[PRELIM] Nature of Language / Communicative Competence / Communication Styles and Purposes

Question 1

One important element in the process of communication.

Answer 1

Language

Question 2

According to Sapir, what is language?

Answer 2

It is a human and non-instinctive method of communicating emotions, ideas, and desires through a system of voluntarily produced symbols.

Question 3

According Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis, language goes beyond just describing real situations for it primarily aims to what?

Answer 3

To form the components of culture

Question 4

According to Henry Sweet, language may be defined as the expression of thought utilizing what?

Answer 4

Speech sounds (NON VERBAL)

Question 5

According to them, language is a system of communication by sound i.e., through the organs of speech and hearing, among human beings of a certain group of community, using vocal symbols processing, arbitrary conventional meanings.

Answer 5

Mario A Pei & Frank Gaynor

Question 6

These are essential for communication. These are all interconnected, thus when one learns a new language, the best effort to do is by engaging all the skills in balance.

Answer 6

The 5 Macro Skills

Question 7

What happens to an individual when one of the five macro skills is not use and practice well?

Answer 7

It will become the weaker skill of an individual.

Question 8

It is the skill of grasping and decoding information during the exchange of messages. It is the beginning of understanding and a valuable key to effective communication. It is the task of getting the meaning of what is being heard.

Answer 8

Listening

Question 9

It is a prerequisite to understanding.

Answer 9

Listening

Question 10

It is the ability that makes us superior to other species.

Answer 10

Speaking

Question 11

It is a complex, cognitive and linguistic skill that involves roods and sounds. It also involves meaning, sociality relationship, affect, cultural issues, performance, and sound elements.

Answer 11

Speaking

Question 12

What are the functions of speaking?

Answer 12

• Interaction
• Transaction
• Performance

Question 13

This is seen in social conversations.

For example, a student shares her get away experience to a friend, a taxi driver chats with his passenger or a sales lady, telling her manager about her recent experience.

Answer 13

Interaction

Question 14

This happens when someone wants to cut across a message. There is an act to be done after the message is received.

For example, a boy orders a box of pizza, a teacher gives instruction on the assignment of the lessons to her students, or book a plane ticket via phone call.

Answer 14

Transaction

Question 15

This is when an audience accepts the message spoken. There is an emphasis on the accuracy, the sequencing of ideas, the form and the organisation.

For example, speeches conducted to persuade, like oration or a debate.

Answer 15

Performance

Question 16

It is a multifaceted process involving word recognition, comprehension and fluency and motivation. It is making meaning from print.

Answer 16

Reading

Question 17

Identifying the words in print

Answer 17

Word recognition

Question 18

Construct an understanding from the words

Answer 18

Comprehension

Question 19

Coordinate identifying word and making meaning so that reading is automatic and accurate.

Answer 19

Fluency

Question 20

The passion to read or build the skill.

Answer 20

Motivation

Question 21

It is another macro skill which language teachers should master and teach students.

Answer 21

Writing

Question 22

A good ability of this skill may increase the chances of a person on success.

Answer 22

Writing

Question 23

What are the different types of writing?

Answer 23

• Expository
• Descriptive
• Persuasive
• Narrative

Question 24

It allows students to pause and reflect and think about the image as they are seeing and analyse or evaluate further these visuals for better use. It includes giving meaning to the images or visuals, and even with computer problems and website which have printed and spoken words.

Answer 24

Viewing

Question 25

It gives an avenue for students to understand things and gain knowledge through information, which is communicated by others, especially with the use of technology.

Answer 25

Viewing

Question 26

In this age and time, ____ will be an important skill and requirement for success in business as this generation experiences an information revolution.

Answer 26

Visual literacy

Question 27

In 1984, they mentioned that communicative competence refers to the knowledge one has on morphology, phonology, syntax, including how and when to use these appropriately in utterances.

Answer 27

Cooley and Roach

Question 28

It is the proper and efficient communication flow and the skill to utilize and acclimate the expertise in different situtations.

Answer 28

Communicative competence

Question 29

It is a process of sharing and conveying messages or information from one person to another within and across channels, contexts, media, and cultures.

Answer 29

Communication

Question 30

What are the nature of communication?

Answer 30

* It is a process. * It occurs between 2 or more people. * It can be expressed through words, actions, or both at the same time.

Question 31

In the process of communication, what does TLPR stands for?

Answer 31

Transmit Listen Perceive React

Question 32

What are the types of communication?

Answer 32

- Verbal communication - Nonverbal communication - Written communication

Question 33

It is also known as **oral communication** as it uses spoken words to communicate a message.

