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PRELIM INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTING > Prelim IC LEC 2 > Flashcards

Prelim IC LEC 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Characteristics of Computer
(Advantages)

A
  1. High Speed
  2. Accuracy
  3. Storage Capability
  4. Diligence
  5. Versatility
  6. Reliability
  7. Automation
  8. Reduction in Paper Work
  9. Reduction in Cost
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2
Q

• Computer is a very —- device.
• It is capable of performing calculation of very large amount of data.
• The computer has units of speed in microsecond, nanosecond, and even the picosecond.
• It can perform millions of calculations in a few seconds as compared to man who will spend many months for doing the same task.

A

High Speed

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3
Q

• In addition to being very fast, computers are very accurate.
• The calculations are 100% error free.
• Computers perform all jobs with 100% accuracy provided that correct input has been given.

A

Accuracy

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4
Q

• Memory is a very important characteristic of computers.
• A computer has much more storage capacity than human beings.
• It can store large amount of data.
• It can store any type of data such as images, videos, text, audio and many others.

A

Storage Capability

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5
Q

Unlike human beings, a computer is free from monotony, tiredness and lack of
concentration.
• It can work continuously without any error and boredom.
• It can do repeated work with same speed and accuracy

A

Diligence

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6
Q

• A computer is a very versatile machine.
• A computer is very flexible in performing the jobs to be done.
• This machine can be used to solve the problems related to various fields.
• At one instance, it may be solving a complex scientific problem and the very next
moment it may be playing a card game.

A

Versatility

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7
Q

• A computer is a reliable machine.
• Modern electronic components have long lives.
• Computers are designed to make maintenance easy.

A

Reliability

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8
Q

• Computer is an —– machine.
• ________ means ability to perform the given task automatically.
• Once a program is given to computer i.e., stored in computer memory, the program and instruction can control the program execution without human interaction.

A

Automation

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9
Q

• The use of computers for data processing in an organization leads to reduction in
paper work and results in speeding up a process.
• As data in electronic files can be retrieved as and when required, the problem of
maintenance of large number of paper files gets reduced.

A

Reduction in Paper Work

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10
Q

• Though the initial investment for installing a computer is high but it substantially
reduces the cost of each of its transaction.

A

Reduction in Cost

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11
Q

Characteristics of a computer (Disadvantages)

A
  1. No I.Q.
  2. Dependency
  3. Environment
  4. No Feeling
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12
Q

• A computer is a machine that has no intelligence to perform any task.
• Each instruction has to be given to computer.
• A computer cannot take any decision on its own.

A

No I.Q.

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13
Q

• It functions as per a user’s instruction, so it is fully dependent on human being

A

Dependency

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14
Q

• The operating environment of computer should be dust free and suitable.

A

Environment

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15
Q

• Computers have no feelings or emotions.
• It cannot make judgment based on feeling, taste, experience, and knowledge unlike a human being.

A

No Feeling

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16
Q

(1)_______ _____ and (2)______ _______ define a computer-based information system (CBIS) as a

“single set of hardware, software, databases, telecommunications, people, and procedures configured to collect, manipulate, store, and
process data into information.”

A
  1. Ralph Stair
  2. George Reynolds
17
Q

Some experts list five basic elements of a CBIS:
1. __________,
2. __________,
3. ______,
4. _______ and
5. ________.
Others add a sixth element; (6)_______,

A
  1. hardware,
  2. software,
  3. data,
  4. procedures
  5. people
  6. Communications
18
Q

• Computer ______ (HW)
• any physical component of a computer system that contains a circuit board, ICs, or other electronics.
• Is tangible part of the Computer System.

A

Hardware

19
Q

Two categories of Hardware (HW) :

A

Internal HW
External HW

20
Q

hardware that is found inside your computer.

A

Internal HW

21
Q

hardware that is found outside of your computer.

A

External HW

22
Q

External HW

A
  1. Flat-panel, Monitor, and LCD
  2. Gamepad
  3. Joystick
  4. Keyboard
  5. Microphone
  6. Mouse
  7. Printer
  8. Projector
  9. Scanner
  10. Speakers
  11. USB thumb drive
23
Q

Internal HW

A
  1. Processor (CPU)
  2. Drive (e.g., Blu-ray, CD-ROM, DVD, floppy drive, hard drive, and SSD)
  3. Fan (heat sink)
  4. Modem
  5. Motherboard
  6. Network card
  7. RAM
  8. Sound card
  9. Video card
24
Q

______, the second element of a CBIS, is what tells the hardware how to function. It gathers, organizes and manipulates data and carries out instructions. Everything you do using a computer is done by the ______.

A

Software

25
Q

Common Misconceptions:

A
  1. Abacus
  2. CPU vs System Unit
  3. LED vs LCD
  4. Memory vs Storage
  5. Smartphone vs Computers
  6. USB Flash Drive
26
Q

• The abacus (plural (1)_____ or (2)_____, also called a counting frame, is a calculating tool that was in use in (3)______, (4)_____ and (5)_______, centuries before the adoption of the written (6)_____- _____ ______ _____.

• The first reported and substantiated use of an abacus, or abacus-like instrument was in (7)______ between (8)_______ and (9)_______ or roughly (10)______ years ago.

A
  1. Abaci
  2. Abacuses
  3. Europe
  4. China
  5. Russia
  6. Hindu-Arabic numeral system
  7. Sumeria
  8. 2, 700
  9. 2, 300 BCE
  10. 4, 700
27
Q

(1) ________________
(c. (2)____ ___)

• (1)________ __________ _______) is the (3)_______ surviving counting board.

• The (4)______ is made of marble (5)______________ and was used by the (6)________ circa (2)_______

Photo from the National Museum of (8)_______, _______.

A
  1. The Salamis Tablet
  2. 300 B.C.E
  3. Oldest
  4. Tablet
  5. (146x57x5cm)
  6. Babylonians
  7. 300 B.C.E
  8. Epigraphy, Athens

PRELIM INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTING (2 decks)

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