PRELIM EXAM Flashcards
It is the study of how language serves and is shaped by the social nature of human beings. In its broadest conception, it analyzes the many diverse ways in which language and society entwine.
Socio linguistics
It is the phenomenon of speaking and understanding two languages.
Bilingualism
One of the four main components of language that governs the rules of combining words to form sentences, including sentence structure and word order.
syntax
The assimilation of language which the community shifts to different languages in an extended period of time.
language shift
It is the process by which a language’s structure and use change over time. These changes can affect the sound, meaning, and structure of a language.
language change
This type of language changes in which the addition of new words or the borrowing of words from other languages occurs.
lexical change
This type of language changes occurs when there is changes to the meaning of words, such as when a word’s connotation changes from positive to negative.
semantic change
This refers to the changes in the sound of a language that affect the pronunciation of words. Specifically, this relates to any changes in the phonological or phonetic structure of the language.
lexical change (phonetic and phonological changes)
This language change may happen when the minority group supports the minority language’s used in a number of domains.
attitude and values in language shift
This happened when a group of speakers relocates to an area or nation, where the language is different from their own, they are more likely to adopt the new language.
social factor in language shift
When someone alternates between languages or dialects within a single conversation or situation.
code switching
It happens when a single word or a tag phrase switched from one language to another.
code switching
It is the process by which a language loses its last native speaker and eventually becomes extinct. It is also called language extinction.
language death
The process of making a language spoken again when it is endangered or extinct. It is a subfield of linguistics that aims to preserve linguistic diversity and cultural heritage.
language revival
One person could actually adopt the enunciation or how another person spoke out his utterance towards the other, with this, change takes place.
lexical change (phonetic and phonological changes)
What do you call when a person can communicate in more than one language actively (through speaking, writing, or signing).
multilingual
Tagalog had its own writing system based on an ancient script called the that uses a syllabic alphabet.
baybayin
It is also known as language extinction.
language death
What is another term of the word code-switching?
code mixing
How many are the major dialects in the Philippines?
Eight (8) major dialects spoken by majority of the Filipinos: Tagalog, Cebuano, Ilocano, Hiligaynon or Ilonggo, Bicolano, Waray, Pampango, and Pangasinense.
It is a part of the family of Visayan languages and contains many Spanish loanwords. It is also known as Ilonggo because many of its speakers originate in the province of Iloilo.
hiligaynon
An Austronesian language belongs to the Malayo-Polynesian subfamily, with outside influences from Malay and Chinese, and later from both Spanish and American English through four centuries of colonial rule.
filipino language
The father of Filipino grammar and Tagalog language writer. He published the first grammar book of the national language Balarila ng Wikang Pambansa (Grammar of the National Language) which was commissioned by the Surian ng Wikang Pambansa (SWF).
Lope K. Santos
This refers to the form of education which involves teaching academic content in two languages, either a native language or a second language.
Bilingual Education
According to research, the implementation of BEP for this stage is crucial as it provides significant cognitive advantages, including improved executive function, enhanced problem-solving skills, greater cognitive flexibility, and better attention control.
early childhood or elementary
This language policy aims to strengthen the use of English language as medium of instruction in the educational system.
Executive Order No. 210
It is also known as the Bilingual Education Policy (BEP), established the use of Filipino and English as languages of instruction in the Philippines. The order was implemented by the Department of Education, Culture and Sports (DECS).
1974 Bilingual Education Policy (BEP)
What does Department Order No. 53-S 1987 talk about?
Department Order No. 53, s. 1987, in the Philippines, solidified the 1987 Policy on Bilingual Education, reinforcing the use of Filipino and English as media of instruction in schools. It aimed to develop competence in both languages, with Filipino used for subjects like social studies and English for subjects like science and mathematics, aligning with the 1987 constitutional mandate.
It is an act granting priority to residents of the barangay, municipality or city where the school is located, in the appointment or assignment of classroom public school teachers.
Republic Act No. 8190
CHED Memorandum Order (CMO) No. 59, s. 1996.
CHED Memorandum Order (CMO) No. 59, s. 1996, established the “New General Education Curriculum (GEC)” for higher education in the Philippines. It set the minimum requirements for the mandatory General Education Curriculum in tertiary courses, aiming to provide students with a well-rounded education and to foster their development as integral persons within both national and global communities. Essentially, it laid out the framework for the general education courses that all college students were required to take.
This encourage the use of English as the primary medium of instruction in higher education in the Philippines. The memorandum also outlined the roles of key supervisory positions in supporting school-based management.
Executive Order No. 210
Which order enjoined all departments/bureaus/offices/agencies/instrumentalities of the government to take such steps as are necessary for the purpose of using Filipino language in official transactions, communications and correspondence?
Executive Order No. 335, s. 1988
When was former President Corazon C. Aquino signed the Executive Order No. 335 s. 1988?
August 25, 1988.
What is one of the key focuses of Executive Order No. 335, s. 1988?
One of the key focuses of Executive Order No. 335, s. 1988 is to promote the use of the Filipino language in government operations, including official transactions, communications, and correspondence.
How does Executive Order No. 335, s. 1988 aim to prepare students for nation-building?
Executive Order No. 335, s. 1988 aims to prepare students for nation-building by promoting the use of the Filipino language in government and official functions, reinforcing national identity and unity. By integrating Filipino into official communications, the policy encourages its broader use in education, fostering a deeper understanding of governance and civic responsibility among students. This helps develop a generation of citizens who are linguistically equipped to participate actively in national affairs and contribute to the country’s progress.
In accordance to DepEd Memorandum No. 81, s. 2003, where shall English be used as the primary medium of instruction?
According to DepEd Memorandum No. 81, s. 2003, English shall be used as the primary medium of instruction in Science, Mathematics, and English subjects across all levels in the basic education system in the Philippines. This memorandum was issued to strengthen English proficiency among students while maintaining Filipino as a subject and as a medium for teaching other subjects like Araling Panlipunan (Social Studies).
How did the language policy 1987-2003 impact teacher appointments, specifically for non-Tagalog speakers?
The language policy from 1987 to 2003, particularly under the 1987 Constitution and the Bilingual Education Policy, impacted teacher appointments by requiring proficiency in both Filipino and English, which posed challenges for non-Tagalog speakers. Since Filipino (which is largely based on Tagalog) was emphasized as a medium of instruction alongside English, teachers from non-Tagalog-speaking regions had to undergo additional training to meet language requirements. This sometimes led to disadvantages in hiring and promotions for educators who were not native Tagalog speakers, as they had to develop proficiency in a language that was not their mother tongue.
How does Mother Tongue-Based Multilingual Education (MTB-MLE) potentially benefit students’ learning outcomes?
Mother Tongue-Based Multilingual Education (MTB-MLE) benefits students’ learning outcomes by enhancing comprehension, critical thinking, and overall academic performance through the use of their first language in early education. Learning in a familiar language helps students grasp concepts more easily, leading to better literacy skills, confidence, and engagement in the classroom. MTB-MLE also serves as a strong foundation for learning additional languages like Filipino and English, promoting better retention and smoother language transition as students progress in their education.
