preformationism Flashcards
PREFORMATIONISM
FOR CENTURIES, PEOPLE LOOKED ON CHILDREN AS FULLY FORM MINIATURE ADULT, AND WORK ALONG SIDE ADULT DOING SIMILAR JOBS
LOCKE THEORY
CHILD’S MIND IS A BLANK SLATE/ AND WHATEVER COMES INTO THE MIND COMES FOR IN ENTER ENVIRONMENT.
GESELL THEORY
CHILD’S DEVELOPMENT IS DIRECTED FROM WITHIN, BY THE ACTION OF GENES. THIS PROCESS IS MATURATION.
PIAGETS THEORY
A COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT THEORIST. HE IDENITIFED 4 STAGES OF CONGITIVE DEVELOPMENT
KOHLBERG THEORY
FOCUSED ON MORAL DEVELOPMENT/ AND PROVIDED A STATE THEORY OF MORAL THINKING THAT GOES WELL BEYOND PIAGET’S INITAL FORMULATIONS
WERNER THEORY(ON PHYSIOGNOMIC PRECEPTION)
MONTESSORI THEORY
CONCEPT OF SENSITIVE PERIOD. CHILD IS EAGER AND ABLE TO MASTER CERTAIN TASK.
BOWLBY AND AINSWORTH THEORY
PRINCIPLES OF ATTACHMENT; WHEN MOTHER OR CAREGIVERS ARE RESPONSIVE TO THEIR CHILDREN’S CRIES AND OTHER ATTACHMENTS GESTURE, THE CHILDREN DEVELOP WELL.
POVOLV THEORY
CLASSICAL CONDITIONING/SALIVATION IN DOGS BASED ON THE GIVEN STIMULUS.
SHORT ANSWER: WHAT IS PREFORMATIONISM? GIVE EXAMPLE.
PEOPLE SEEM TO HAVE LOOKED ON CHILDREN AS FULLY FORMED MINIATURE ADULT. AND CHILDREN WERE SENT TO WORK AT AGES 6-7
WHAT IS THE BASIC DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE VIEW OF LOCKE AND ROUSSEAU ON HOW CHILDREN DEVELOP?
LOCKE SAID THAT CHILDREN ARE EMPTY CONTAINERS THAT ARE FILLED BY ADULT TEACHING/ ROUSSEA CHILDREN ARE NOT EMPTY/ OR BLANK SLATE, BUT HAVE THEIR OWN THINKING, DUE TO NATURE’S PLAN.
WHAT DID ROUSSEAU BELIEVE THE MAJOR PROBLEM OF THE MODERN INDIVIDUAL IS? WHAT WAS HIS GOAL FOR EDUCATION
WE SHOULD ALLOW THEM TO PERFECT THEIR OWN CAPACITES AND LET THEM LERN IN THEIR OWN WAY AS NATUTE INTEND.
WHAT DID GESELL MEAN BY “MATURATION?
IS DIRECTED FROM WITHIN BY THE ACTION OF GENES
WHAT WAS GESELL’s PHILOSOPHY OF CHILD-REARING/ WAHT WAS HIS ADVISE TO PARENTS IN THE CASE OF INFANT FEEDING OR SLEEP?
THE INFANT IS FED WHEN HE IS HUNGRY; HE IS ALLOWED TO SLEEP WHEM HE IS SLEEPY/ LET NATURE TAKES IS COURSE NO PARENTAL INVOLVEMENT
WHAT IS THE NAME OF PIAGET’S SECOND OF SENSORI-MOTOR DEVELOP?
STAGE 2. PRIMARY CIRCULAR REACTION. APPROX (1 TO 4 MONTHS)
WHAT IS THE MAJOR ACHIEVEMENT OF THIS STAGE OF STAGE 2 / GIVE EXAMPLE
COORDINATING TWO BODY MOVEMENTS ( SEPERATE BODY SCHEMES) (2) EXAMPLE; WHEN A CHILD WANTS TO SUCK ON HIS HAND, HE CHASE AFTER IT.
STAGE 3. SECONDARY CIRCULAR REACATION. APPOX(4 TO 8 MONTHS) MAIN ACHEIVEMENT
MAKING INTERESTING EVENTS LAST./ EXAMPLE; REPEATING FUN ACTION
STAGE 4. THE COORDINATION OF SECONDAY SCHEMAS/ APPROX.( 8 TO 12 MONTHS) MAIN ACHEIVEMENT/
OVERCOMING OBSTACLES, MEANS/ ENDS EXAMPLE; REMOVE HANDS THAT IS BLOKCING THE TOY, THEN REACH FOR THE TOY.
STAGE 5. TERTIARY CIRCULAR REACTION APPOX. (12 TO 18 MONTHS) MAIN ACHEIVEMENT
ACTIVE EXPERIENCE/ EXAMPLE; DOING DIFFERENT THING TO HAVE DIFFERENT RESUL; DROPPING KEY FROM DIFFERENT HEIGHT.
STAGE 6 THE BEGINNING OF THOUGHT. APPOX 18-24 MONTHS. MAIN ACHEIVEMEN;
DEFER IMITATION: USE SYMBOLS; PHYSICAL/ MOTOR SYMBOLS/ EXAMPLE OPENING BOX WHILE HAVING MOUTH OPENED.
PIAGET’S THEORY ON EGOCENTRISM?
