Pregnancy Flashcards - All
1
Q
Until when is a newborn’s head unstable?
A
4 months
2
Q
What should you keep in mind when putting a baby down?
A
Body down first, then head and neck
3
Q
Do you need to support baby’s head when they are over your shoulder?
A
No. Gravity keeps it from falling back
4
Q
How long before you can use product on the baby’s skin (soap, shampoo)?
A
1 month
Water wipes until then
5
Q
You should use a sponge and not do submerging bath with the baby until when?
A
until umbilical site fully healed
6
Q
How often to clean?
A
once a day or every other day tidy up
once a week or more if needed a full bath, until end of newborn period
7
Q
What should you focus on for tidy up?
A
Chin folds, armpits, genitals (for anything missed during diaper change)
8
Q
What should you use for tidy up?
A
Baby wash cloth
9
Q
What temperature should the wash cloth be?
A
98-99 degrees
10
Q
Where should baby face for tidy up?
A
Can be facing you or sideways so if they poop doesn’t get on you
11
Q
What extra thing should you do for tidy up with poop diaper?
A
Look inside and open labia to make sure no bowel movement.
12
Q
What’s good to do for weekly wash?
A
Put baby on wash cloth, more comfy, but baby might not want to do that
13
Q
What should you avoid scrubbing?
A
Any acne or anything that doesn’t come off easily, let it be, it’s normal
14
Q
What will happen if you swipe on their hands?
A
Their hands will close
15
Q
How do you clean the baby’s back in the weekly wash?
A
Hand on head and neck, roll them, get back, or can tilt them a little and go under them carefully
16
Q
How do you clean baby’s butt?
A
Can lift legs, one hand, finger between ankle
17
Q
Where is easiest for submerge bath once umbilical stump heals?
A
Kitchen counter
18
Q
What’s a way to help baby when washing in submerge weekly?
A
Put wash cloth on their body
19
Q
What do you have to be careful about when getting baby out of bath?
A
They’re really slippery
20
Q
What should you keep in mind when drying baby?
A
Dont rub too hard, can hurt skin
21
Q
What is the newborn diaper size?
A
Size N
22
Q
What is the size diaper that baby transitions into?
A
1
23
Q
What are ways to know if a diaper is wet?
A
Line turns blue
Or, feels wet
24
Q
What do you keep in mind regarding diapers while umbilical cord stump is healing?
A
Dont put diaper on the stump, have it below, fold it under
25
What should you keep in mind regarding tight/loose diapers?
Go tight, there will still be room, otherwise might fall off
26
Should you wipe if diaper is a pee diaper?
No, unless see pee. Diaper should absorb. Studies show otherwise you can get diaper rash if wipe unnecessarily.
27
Should you wipe if poo diaper?
Yes, similar to the tidy process
28
What's the first step for diaper change?
Lift baby up, put diaper below
29
What shouldn't you do with putting on a onesie?
Putting over face, they will freak out, instead create a hole and put it over head smoothly
30
What are the reasons for swaddling?
Simulates womb and keeps from startle reflex
31
Until when to swaddle?
First month a lot
Until about 3 months
32
When to swaddle?
Tired, falling asleep, putting them away
No need when holding them, you're serving the purpose
33
When not to swaddle?
When awake and active
34
When is the newborn period until?
through 3 months, (at 4 months)
35
What to do if baby has a lot of hair?
If in first month gets funky, maybe wash once in first month, maybe twice with shampoo, but no soap on rest of body or more often
36
How can you tell when umbilical stump is healed?
Gooey, then shrivels and dries, then lifts, off somewhat but not all the way, no nerve endings so not hurting, then falls off, not always healed after falling off, after falling off look at belly button, sometimes can tell, if gooey then still healing, some babies have deep belly button so have to open and use flashlight, anytime gooey then still healing, might be another week, if more like scab then healed, if see nothing then healed, can take photo and send to pediatrician
37
What kind of wipe for first month?
Water wipes for everything
38
What is the exception to product in first month?
Diaper rash cream
Doesnt prevent, just heals, if have red/white/yellow bumps or red raised area
39
How much diaper rash cream to use?
Be generous, even if rash only in one spot, cover bottom, not genitals, layer so skin won't touch poop or pee
40
How long does diaper rash take to heal with diaper rash cream?
3 days
41
When to use diaper balm?
