge it.

A

Insulate listening

60
Q

They take innocent comments as personal attacks.

A

Defensive listening

61
Q

They listen carefully but only because they are collecting information to attack what you have to say.

A

Ambushing

62
Q

What are the dimensions of communication?

A
  • Self
  • One to one
  • Group
  • Inter-group
  • Public speaking
  • Mass communication
63
Q

It is a vebal means of communicating. Speaking is part of it, also writing, drawing, and manual signing.

A

Speech

64
Q

It is a process that requires very precise neuromuscular coordination. It involves components such as voice quality, intonation, and rate.

A

Sppech

65
Q

In face-to-face conversation, non speech means may carry up to ____ percent of the information.

A

60%

66
Q

It refers to a speech disorder that interrupts the flow of speech.

A

Stuttering

67
Q

People who stutter can experience these types of disruption

A
  • Repetitions
  • Blocks
  • Prolongations
68
Q

These occur when people involuntarily repeat sounds, vowels, or words.

A

Repetitions

69
Q

These happen when people know what they want to say but have difficulty making the necessary speech sounds. It may cause someone to feel as though their words are stuck.

A

Blocks

70
Q

These refer to the stretching or drawing out of particular sounds or words.

A

Prolongations

Speech & Theater Arts (6 decks)

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