Pregnancy

Question 1

The development of a zygote int an embryo and then into a fetus in preparation for childbrith

Answer 1

Pregnancy

Question 2

Earliest part of childhood. It is the period from birth through age one

Answer 2

Infancy

Question 3

Occur during ages two and three and are the end of early childhood

Answer 3

Toddler years

Question 4

Major stage of human life cycle that takes place from ages four to eight

Answer 4

Childhood

Question 5

The period from ages nine to thirteen, which is the beginning of adolescence

Answer 5

Puberty

Question 6

the stage that takes place between ages fourteen and eighteen

Answer 6

Older adolescence

Question 7

The period from adolescence to the end of life and begins at age 19

Answer 7

Adulthood

Question 8

The period of adulthood that stretches from age 31 to 50

Answer 8

Middle age

Question 9

Extends from age 51 - end of life

Answer 9

Senior years , or old age

Question 10

Pregnancy lasts about how many weeks?

Answer 10

40 weeks

Question 11

how many weeks does 1st, 2nd, and third trimester has

Answer 11

1st - week 1 - 12
2nd - week 13 - 27
3rd - week 28 - birth

Question 12

One of the mos notable and significant changes in pregnancy is?

Answer 12

Weight gain

Question 13

Pregnant women of normal weight should gain between ___ and ___ pounds in total through the entire pregnancy

Answer 13

25 and 35

Question 14

Poor weight gain, especially in the ___ trimester, could result not only in low birth weight, but also infant mortality and intellectual disabilities

Answer 14

Third

Question 15

pregnant women with a prepregnancy BMI below 20 are at a higher risk of a preterm deliver and an ______ infant

Answer 15

Underweight

Question 16

Pregnant women with a pre pregnancy BMI above 30 have an increased risk of the need for a ____ section during delivery

Answer 16

Cesarean

Question 17

BMI and pregnancy

Prepregnancy BMI Weight category. RWgain

Answer 17

Below 18.5. Underweight. 28-40lbs
18.5-24.9. Normal 25-35lbs
25-29.9. Overweight. 15-25lbs
Above 30. Obese. 11-20lbs

Question 18

During the first trimester, what is the energy req that a pregnant women should consume

Answer 18

1800 cal if sedentary lifestyle
2000 cal if moderately active
2200 cal if active

Question 19

During the first trimester, what is the energy req for a pregnant woman to consume

Answer 19

1800cal if living in sedentary lifestyle
2000cal if moderately active
2200 if active

Question 20

As the pregnancy progresses, a women must increase her caloric intake due to increase in metabolism

Answer 20

Energy requirement

Question 21

How many additional calories should a pregnant woman consume per day during the second trimester and third?

Answer 21

2nd - additional 340 calories per day
3rd - additional 450 calories per day

Question 22

RDA of carbohydrates during pregnancy to duel fetal brain development

Answer 22

175 - 265 grams per day

Question 23

RDA of protein during pregnancy is?

Answer 23

71grams per day

Question 24

Fats should make up ___ to ___ % of daily calories

Answer 24

25-35%

Question 25

Ideally, a pregnant women should eat __ to __ of dietary fibers per day

Answer 25

25 - 30

Question 26

Insoluble fibers acts as a ___, which softens stools and speeds the elimination of waster material through the colon to avoid constipation

Answer 26

Natural laxative ( whole grains, fruits, vegetables, dried peas and beans )

Question 27

Soluble fiber helps to lower ___ and regulate ___

Answer 27

Blood-cholesterol levels Regulate blood glucose (Fruits, vegetables, beans, oats, barley, fiber filled whole grains)

Question 28

Pregnany women should drink ___ of liquid per day

Answer 28

2.3 liters of liquid per day

Question 29

Micronutrients involved with building the skeleton, to support fetal bone development

Answer 29

Vitamin D Calcium Phosphorus Magnesium

Question 30

There is an increased need for what vitamins during pregnancy?

Answer 30

Vitamin B

Question 31

What vitamin 1. Supports the mtabolism of amino acids 2. Needed for the synthesis of RBC and DNA

Answer 31

1. Vitamin B6 2. Vitmain B12

Question 32

A mineral that is critical for the formation of thyroid hormones

Answer 32

Iodine

Question 33

Minerals that are closely associated with promoting oral health because of their effect on the development of fetal dentition

Answer 33

Iron and iodine

Question 34

_____ needs increase during pregnancy to 600mg per day to prevent neural tube defects

Answer 34

Folate

Question 35

Alcohol enters the unborn baby via the ___ and can slow fetal growth, damage the brain, or even result in miscarriage

Answer 35

Umbilical cord

Question 36

Pregnant women are 20x more likely to become infected with this disease, which is knows as ____

Answer 36

Listeriosis

Question 37

Primary teeth begins to form a ___ week of gestation age when cells in the fetal oral cavity begin to differentiate and form tooth buds

Answer 37

6 week

Question 38

Mineralization begins at ___ in utero, and central incisors have 83% of their enamel formed by the time of birth

Answer 38

4 months

Question 39

Deficiencies in these micronutrients have an effect on developing dentition

Answer 39

Vitamins A, C and D Minerals - calcium, phosphorus, fluoride, iron and iodine

Question 40

Vitamin _ deficiency often accompanies protein-calorie malnutrition

Answer 40

A

Question 41

Vitamin _ deficiency that occurs during gestation results in decreased epithelial tissue development, tooth morphogenesis dysfunction and decreased odontoblast differentiation in fetal development

Answer 41

A

Question 42

Vitamin _ plays a role in the integrity of osteoblasts, fibroblasts, chondroblasts and odontoblasts

Answer 42

Vitamin C

Question 43

A vitamin that is necessary for synthesis of collagen, which contributes to the organic matrix for the deposition of calcium phosphate crystals that occurs during bone mineralization

Answer 43

Vitamin C

Question 44

Longterm deficiency of vitamin C leads to?

Answer 44

Scurvy

Question 45

A serious condition for a pregnant woman

Answer 45

Iron-deficiency anemia

Question 46

Deficiency that can cause mental retardation in a fetus, delayed tooth eruption and malocclusion

Answer 46

Iodine deficiency

Question 47

Increased the resistance of teeth to decay by increasing mineralization

Answer 47

Fluoride