Answer 33

Verbal communication

Question 34

It includes body language, gestures, facial expressions and even posture. It sets the tone of a conversation, and can seriously undermine the message contained in your words if you are not careful to control it.

Answer 34

Nonverbal communication

Question 35

It is essential for communicating complicated information, such as statistics, that could not be easily communicated through speech alone. It allows information to be recorded so that it can be referred to at a later date.

Answer 35

Written communication

Question 36

What are the elements(process) of communication?

Answer 36

* Speaker * Message * Encoding * Channel * Decoding * Receiving * Feedback * Context * Barrier

Question 37

The source of information or message.

Answer 37

Speaker

Question 38

The information, ideas, or thoughts conveyed by the speaker in words or in actions.

Answer 38

Message

Question 39

The process of converting the message into words, actions, or other forms that the speaker understands.

Answer 39

Encoding

Question 40

The medium or the means (personal or non-personal, verbal or nonverbal) in which the encoded message is conveyed.

Answer 40

Channel

Question 41

The process of interpreting the encoded message of the speaker by the receiver.

Answer 41

Decoding

Question 42

The recipient of the message or someone who decodes the message.

Answer 42

Receiver

Question 43

The reactions, responses, or information provided by the receiver.

Answer 43

Feedback

Question 44

The environment where communication takes place.

Answer 44

Context

Question 45

The factors that affect the flow of communication or the effectives/ineffectiveness.

Answer 45

Barrier

Question 46

This type of communication, certain rules, conventions and principles are followed while communicating message. Use of slang and foul language is avoided and correct pronunciation is required.

Answer 46

Formal communication

Question 47

In formal communication, ____ are needed to be followed.

Answer 47

Authority lines

Question 48

This type of communication is done using channels that are in contrast with the other type of communication channels. It is established for societal affiliations of members in an organization and face to face discussions.

Answer 48

Informal communication

Question 49

____ is the reception of sound; ____ is the attachment of meaning.

Answer 49

Hearing; Listening

Question 50

RAU is the process of listening. What does it stand for?

Answer 50

Receiving Attending Understanding

Question 51

Much human listening falls for the reason that receivers are not connected or "tuned in" to the senders. Sometimes, the problem is a physiological one.

Answer 51

Receiving

Question 52

What are the factors of **Attending?**

Answer 52

Selectivity of attention (interesting) Strength of attention Sustainment of attention (how long can one listen)

Question 53

Effective communication depends on ____; that is effective communication does not take place until the receiver ____ the message.

Answer 53

**Understanding**; understands

Question 54

The listening process may end with understanding since effective communication and effective listening may be defined as the accurate sharing or understanding of meaning, but *this* may be needed or at least helpful.

Answer 54

Responding (response)

Question 55

Memorization of facts is not the key to good listening yet memory is often a necessary and integral part of the listening process.

Answer 55

Remembering

Question 56

It is an imitation of the real thing. These type of listeners give the appearance of being attentive by eye-contact, nod, and smile.

Answer 56

Pseudolistening

Question 57

They are intereted only in expressing their ideas and do not care about what anyone else has to say.

Answer 57

Stage hogging

Question 58

They respond only to the parts of a speaker's remarks that interest the, rejecting everything else.

Answer 58

Selective listening

Question 59

They are almost the opposite of their selective-hearing cousin. Instead of looking for something, these people avoid it. Whenever a topic arises they would rather not deal with it. They simply fail to hear it or acknowledge it.

Answer 59

Insulate listening

Question 60

They take innocent comments as personal attacks.

Answer 60

Defensive listening

Question 61

They listen carefully but only because they are collecting information to attack what you have to say.

Answer 61

Ambushing

Question 62

What are the dimensions of communication?

Answer 62

* Self * One to one * Group * Inter-group * Public speaking * Mass communication

Question 63

It is a vebal means of communicating. Speaking is part of it, also writing, drawing, and manual signing.

Answer 63

Speech

Question 64

It is a process that requires very precise neuromuscular coordination. It involves components such as voice quality, intonation, and rate.

Answer 64

Sppech

Question 65

In face-to-face conversation, non speech means may carry up to ____ percent of the information.

Answer 65

60%

Question 66

It refers to a speech disorder that interrupts the flow of speech.

Answer 66

Stuttering

Question 67

People who stutter can experience these types of disruption

Answer 67

* Repetitions * Blocks * Prolongations

Question 68

These occur when people involuntarily repeat sounds, vowels, or words.

Answer 68

Repetitions

Question 69

These happen when people know what they want to say but have difficulty making the necessary speech sounds. It may cause someone to feel as though their words are stuck.

Answer 69

Blocks

Question 70

These refer to the stretching or drawing out of particular sounds or words.

Answer 70

Prolongations