After 1 month to prevent rashes, up to you, if prone to diaper rash then yes after every diaper change, if not and poop during day but not night, then can not put on at night
42
When to use pacifier?
Not routine, but if baby is fed and doesnt want more and yet giving signs still hungry, like smacking lips and trying to find something to suck on
43
When do they usually stop using pacifier?
2 months. talk to pediatrian. might need to ween off.
44
Should you swaddle for naps?
Yes naps as well as at night
45
Where is blue or grey a bad sign?
Mouth or nose, call 911. Other places fine
46
Is there a way to prevent blowout from getting out of diaper?
No. Other than making sure right size of diaper and putting it on tight.
47
How do you know when to get larger diaper?
When starting to touch genitals or not enough room with the tab. Should be baggy. Pinching only half an inch of room isn't enough. And if see skin on side because not wrapping all the way then size up, want more covered.
Should look like diaper is too big. Avoids blowouts and diaper rash.
48
When to burp a baby?
Often during feeding
If fussy and moving around
49
How to burp a baby?
Sit then on your knee, slump them forward, then tap back and rub, can use burp cloth
Can also lean them back and hold their neck with both hands and roll them around
Can also do over the shoulder, really far over, rub and pat, dont prefer because spit up goes where cant control, also cant see how much
50
What happens if baby doesn't burp?
Keep trying until 4 mins
51
How to know when baby is too cold/hot?
Baby cold to the touch, hot to the touch or sweaty
Baby needs what you'd want but maybe one fewer layer, very dangerous for baby to get overheated
52
What does baby have on when sleeping?
Footed pj and swaddle on top of that
Can also get sleep sack (both in 1)
Can vary based on temperature (might need extra layer if cooler or less if warmer)
53
What to keep in mind when going between temperatures?
Change how bundled baby is if going between temperatures.
54
Do we clean inside mouth?
No
55
Do we clean nose?
No, unless difficulty breathing, struggling to eat, they cant blow nose, so use bulb syringe, tapered and can clean it, also maybe nasal aspirator
56
How to clean nose?
Bulb syringe, can put breast milk to loosen
Nasal aspirator works too, has filter so nothing gets in your mouth
57
How many wash clothes per bath?
usually:
2 for tidy up
4 for full bath
58
Do you need to wash your hands before diaper change?
No typically. Dont overwash your hands or will be dried and cracked. Want the baby's immune system to get some exposure.
59
Do you trim newborn nails?
Ya. Baby nail scissors. 1.5-2 weeks.
If use file will do it every 3-4 days.
Toenails won't need until 1-2 months.
60
Should you ever cover baby's hands?
No typically, no mittens etc, so can explore their bodies and hands
61
How to make trimming baby nails a bit easier?
Ideally when sleeping or at least drowsy or otherwise use changing table and little by little, usually takes two swipes
62
What is the top of the uterus called?
Fundus
63
What is the bottom part of the uterus called?
Cervix
64
What needs to happen to cervix in order for baby to get out?
1. Effacement: Soften, thin out and shorten (prostaglandin)
2. Dilate (open up), to approx 10 cm (4 in) to get out
65
When does effacement happen?
Some happens before labor, majority happens in early part of labor
66
When does dilation start?
Can happen before labor, but majority will happen during labor.
67
What hormone does mom's body release to fuel contractions?
Oxytocin
68
What is the goal of a contraction?
To dilate the cervix
69
What is oxytocin also called?
Love hormone, cuddle hormone
70
What is the primary job of the partner during labor?
Relaxation, safety, love. To fuel oxytocin and thus contractions.
71
What is labor?
Contractions that get stronger, longer, closer together in order to dilate cervix
72
What are the three phases of the first stage?
Early, active and transition
73
What happens in early labor?
Mild contractions, far apart
74
What should partners do when labor starts?
Use app to track contractions
75
How are contractions timed?
Beginning of one contraction to beginning of next
76
When is it usually advisable to go to the hospital for labor?
when contractions are 4 or 5 minutes apart, and 1 min start to finish, and this scenario has been happening for 1 hour
77
What determines how far dilated mom is?
Cervical check
78
Where are contractions often felt initially?
Initially down below, also in back
79
How is mom emotionally in early labor?
Chatty, feeling well
80
How long are breaks between contractions to duration of contractions?
Breaks are always longer than contraction duration
81
When does active labor start (what dilation)?
6 cm
82
What is early labor known for?
