Pregnancy Flashcards
How long is the second trimester?
Beginning of 14th week–>27th week
How long is the third trimester of pregnancy?
Starts at the beginning of the 28th week and ends with labour.
What position is best suited for the 1st trimester?
Supine, prone, side lying, semireclining/fowler, depending on client comfort and health. Adjust for breast tenderness.
What position is best for 2nd trimester?
Prone position not recommended- even with cutouts.
Supine w/ pillow under R. Lower torso up to week 22. After week 22, supine is not recommended.
Use semi-fowler& side lying positions only to prevent supine hypotensive syndrome. Chair massage is also ok if intrauterine strain is not present.
What position is best in the 3rd trimester?
Side lying and semi-fowler positions only. Chair ok if safe.
What position is best for high risk pregnancies?
For high risk pregnancies the mother should lay on her left side (side lying-Left for Life). This allows easier organ function and puts less compression on the aorta.
What are the benefits of having a pregnant patient lay side lying?
- maximizes maternal cardiac function and fetal oxygenation
- avoids sinus congestion
- reduces yeti be ligament strain
- decreases edema
- avoids increases intrauterine pressure or supine hypotension
- facilitates sharing and communication
- decreases weight borne on breasts
What are some symptoms experienced during the 1st trimester?
- Morning sickness
- frequent urination (progesterone increase causes smooth mm of bladder to relax)
- constipation
- BP drops from progesterone (only during 1st trimester)
- fuller, tender breasts
- mm changes d/t relaxin particularly effects ligaments and Jt Capsules
What are some symptoms of 2nd trimester?
- edema, mechanical d/t weight of uterus on inhuman area=edema in legs
- increase BP
- hypertension
- can have supine hypotension d/t compression of inf.vena cava by fetus in supine
- shortness of breath
- backache d/t lumbar being pulled ant. & jts are loose so posture relies more heavily on mm’s
- abdominal P
- -pubic symph P
- haemorrhoids
- varicose veins
Sxs of 3rd trimester?
Potential for gestational diabetes
- ketoacidosis(2nd to diabetes)
- compression syndrome (ex:TOS & carpal tunnel d/t edema)
- backache
- Braxton hicks
- sacroiliac sprain-=v.painful =difficulty walking
- leg cramps
- possible dvt ( do homans tests if cramps present)
- pelvic discomfort
- costal margin P
- frequent urination
What are the mm’s of the pelvic floor?
Sphincter ani, levator ani, and coccygeus (also obturator internus)
Extra: obturator internus rep can refer around coccyx area and sometimes spills over to include the post. Prox thigh where as other pelvic floor mm refer locally to coccyx area.
What mm’s should you avoid doing deep vigorous techniques on for someone who is pregnant?
Although gracilis and adductor Magnus may have pain referrals it is bcuz they are working extra hardy. Med.leg create functional stability. also d/t possible blood clot in legs.
What are the uterine ligaments?(that hold it in place)
- round ligament
- broad ligament
- sacrouterine ligament
What is the round ligament?
The round ligament of the uterus originates at the uterine horns in the parametrizing. It leaves the pelvis via the deep inhumanly ring and passes the inguinal canal and continues to the labia majors where it’s fivers spread and mix with the tissue of the mons pubis.
It’s function is the maintain the ante flexion of the uterus during pregnancy. Normally the cardinal log is what supports the uterine angle however during pregnancy the round lig to idea extra support for expansion and weight.
The round lig refers pain from the superior uterus to the groin; usually one sided, depending on fetal position; sometimes as extensively felt as the vulvar & upper thigh fascia.
What is the broad ligament?
Broad ligament is the wide fold of the peritoneum that connects the sides of the uterus to the walls and floor of the pelvis.
It can be divided into 3 su component:
1. Mesometrium
2. Mesosalpinx
3. Mesovarium
It serves as a mesentery for the uterus, ovaries and uterine tubes.
***broad lig refers P to low back, butt, and sciatic like pain referral pattern, especially in 6th mth, and often disappears for 7 or 8th.
