Prejudice Theories

Question 1

What is realistic conflict theory (RCT)

Answer 1

A situational theory of prejudice developed as an explanation of robbers cave proposed by Sherif

Question 2

What is Intergroup competition

Answer 2

When two or more groups are striving for the same goal, prejudice and hostility will intensify

Question 3

What is negative interdependence?

Answer 3

When two groups are striving for the same goal but one groups win is the others groups loss

Question 4

What is limited resources?

Answer 4

When struggles between groups comes about from scarce resources like food and territory or symbolic materials like political power, authority, and prestige

Question 5

What is positive interdependence

Answer 5

When neither group can reach a goal without the other group also reaching it

Question 6

What is superordinate goals?

Answer 6

Goals only achieved by two groups working cooperatively together

Question 7

What to use for AO3 for RCT

Answer 7

Always use Robbers Cave (1961) by Sherif

Question 8

What is social identity theory (SIT)

Answer 8

The idea that an individual has multiple social identities that correspond to circles of groups membership

Question 9

What is categorisation in SIT

Answer 9

looks at the way people put others into categories
e.g. their interests, gender, ethnicity etc

Question 10

What is identification in SIT

Answer 10

When people will choose to associate themselves with certain groups after social identity has been identified and this becomes your ingroup which boosts self esteem

Question 11

What is comparison in SIT

Answer 11

Viewing your social identity as superior to others which leads to prejudice

Question 12

Tajfel(1970) - Minimal Group Experiment

Answer 12

• showed school boys paintings which made groups
• school boys allocate points to other boys which are exchanged for cash
• if allocating to ingroup and out group, they gave more to their ingroup
• boys maximised the difference in points between ingroup and out group
• shows how social categorisation is sufficient to trigger ingroup favouritism and out group discrimination

Question 13

Margaret Wetherell (1982)

Answer 13

• did Tajfel experiment in NZ with polys and Caucasians
• found polys to be more generous to outgroup compared to white kiwis
• SIT is ethnocentric as it fails to predict collectivist minority cultures behaviour

Question 14

Cialdini (1976)

Answer 14

• observed clothing on a Monday after a football game in American college students
• students wore more football clothing when the team won
• after they interviewed students about the performance of the football game
• used pronoun “we” when team won and “they” when they lost
• shows people seek a positive social identity and membership to a social group affects behaviour of the individual

Question 15

Jane Elliot (1968)

Answer 15

• segregated school children into two groups, blue eyes and brown eyed
• teachers told blue eyes they were smarter, quicker and more successful and were given privileges and told brown eyes they were lazy and stupid
• blue eyes became bossy and arrogant and discriminated against brown eyes
• brown eyes became timid and submissive
• same thing happened when roles were reversed
• shows how being part of a group affects how you view yourself and your behaviour towards out groups