Long and easy
83
What is active contractions known for?
3-4 mins apart, 1 min long, all contractions
84
When does transition begin (what dilation)?
8 cm
85
What is transition known for?
short, intense. 1 min break between contractions.
86
Does transition get harder?
No. 8cm is hardest. 9-10cm aren't harder.
87
When does self doubt become apparent?
Transition
88
Where do you feel contractions during transition?
Uterus, pelvis, glutes, thighs
89
What is the end of the first stage of labor?
When dilation is complete (10 cm)
90
What is the second stage of labor?
Pushing/birthing
91
What is the first thing that happens in the second stage of labor?
Uterus takes a bit of a break
92
What is the second thing that happens in the second stage of labor?
Muscles at top push down, 45-60 seconds per contraction
93
How long is the second stage of labor?
1-3 hours, can be longer for first-time mom
94
What's important in the early part of labor?
Conserve energy so that have energy when get to 10 cm
95
When does the second stage of labor end?
When baby is out
96
How long is delayed cord clamping?
A few mins
97
Do contractions end after baby comes out?
No, they continue to loosen placenta
98
How long does it take to loosen placenta?
up to half an hour
99
Does OB pull the placenta out?
No. They let it come out on its own
100
Why does birthing the placenta matter?
Important for health of the mom
101
What will OB ask mom to do during third phase?
Push once more to get placenta out
102
When does third stage of labor end?
When placenta comes out
103
When do babies go to head-down position?
32-34 weeks
104
What position is important for first or second stage of labor?
Upright (weight of baby's head pushes on cervix, which helps contractions open it) and resting
105
What are obvious upright positions? What are the downsides?
Stand and walk. But can't do it for hours and hours. So find restful upright positions
106
What are examples of upright and restful positions?
Sitting on chair or yoga ball, kneeling
107
What adds comfort after being upright and restful?
Tilting forward a bit
108
What are ways to tilt forward?
Standing and leaning forward, sitting and leaning forward, kneeling and leaning forward (e.g. over yoga ball)
109
What position is good in the hospital?
Putting yoga ball on bed and kneeling over it, hands and knees position, change position of bed to lower one end, lift the other
110
What can you influence with regard to contractions?
Intensity (can't influence that you have contractions, want them). By being upright, relaxed and tilted forward)
111
What can mom do to change pelvis position?
Walk, rock, circles, lifting leg and lunging
112
What hormone is released starting 8 wks to soften joints, ligaments?
Relaxin
113
What move does the baby do to help get through pelvis?
Tuck chin
114
What part of the baby exits first?
Crown of head
115
What are soft spots between plates of baby's head called?
Fontanelles. Let plates overlap so baby can get out more easily.
116
How many movements does the baby go through to get out the pelvis?
7 cardinal movements of labor
117
What is the opening of the pelvis called? Bottom part?
Inlet, outlet
118
What is the shape of the inlet?
Narrower front to back, wider side to side
119
What helps the baby try out different spots and drop into pelvis?
Moving your body
120
What bones in the pelvis protrude inward?
ischial spines
121
What is zero station?
When baby reaches ischial spines
122
What does the baby do at zero station?
make a turn to face backwards, because at that part of pelvis it's wider front to back
123
What last thing has to happen to get shoulders out?
Turns one more time to face right leg to let shoulders come out through ischial spines
124
What is the baby's job in child birth?
To rotate through your pelvis
125
What is mom's job during labor?
Help baby be born, make wiggle room in pelvis to make space to help baby make necessary rotations
126
When does the baby move?
When having contractions
127
When does mom need to move?
When have contractions
128
How can mom move during contractions?
Rock side to side, front to back, which makes wiggle room
129
What benefits are there for movement during contractions?
Shorter labor
130
What is the mantra to keep in mind?
Motion is lotion
131
What is the birth dance?
Change positions frequently during labor
132
When to start thinking of changing positions?
When contractions 10 mins or less apart
133
What positions are good to cycle between?
Standing, kneeling, sitting
134
What is a way to think of mom's role during labor?
Active participant. Not happening to you, happening with you.
135
How much movement each day?
30 mins each day
136
What type of exercise should mom do 30 mins a day?
walking
137
Why is exercise important during pregnancy?
More comfortable, and labor will be shorter, stamina to delay medicine, recovery will be better
138
What is really important in third trimester?
Good posture, avoid slouching, good alignment
139
What should everyone get?
