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Textiles > Prelim > Flashcards

Prelim Flashcards

1
Q

What are the elements of design?

A

line and direction
shape and size
texture
colour and value

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2
Q

What are the principles of design?

A

proportion
balance
rhythm
emphasis
contrast and harmony
Unity

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3
Q

What are the fabric structures?

A
  • Woven: warp, weft, selvege
  • Knitted: course, wale
  • Non-woven
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4
Q

Plain weave description, properties and example

A
  • Simplest, tightest and cheapest
  • 1 weft 1 warp alternation
  • Strong and smooth, resilient
  • Calico
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5
Q

Twill weave description, properties and example

A
  • Warp and weft interlace to form diagonal lines
  • 1 weft over 2 warp then under 1 or 2
  • Strong, firm, resists snags
  • Denim
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6
Q

Satin weave description, properties and example

A
  • Warp or weft yarns pass over 4 or more yarns before passing under 1
    “Floats”
  • High lustre, drapes well, poor abrasion resistance (snags easily)
  • Satin
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7
Q

Jacquard weave description, properties and example

A
  • Intricate weaves by manipulating individual warp yarns to create a pattern, expensive
  • Lustre contrasts, stable, snags
  • Brocade
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8
Q

Crepe weave description, properties and example

A
  • Random arrangement of floats - “pebble effect”, woven under tension
  • Wrinkle-free, comfortable, good to excellent drape
  • Bandages
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9
Q

Pile weave description, properties and example

A
  • Base fabric with plain or twill weave with extra warp or weft yarns, 3D structure
  • Good insulator, absorbent, soft
  • Towelling, velvet
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10
Q

Single knit description, properties and example

A
  • Constructed by weft knitting, definite right and wrong side
  • Unravels, good elasticity, low to medium drape
  • T-shirts, jumpers
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11
Q

Double-knit description, properties and example

A
  • Formed using two sets of needles,
    It looks the same on both sides
  • Resilient, low elasticity, good drape
  • Underwear, dresses
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12
Q

Pile knit description, properties and example

A
  • Formed using two sets of yarns
    • One forms base of fabric
    • Other forms are looped
  • Medium drape, medium elasticity, poor durability
  • Towels, beachwear, rugs
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13
Q

Tricot knit description, properties and example

A
  • Knitted on a flatbed knitting
    machine using two sets of warp threads that move from left to right with each new row. Fine and lightweight
  • Good drape, good elasticity, good resiliency
  • Lingerie, curtains
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14
Q

Lace knit description, properties and example

A
  • Knitted on Raschel flatbed knitting machine. Usually have elaborate patterns
  • Snags easily, Highly decorative, medium drape
  • Lingerie, wedding dresses
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15
Q

Nets knit description, properties and example

A
  • Constructed on a Raschel knitting machine using spun or textured yarns.
  • Poor dimensional stability, durable, sheer
  • Veils, fishnet stockings
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16
Q

True felt description, properties and example

A
  • Web is laid out and pressed with rollers
  • Good insulator, strong, resilient, poor drape
  • Coats, furnishings
17
Q

Needle felt description, properties and example

A
  • Web of fibres is laid out and the hot-barbed needles repeatedly matte the fibres together
  • Inelastic, lightweight, resilient
  • Carpet underlay, wadding
18
Q

Chemical bonding

A
  • Fibres are sprayed lightly with adhesive and dried
  • Absorbent, lightweight
  • Chux
19
Q

Thermo bonding

A
  • Web of synthetic fibres are passed through heated rollers
  • Cheap, washable
  • Interfacing, patternmaking
20
Q

Mechanical bonding

A
  • Web of synthetic fibres are passed through a needle loom to entangle them, then immersed into hot water, shrinking it
  • Strong, resilient, flexible
  • Stuffed toys, interlining
21
Q

Staple fibre

A

Non-continuous fibre - cotton, wool

22
Q

Filament fibre

A

Long continuous lengths - silk, nylon, polyester

23
Q

Woolen spun yarns

A
  • Lighter, airy –> have air pockets
24
Q

Worsted spun yarns

A
  • Heavier, even –> stronger and more durable
25
Q

Cotton properties

A
  • Poor drape, relatively strong, highly absorbent, inelastic
26
Q

Wool properties

A
  • Exceptional drape, weak strength, extremely absorbent, excellent elastic recovery
27
Q

Polyester properties

A
  • Good drape, relatively strong, poor absorbency, relatively elastic

Textiles (1 decks)

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