Pregnancy Flashcards
What contributes to insulin resistance in mothers?
Progesterone
Human placental lactogen (HPL)
What is gestational diabetes?
Diabetes that develops during pregnancy and goes away afterwards.
Complications associated with gestational diabetes in pregnancy
Macrosomia (newborn who is significantly larger than normal)
Polyhydramnios (excess amniotic fluid)
Intrauterine death
Complications of pregnancy associated with type 1 and type 2 diabetes
All complications also associated with gestational diabetes. Also: Congenital malformation Prematurity Intra-uterine growth retardation
Complications associated with diabetes in a neonate
Respiratory distress syndrome due to immature lungs
Hypoglycaemia- feotus is used to receiving high levels of glucose from the mother, when this is taken away e.g. at birth there is a risk of hypo
Hypocalcaemia- which may cause fits.
Management of type 1 and 2 diabetes in pregnancy
Pre-pregnancy counselling Folic acid Consider change from tablets to insulin Regular eye checks BP control- taken off ACEI and statins.
What is monitored throughout pregnancy for all diabetes
Blood pressure
HBA1C
Blood glucose
Which type 2 diabetes medications are acceptable to be used during pregnancy?
Metformin
Glibenclamide (only sulphonylurea allowed)
Insulin
What treatment would you give someone suffering gestational diabetes?
Lifestyle changes
Metformin
Sometimes insulin
What is the significance of having gestational diabetes?
Likely to develop type 2 diabetes because it shows you are likely to have insulin resistance.
T or F. Gestational diabetes occurs in the first trimester?
F- develops in the 2nd.
T or F. Methyldopa in pregnancy is a good treatment for blood pressure
T
T or F. Maternal hyperinsulinaemia causes increased feotal growth.
F- Maternal hyperglycaemia not the maternal hyperinsulaemia
T or F. The corpus luteum secretes HCG
False
T or F. After a pregnancy with GDM, the risk of developing type 2 diabetes in the next 10 years is 10%.
False- 90%