Yoga ball, birth ball
140
How to sit on ball?
Knees far apart, separate legs, good prep, opens pelvis, sway/rock/bounce
141
What's another thing to do with yoga ball?
Lean back against ball against wall, then squat
142
How much does squatting open the pelvis?
28-30%
143
How much water to drink?
Half of body's weight in ounces (so if 150 lbs then 75 ounces each day)
144
How long does braxton hicks contraciton last?
Seconds, sometimes even minutes
145
What are braxton hicks contractions?
Practice for labor for uterus
146
What else can cause braxton hicks contractions?
Dehydration
147
What do muscles including uterus need?
1. Hydration, definitely during labor, but also now
2. Oxygen (in labor during contraction, don't stop breathing)
3. Blood flow
148
What should you drink (anecdotally, not evidence-based)?
Red raspberry leaf tea
149
How much red raspberry leaf tea and when?
32-34 weeks, 1 cup a day
37 weeks, 2 cups a day
150
How many and when to eat dates?
Last month of pregnancy, 36-40 weeks
4 mejul dates or 6 deglat moor dates (70 grams)
151
What does the cervix feel as it starts to soften?
Nose, earlobe, lip
152
What is good about a softer cervix?
Dilation is easier, and labor is shorter
153
What helps may help overstretching of vagina when baby's head and shoulders come through for first-time mom?
Perineal massage, more elastic and stretchy for when baby's head comes through
154
What is really important in child birth prep?
Prepare the mind, fill mind with positivity surrounding childbirth
155
What does stress cause during labor?
Constrict uterus, so it has to work harder, experience more pain, more fearful, viscious circle
156
What can you do to relax mind and fill with positivity?
Birth stories, podcasts
157
What is the most valuable tool in childbirth?
Breathe slowly. Intentionally, mindfully, slowly. In 3-4 seconds (abdomen expands), exhale for a bit longer than inhale (6-8 seconds).
158
Why is breathing important?
Slow and mindfully makes heart even keeled, rest and digest, parathetic nervous system, when nice and relaxed, oxytocin flows.
159
What happens when breath is fast?
Heart pounds and brain thinks there's a problem, fight or flight, blood goes to hands and feet (taking away from digestive system and uterus), adrenaline, body on high alert
160
What happens when stress starts?
Oxytocin goes away, contractions go away, labor stalls
161
What other issue happens if blood flow isn't going to uterus?
Not going to placenta or baby either. So practice breathing
162
What are signs of labor beginning?
Baby drops a bit ("lightening"), might breathe easier, profile might look differently
163
When does first signs of labor happen in first-time mom?
around 38 weeks
164
What is blob of mucus that comes off around start of labor?
Mucus plug
165
How long away is labor when mucus plug comes off?
Could be as long as a few weeks
166
What are the signs of labor coming?
1. Baby drops (lightening)
2. Mucus plug falls off
3. Back pain
4. Loose bowel movements
5. Fragile emotionally, short-tempered, wheapy
6. More braxton hicks
7. Bloody show (capilaries bursting from dilating a bit), means labor very close, likely last sign
167
What are the 2 true signs of labor?
1. Bag of water breaks
2. Labor contractions
168
What does water breaking look like?
Gush or trickle
169
What are the implications of water breaking?
Risk of infection goes up after a few days
170
How often does water breaking happen?
1 out of 10 women
171
Do you have to go to hospital right away if bag of water breaks?
No
172
What questions will OB ask if water breaks?
1. Time
2. A lot or little
3. Smell
4. Color (most interested). Clear=awesome, brown/green=bowel movement inside of you
173
How many hours after water breaks do contractions start?
12-18 hours
174
What to do when water breaks (other than what to note)?
Can get on yoga ball, get labor going, etc
175
Why does color matter when water breaks?
If brown/green then will go to hospital, not medical emergency, but baby is swimming in poo-filled water and want to monitor and get labor started
176
What is name of the first poo?
Meconium
177
How long are contractions when they start?
20-40 seconds
178
What is most important thing to do when contractions start and it's night time?
Try to get sleep, stamina is important, sleep between contractions
179
In early labor what should partner do?
Distract her, bake book, get car ready
180
When should you start changing positions every 5 contractions?
When can't distract her
181
What else is important during early labor?
- Eating and drinking (light, easily digested, nothing spicy or heavy or greasy or acidic). Scrambled eggs, oatmeal, yogurt, toast. Grazing small bites frequently, to not overtax digestive system.
