Prejudice Flashcards
Study!!
Describe direct discrimination.
Being treated worse than another person because you have a protected characteristic eg race or gender.
Describe indirect discrimination.
This is a less obvious form of discrimination.
Indirect discrimination is when a policy/practice
/procedure appears to treat everyone equally but in reality leads to people from a particular protected group being treated less favourably than others.
Describe stereotyping.
Stereotypes are fixed, and usually fairly simplistic, generalisations about a particular group or class of people.
Describe Scapegoat Theory
An extreme form of prejudice where an in-group unfairly blames a specific out-group for a set of problems.
Evaluate Scapegoat Theory
The theory does not explain why some groups are scapegoated and not others.
The theory does not fully explain why scapegoating happens.
Other theories such as RCT and SIT can explain more fully why we are prejudice towards some group and not others.
Evaluate Adorno’s Authoritarian Personality
Harsh parenting style does not always produce prejudice individuals.
Some prejudice people do not conform to the authoritarian personality type.
Does not explain why people are prejudice against certain groups and not others.
Adorno has also been criticised for his limited sample.
Describe Tajfel’s Social Identity Theory
Tajfel argues that individuals will categorise people into ‘in-groups’ and ‘out-groups’ and therefore, produce prejudice through a process of social competition.
Evaluate Social Identity Theory
Research behind the theory was a study conducted on males, can’t be generalised.
The theory can help explain in-group favouritism.
Can help explain in-group favouritism
What did Tajfel conclude from his Minimal Groups experiment.
Tajfel concluded that just being randomly assigned to a group is enough to cause group bias.
Evaluate Tajfel’s Minimal Groups Experiment
The task was highly artificial (low ecological validity).
Only included boys aged 14 - 15 from Bristol, England - cant be generalised.
Demonstrated that we discriminate very easily for trivial reasons.
Describe the results of Sherif’s Robber’s Cave Experiment
At the end of the first week stereotypical views of the in-group out-group were displayed.
The introduction of superordinate goals, where groups had to work together resulted in friendships and the disappearance of hostilities.
Evaluate Sherif’s Robber’s Cave Experiment
High ecological validity as it was a field experiment.
Mimicked the kinds of conflict that plague people all over the world.
There was no protecting from physical or psychological harm.
Describe ways to reduce prejudice
Education
Superordinate Goals
Jigsaw technique
Affirmative Action
Media
What can be concluded from Jane Elliot’s Blue Eyes/Brown Eyes experiment?
Membership in a group affects how you view yourself and how you treat others - Social Identity Theory
Elliott believed that, by getting the children to experience first-hand what it felt like to be victims of prejudice and discrimination, these children would grow up being more tolerant towards others.
What did Aronson conclude when using the Jigsaw technique?
That prejudice may be reduced by contact and communication.
