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PCD > Prelim > Flashcards

Prelim Flashcards

1
Q

Internal stresses are induced to counteract external stresses

A

Pre-stressed concrete

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2
Q

Introduced pre-stressed concrete

A

Eugene Freyssinet

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3
Q

Allow predetermined, engineering stresses to be placed in members to counteract stresses that occur when the unit is subjected to service loads

A

Prestressed concrete

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4
Q

Is a method in which compression force is applied to the reinforced concrete section

A

Prestressing

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5
Q

Types of prestressing

A 
External or internal prestressing
Pre-tensioning or post-tensioning
Linear or circular prestressing
Full, limited or partial prestressing
Uniaxial, biaxial or multi-axial prestressing
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6
Q

Two basic methods of applying prestress to a concrete member

A

Pre-tensioning

Post-tensioning

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7
Q

Tendons are tensioned against some abutments before the concrete is placed

A

Pre-tensioning

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8
Q

Tendons are tensioned after the concrete has hardened

A

Post-tensioning

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9
Q

Popular post tensioning system

A

Freyssinet system
Magnel blaton system
Giffort-udall system
Lee-mccall system

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10
Q

Is a single unit made of steel

A

Wire

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11
Q

Two, three or seven wires are wound to form this

A

Strands

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12
Q

A group of strands or wires

A

Tendons

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13
Q

A group of tendons

A

Cables

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14
Q

A tendon can be made up of single _______

A

Steel bar/ bar

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15
Q

May consist of single wires, multi-wire strands or threaded bars and are most commonly made from high tensile steels, carbon fiber or aramid fiber

A

Tendons

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16
Q

Tendons may be located within the concrete volume

A

Internal prestressing

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17
Q

Tendons may be located wholly outside of concrete volume

A

External prestressing

18
Q

Has prestressing tendons permanently bonded to the surrounding concrete

A

Bonded post tensioning

19
Q

Allowing the tendons permanent freedom of longitudinal movement relative to the concrete

A

Unbonded post-tensioning

20
Q

Consist of bundle high-strength strands placed inside ducts

A

Tendon grouting

21
Q

Comprise individual high-strength strands coated in an anti-corrosion grease or wax

A

Tendon coating

22
Q

Prestressing tendons undergoes a gradual reduction with time from the instant when the steel is first tensioned due to various causes

A

Loss of prestress

23
Q

Factors to the loss of prestress

A

Immediate losses

Differed losses

24
Q

Immediate losseso

A

Elastic shortening loss
Friction loss
Anchorage slip

25
Q

Differed losses

A

Stress relaxation

Shrinkage and creep of concrete

26
Q

Shortening of concrete compressed during stressing as the two occur simultaneously

A

Elastic shortening loss

27
Q

Curvature effect and wobble effect

A

Friction loss

28
Q

When the tendon is tensioned, and the jack is released to transfer prestresses to concrete, the friction wedges employed to grip the wires slip over a small distance before the wires are firmly housed causing ________

A

Anchorage slip

29
Q

The stretched tendons will lose some of its induced stress due to this phenomenon

A

Stress relaxation

30
Q

Drying the concrete as accompanied by a reduction in volume

A

Loss due to shrinkage

31
Q

The strain increases and the concrete element shortens

A

Loss due to creep

32
Q

Located as described in ACI at end of the third span

A

Construction joint

33
Q

Stages of design

A

Jacking stage
Service load stage
Factored load stage
Handling and transpo stage

34
Q

When tensile force in prestress is transferred to concrete

A

Jacking stage

35
Q

When long term volume changes have occured

A

Service load stage

36
Q

When the strength of member is checked

A

Factored load stage

37
Q

Extreme fiber stress in compression (NSCP)

A

0.6fci’

38
Q

Extreme fiber stress in compression at ends

A

0.7fci’

39
Q

Concrete tensile strength at ends

A

0.5sq.root of fc’

40
Q

Extreme fiber stress at other locations (simply supported)

A

0.25 sq.root of fc’

PCD (1 decks)

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