- Go to bathroom frequently, hang out longer, 10-15 mins, when sit on toilet conditioned to relax pelvic floor
182
How should mom sit on the toilet when relaxing?
Sit backwards, put pillow on tank, upright restful position, legs wide apart
183
What is sitting on the toilet called during early labor?
"dilation station"
184
What happens when get to hospital?
1. Admitted
2. Undressed and get hospital gown on
3. Monitors on
4. Blood draw
5. IV fluids
6. Cervical check
185
What three things happen to contractions over course of labor?
Longer, stronger, closer together
186
What is important for mind to say to yourself when contractions are longer, stornger, closer together?
Great something is right here (otherwise will cause problems with stress)
187
How long will you be on monitors when get to hospital?
1-hour. After that intermittent monitoring, every 45 mins or so off monitors then 15 mins on monitors
188
What do you need in order to request epidural?
1 IV, because raises blood volume in prep for epidural side-effect of lower blood pressure
189
What is the most intense dilation of labor?
8 cm
190
What can help with ambiance?
Battery-operated lights, anything to help relax, sounds, playlist, white noise
191
When can you have epidural?
Anytime in first stage of labor, 1cm to 10 cm
192
Until what dilation should you try to wait until to get a epidural?
7 cm, because otherwise will get petosin also because epidural could slow down labor. if wait, uterus won't slow down
193
What does epidural mean?
Stuck in bed
194
What should you still do despite epidural?
Birth dance, change position every 30 mins, need to ring for nurse because can't do it alone
195
What is another thing to have in hospital during birth?
Peanut ball, shortens by minimally 1.5 hours
196
What sensation can you still feel despite epidural?
Rectal pressure
197
What is best place to be during transition phase?
In water, tub or shower
198
What happens to the birth dance at second stage of labor?
Continues, until baby is in your arms, change pushing positions frequently
199
What are good pushing positions?
1. Start on back, but not great because baby needs to push uphill, and sacrum in back of pelvis can't move and create space if pushing on back
2. Sidelying, push five times on this position, sacrum out of the way
3. Hands and knees, great position
4. Other side
5. Squat bar, upright forward leaning
200
What are the best pushing positions to protect perineum?
1. Side, 2. hands and knees
201
How many hours more in L&D room after baby comes out?
2 hours
202
At what dilation will hospital admit you?
4 cm (at Lenox)
203
What tubes are there when have an epidural?
1. Blood pressure monitor
2. IV
3. monitors on uterus
4. epidural catheter
5. catheter to bladder
204
When is full-term?
37 weeks
205
When are first-time moms more likely to give birth?
41 weeks
206
When is induction usually recommeded?
41 weeks and 6 days
207
What are good bars to eat to get dates?
Lara bars
208
What is important to relax?
Jaw, which has connection to pelvic floor
209
What can partners do to relax mom?
Look for places of tension
210
How can you tell if baby is headdown?
Feel for baby's hiccups, which will tell you where the head is, if under rib then baby is not headdown
211
How can you tell where baby's legs are?
Where the strongest kicks are
212
Is it common for something to come out of rectum during pushing?
Yep, needs to come out because baby coming out behind that, don't fret, it's the least of your worries
213
By when should you eat?
By active part of labor, because by then won't have appetite
214
Is full anesthesia common in labor?
No very rare for pregnancy
215
How long does mom bleed after birth?
6 weeks or longer, but heavy is just at beginning
216
What can you squeeze to distract from the pain of the contractions?
Squeezing combs
217
When does the colostrum give way to milk?
Day 3
218
What will the first two days after birth feel like?
Not any different. But promise colostrum is in there.
219
What will day 3 feel like?
Breasts change, "coming in"
220
How often does baby go to breast?
8 times every 24 hours
221
Whn does the baby start taking solid food?
6 months, but keeps breastfeeding until 1 year
222
Until when does the baby breastfeed?
At least 1 year, and longer if you want
223
What does breastmilk have that formula doesn't?
Germfighters, etc
224
What do you need to do for breastfeeding while pregnant?
Learn. Otherwise, nothing.
225
What creates breastmilk supply?
Demand. The more baby/pump takes the more you make.
226
What is critical to breastfeeding success?
Starting to breastfeed in the first few days. Otherwise body gets signal not to make, and might not recover from that.
