Prelim Half Yearly Flashcards
Aesthetic design
The visual appeal of an item - often incorporates a surface decoration or design to enhance the appearance of the item - can be simple or complex
Examples of aesthetic design
Patchwork, dyeing, printing, embroidery, beading
Functional design
Relates to the specific end-use purpose of an item - judgements relate to the way in which the item performs its required task - often determines the success of a textile product in the market
Examples of functional design
Pattern-making, construction techniques such as seams in the patchwork and garment assembly, closures such as zippers and other fastenings
Economics
Cost of material, designing and manufacturing - time, money, skills, materials, production, equipment and facilities needed to complete the item
Environment
A designer must consider the needs of humanity in relation to a cleaner and greener world - This is accomplished through responsible design practices
Manufacturing techniques
Designers must ensure that their products are constructed using the correct manufacturing techniques -
Seams, seam finishes, hems, openings & closures, commercial patterns, pattern markings, notions
Sustainability
An effort to provide the best outcomes for the built and natural environments in contemporary society and into the future
Focus areas
NACFT - apparel, costume, furnishings, textile arts, non-apparel
Elements of design
Line and direction, shape and size, colour, texture
Line
significantly much longer than they are wide, defines the direction of a design
Shape
a closed line, two main types organic and geometric
Colour
Appears when light waves are reflected and absorbed by objects - ‘hues’
Texture
The surface characteristics of a design, both tactile and visual eg. rough, smooth, shiny, bumpy, fuzzy, prickly, suede, matt
Principles of design
PURECH - proportion, balance, rhythm, emphasis, contrast and harmony, unity
Proportion
The relationship between two parts of a design, or between one part of a design and the whole
Balance
The visual weight of shape texture, colour, line and space - symmetrical balance, asymmetrical balance, radial balance
Rhythm
The repetition of various elements in a design to create a feeling of organized movement
Emphasis
The focal point, capturing the viewer’s attention
Contrast and Harmony
CONTRAST - An unexpected change in the visual elements of a design HARMONY - design similarities or repetitions are consistent, creating an aesthetically pleasing design
Unity
A composition with a completeness of design. When a design looks like it belongs together, it is unified
Communication
The transmission of information between a sender and a receiver using any of the five senses
Verbal communication
Communication that is spoken e.g. personal meetings or conferences, web conferencing
Non-verbal communication
Communication that is written e.g. samples or prototypes, blogs, folios
Graphic communication
Any form of visual artistic representation - created by: freehand sketching, drawing symbols or shapes, photography
Seams
A seam is the basic structural element of all textile items. e.g. open or closed, french seam, stretch-stitch seam, overlock, flat-felled seam
Seam finish
Used to make a seam neater or to stop the raw edges of the seam allowance fraying e.g. pin-stitched, overlock, topstitched, bias bound, zigzag
Hems
Used of the bottom edge of a textile item e.g. slip-stitched, narrow, topstitched, lettuce, shell, blind, overlock, twin needle
Openings and closures
e.g. zippers, buttons and buttonholes, hooks and eyes, snap fasteners, velcro
Commercial patterns
Pattern envelope, guide sheet and tissue paper pattern pieces
Pattern markings
Grainline, cutting line, seamline, notches, circles, squares and triangles
Decorative techniques
The type of decorative techniques chosen to enhance a design should be appropriate to the end purpose -
embroidery, beading, appliqué
Embroidery
A method of decorating or embellishing a base fabric with yarns
Beading
Sewing beads onto a garment as an aesthetic feature
Appliqué
A method of attaching fabrics shapes to a backing fabric
Written communication
Communication that is written e.g. appropriate text and font, use of space, audience, purpose, context
