Prelim - Ch. 1 & 2 - Social & Ethical, Hardware & Software Flashcards
Social & Ethical Issues Hardware & Software
Define ergonomics
The study of the relationship between people and their work environment.
Define intellectual property
An invention, trade mark, design, brand, or the application of an idea, usually covered by a license.
Define copyright
A legal right to licence the work of an author, artist or software developer.
Define public domain
No exclusive intellectual property rights apply.
Define User Interface
The space between human interactions and machines.
Define Creative Commons
Has released licences free of charge to the public, waiving or reserving some copyright
What does RSI stand for?
Repetitive strain injury (an injury caused by typing at a laptop for too long)
What does CTS stand for?
Carpal tunnel syndrome (A numbness and tingling in the hand and arm caused by a pinched nerve in the wrist.)
What does IP stand for and what does it mean?
Intellectual Property is property resulting from mental labour. IP Laws cover the design of most products to protect the rights of software developers.
What does GUI stand for and what does it mean?
Graphical User Interface. It allows users to interact with electronic devices through visual and auditory techniques. It uses a bitmapped display and as a result requires significant processing and storage.
What does CLI stand for and what does it mean?
Command Line Interface (a text-based user interface (UI) used to view and manage computer files)
Define a character
Keystroke from a keyboard
Define parse
To split a file or other input into pieces of data that can be easily stored or manipulated
Define cast
Change a variable from one form to another e.g. string to integer
Define function
Performs an operation and returns a value
Define process
Performs an operation
Define argument
A value passed into a process or function
What does a conditional test look like?
If statements:
IF (TEST) THEN{ //do process
}
ELSE IF(TEST) THEN{ // do a different process
}
ELSE{ // do another process
}What do conditional loops look like?
While loops:
WHILE(TEST is TRUE){ // do a process
}
FOR (TEST being TRUE){ // do a process for each iteration of the loop
}Define object-oriented programming (OOP)
A model of programming that revolves around objects and classes, instead of data. Examples of OO programming languages include C++, Java, Python etc
Define class
A set of related objects that may inherit properties, used in OOP. E.g. square inherits properties of a rectangle, which inherits properties of quadrilaterals etc
Define operators
Symbols with meaning: == != or <> \+ -
Define operands
Variables or values involved in operations
What are Low-level languages?
Hardware languages e.g. understood by assembler