227
What happens in first hour after birth?
Baby on breast will have sequences of reflexes to breastfeed
228
What is a common pattern for quitting breastfeeding?
Shallow latch -> baby doesn't get enough and mom has pain -> not enough milk -> baby is hungry -> mom gets less milk
229
While figuring out how to latch baby what should you do?
Pump, to keep the milk supply
230
How often does the baby feed?
8 times in 24 hours, minimum
231
How often do pump/feed to program milk supply?
8 times in 24 hours, minimum
232
What triggers the baby's mouth to open?
Chin at the breast
233
What shape should breast be in during feeding?
Burger shape
234
How should you aim the baby's positioning when breastfeeding?
Via shoulders not the head, dont mess with the head too much
235
How to take the baby off your breast to avoid nipple trauma?
Use your finger to break suction, dont just pull the baby off
236
How do you knwo if baby is getting enough?
1) Diaper count, 2) baby behavior, 3) weight gain
237
What is best way to make sure baby is getting enough to eat?
Diaper count. Critical. Need to count.
238
What is not good way to know if baby is hungry?
Giving them a bottle to see if they drink. They'll drink even if not hungry.
239
How many poos and pees on days 1-3?
1: 1 poo 1 pee. 2: 2 poo 2 pee. 3: 3 poo 3 pee. If less than that get help.
240
How many poos and pees after day 3?
Poo stays at expecting 3+ thereafter. Pee goes up to 5 by day 3 and stays at 5+ thereafter.
241
What is common on night 2?
Cluster feeding for a night
242
What is normal and starts to get better at week 4-6?
Engorgement of breasts
243
What should the partner do to help in hospital when learning with lactation consultant?
Take pictures
244
How can partners help breastfeeding partner?
changing diaper, burping, pillows, feed mom
245
When should you use pump?
Leave it alone in first few weeks if going well, baby will program your supply well.
246
When to introduce bottle?
Around week 3-4. If do it later then baby might not be cool with it.
247
Should you pump after every feeding?
No. This can create an oversupply. Body will think you have twins.
248
Should you pump the other breast?
No. This can create an oversupply.
249
How to feed the baby with bottle?
"Paced bottle feeding" baby should be upright, not bottle vertical and baby horizontal, can't stop when they want to stop, will chug because of reflexes not because want to. Give the baby breaks, "help them put their dinner fork down"
250
What to do when leaking on other breast?
Usually let it leak, catch it, but dont pump because then it'll continue leaking. Sometimes want that but often no.
251
When exclusively pumping how often should you pump?
8 times in 24 hours. Can create schedule if want. Dont have to.
252
What can you eat while breastfeeding?
All good. Baby starts to get to know flavors of table food that eating. When start eating solid foods like it and more adventurous. Need 500 extra calories a day. Spicy, acidic foods -- all ok.
253
How much caffeine when breastfeeding?
Limit to ~300 mg a day
254
Should we meet with lactation consultant before birth?
Yes
255
Should you pop "pimples" that show up on breast?
No. They're not pimples. Dont mess with them.
256
Is cluster feeding an indication of anything being wrong?
No. 4-6 weeks is what can expect. Once a day.
257
What size counts as a poop?
Quarter-sized
258
Is there wiggle room for poo and pee count?
No range. Hitting or not. If not, get help right away. Varies, but get help.
259
Can you feed before 3 hours?
Yes. Respond to what the baby needs. Should be latching anytime they're hunger.y If too much then get help dont use pacifier.
260
Can use pacifier?
Yes, it's a tool, not good or bad, but don't use it to delay feeding. Use it when you know baby is fed and wants to soothe. Can also use breast to soothe (natural pacifier).
261
How much should the baby drink in first few days?
Very little. Teaspoon first day, 2 teaspoons second day, day 3 is tablespoon or two, about an ounce on day 3-4, end of first week is ?, about 2.5-3 ounces by end of second week, 3 ounches per feeding at end of month. Talk to pediatrician though.
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What are the limits to storing breastmilk?
4 hours at room temperature, 4 days in fridge, 6-12 months in freezer
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What's a good way to make sure breastmilk doesn't go bad?
Mark it
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What's a good way to make sure breastmilk doesn't go bad?
Mark it
265
What questions should be asked for any medical intervention?
BRAIN: Benefits, Risks, Alternatives, Intuition, Nothing
Also, Barbara adds: Why?
