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STS > prelim exam > Flashcards

prelim exam Flashcards

for exam

1
Q

It is the time period whenadvancements of S & T changed people’s perceptions and beliefs.

A

INTELLECTUAL
REVOLUTION

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2
Q

what are the three types of intellectual Revolution

A

Freudian Revolution, Copernican, Revolution
Darwin Revolution

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3
Q

who is the father of psychoanalysis

A

Sigmund Frued

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4
Q

is the study that explains human behaviour.

A

Psychoanalysis

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5
Q

What are the three conflicting elements in Sigmund Freud’s theory of personality?

A

ego, superego, instincts

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6
Q

Pleasure principle
*Born with it
*Libido – sexual energy
*Fights with the
Superego

A

The ID/ instinct

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7
Q

Moral Principle
*Develops around 5/6
*Fights with the ID

A

The Superego

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8
Q

Reality Principle
*Develops in childhood
*Balances the demands of the ID and the moral rules of the Superego

A

Ego

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9
Q

He believed that the Earth was at the center concepts known as
Geocentrism.

A

Claudius Ptolemy

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10
Q

a polish mathematicianand astronomer, challenge the
Ptolemaic Model.
* He formulated the “Heliocentrism”
* Earth revolves around the sun
* Sun is stationary at the center of the

A

Nicolaus Copernicus

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11
Q

is widely known for developing the theory of evolution by natural selection

A

Charles Darwin

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12
Q

is based on the idea thatall species are related andgradually change over time.

A

Theory of Evolution

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13
Q

Evolution can be passed through
the process of

A

Natural Selection

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14
Q

It is the process by which organisms that are better adopted to their environments produce more offspring to transmit their genetic characteristics.

A

Proposed natural selection

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15
Q

the better adapted a species is, the more fitted it is to reproduce

A

Survival of the fittest

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16
Q

he was a pioneering mathematician, logician, and computer scientist. He is often regarded as the father of computer science and artificial intelligence.

A

Alan Turing

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17
Q

what is the main way of transfering information before the computers

A

face-to-face conversations or letters

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18
Q

CRADLES OF
EARLY
SCIENCE

A

Mesoamerica
*African
*Asian
*Middle east

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19
Q

Three sisters

A

beans, corn and squash

20
Q

Cotton plants were used to make

A

textile

21
Q

rubber trees were used top make

A

rubber balls

22
Q

First civilization to use a writingsystem called

A

Mayan Hieroglyphics

23
Q

combined planetary movements and constellation to tell the date

A

Devised calendars

24
Q

> ceremonial calendar
260 days cycle
divided into 20 mo, with 13 days / mo

A

Tzolk’in calendar

25
Q

> civil calendar
365 days cycle
divided into 18 mo, with 20 d / mo, and final period of 5 days

A

Haab’ calendar

26
Q

INCA
CIVILIZATION

A

Road paved with stones
* First to use the Irrigation systemand technique for storing waterfor their crops to grow in all typesof land
* Slash and Burn Technique -method of cultivation in whichforests are burned and cleared forplanting.

27
Q

system a knotted ropes to keep records

A

Quipu

28
Q

symbolize both wealth and status

A

Inca textiles

29
Q

Agricultural farming where land wasdivided into rectangular areas surrounded by canals

A

Chinampa

30
Q

Year of 360days with 12 equal parts of30 days each

A

Aztec or Mexicacalendar

31
Q

ASIAN INTELLECTUAL
REVOLUTION

A

Worlds great early Asian civilization: one from India and from China
* Civilization arose in the Indus Valley 4000 years ago
* People used weapons and utensils made of bronze and copper
* Shops are established around Mohenjo-Daro

32
Q

a natural system of medicine

A

Ayurveda

33
Q

describes different surgical and other medical procedures

A

Susruta Samhita

34
Q

book written in
12th century that contains Indians interest in
astronomy.

A

Siddhanta Shiromani by Bhaskara II-

35
Q

earliest knowledge about mathematics first appeared.

A

Indus Valley Civilization

36
Q

Indian astronomer
- introduced trigonometric function
- tables and technique
- algebra algorithm

A

Aryabhata

37
Q

Suggested that gravity was a force of attraction
* Zero as both place holder and decimal digit
* Hindu- arabic numeral system

A

Brahmagupta

38
Q

Founder of mathematical analysis

A

Madhava of
Sangamagrama

39
Q

Product of centuries of experiences and discovery of Chinese people

A

Traditional medicines

40
Q

form of treatment thatinvolves inserting very thin needlesthrough a person’s skin at specific pointson the body, to various depths

A

Acupuncture

41
Q

CHINA
Technology
* Compass
* Papermaking
* Gunpowder
* Printing tools
* Iron plough
* Wheelbarrow
* Propeller
* Seismological detector
* Dry dock facility
* Designed different models of bridges

A

asian = smart

42
Q

First writing system in the world

A

Cuneiform

43
Q

developed the concept of the algorithm in mathematics
-Gave his name to the concept of algorithm
-Derived from al-jabr
* Refine the Arabic Numeral System

A

Muhammad ibn Musa Al Khwarizmi

44
Q

considered by some scholars as Father of Chemistry

A

Jabir ibn Hayyan

45
Q

Pioneered in
experimental medicine
- 1st physician to
conduct clinical trials
- Book of Healing and
The Canon of Medicine

A

Ibn Sina

46
Q
A

STS (1 decks)

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