UNABLE TO SEE FROM OTHERS, POINT VIEW/ EXAMPLE /FIVE YEAR OLD GIRL; GIVES HER BROTHER A TIARA FOR HIS BIRTHDAY,
PIAGET’S TERM: “CONSVERSATION”
SOMETHING STAYS THE SAME IN QUANTITY EVEN THOUGH ITS APPEARANCE CHANGES/ REGARDLESS OF THE REDISTRIBUTION IT DOES AFFECT ITS MASS NOR VOLUME/ EXAMPLE USE
ANIMISM
REALIZING NOT EVERYTHING’S ALIVE/ EXAMPLE ROCK FALLING DOWM FORM A MOUNATIN
PIAGET’S PREOPERATIONAL THOUGH ( 2 to 7 YRS)
CHILDREN ARE NOT ABLE TO USE LOGIC; EXAMPLE/CHILD LACKS CONSERVATION WHEN IT COME TO MASS AND VOLUME. THE SAME AMOUNT OF WATER REARRANGE BOWL/ BOTTLE CHILD UNABLE TO TELL THE DIFFERENCE.
PIAGET MORAL JUDGMENT BASED ON CONSEQUENCES
CHILDREN BELIEVE THAT RULES ARE FSEIXED AND UNCHANGEABLE,/ EXAMPLE RULE ARE FROM GOD AND IF CHANGE THEN THE GAME IS NOT REAL
PIAGET CONCRETE OPERATIONS (7 to 11 yrs)
SENSE OF CONSERVATION, MORE LOGICAL THOUGHT/ CHILD HAS TWO PIECES OF STRING THAT ARE THE SAME LENGHTH AND ?
PIAGET FORMAL OPERATION (11 years on)
CAPABLE TO SLOVE MENTAL TASK, AND ABSTRAC THINKING; EXAMPLE; IF HAVE A THIRD EYE WHERE WOULD YOU PUT. NOT NEED FOR A THIRD EYE TWO IS PERFECT.
PIAGET’S THEORY WHAT IS THE PROCESS OR FORCE BY WHICH A CHILD DEVELOPS NEW CONGNITIVE STRUCTURE(AND MOVES FORM STAGE TO STAGE? GIVE EXAMPLE
THROUGH INTERESTING AND CONFLICTING PIECES OF INFORMATION CHILDREN DEVELOP NEW COGNITIVE STRUCTURES. EXAMPLE
KOHLBERG’S FOURTH STAGE OF MORAL JUDGMENT AND GIVE EXAMPLE
STAGE 4. MAINTAINING SOCAL ORDER.
EXPHASIS IS ON OBEYING LAWS AND RESPECTING AUTHORITY, EXAMPLE THEY COULD NOT CONDONE THEFT.
WHAT DID WARNER MEAN BY’ physiog prection”? HOW DID THE LECTURE USE THIS CONCEPT TO CRITIZES PIAGET.
THE PHYSICAL APPEARANCE OF A FACE AND FACIAL EXPRESSION TO JUDGE MENTAL ABILITIES SUCH AS EMOTION/ EXAMPLE A BRAND NEW CAR LOOKS ALERT. PIAGET WAS WRONG WHEN HE SAID THIS PERCEPTION ONLY HAPPEN WITH KIDS ONLY, BUT ADULT THESE PERCEPTION SUCH AS MUSICIAN AND INDIGIOUS PEOPLE.EXAMPLE DRUM TALK AND TREES HAVE LIFE
WHAT DID MONTESSOR MEAN BY “SENSITIVE PERIOD”? GIVE TWO EXAMPLE
BETWEEN 1 TO 2 YRS CHILDREN FIX ATENTION ON MINUTE DETAILS/ EXAMPLE (1) THEY DETECT SMALL INSECT THAT ESCAPE OUR NOTICE (2) BETWEEN 18 MONTHS TO 3; CHILD REFINE THEIR MOVEMENT AND SENSE OT TOUCH;EXAMPLE A CHILD TOUCHING STUFF ANIMAL AND PLAYING WITH KEYS WOULD HELP THEM TO DEVELOP SKILLS IN READING AND WRITING,
DEFINE INTRINIC AND EXTRINSIC MOTIVES FOR LEARNING AND GIVE TWO EXAMPLES
INTRINIC LEARNING IS DOING A PARTICULAR TASK WITH SOME SENSE OF ENJOYMENT AND EXTRINSIC MOTIVES IS DOING SOMETHING THAT SOCIETY REQUIRE ME TO DO/LEARNING IS NECESSARY TO HAVING A GOOD JOB
WHAT IS ETHOLOGY:?
THE STUDY OF ANIMALS
GIVE AND EXAMPLE OF THE SPECIFIC RELEASING STIMULS IN ANIMAL
WHEN THE CHICKS MOTHER HEAR HER CHICKS IN DISTRESS SHE WILL RESPOND TO HELP THEM
BRIEFTLY DESCRIBE BOWLBY’S THEORY ON THE WHY INFANTS AND TODDLERS SEEM TO BE SO DESPERATE TO STAY NEAR CARETAKERS.
THE REASON WHY TODDLER CRAVE FOR ATTACHMEN IT IS A MEHANICISM FOR SERVIVAL.
GIVE AN EXAMPLE OF THE SEPECIFIC
DEFINE IMPRINTING. WHY DID BOWLBY BELIEVE THERE IS IMPRINTING IN HUMAN?
WHEN INFORMATION IS FILLED IN DURING AN EARLY CRITICAL PERIOD THIS IS CALLED IMPRINTING, BOWLBY BELIEVE THAT IN HUMANS BABY ARE ATTACH TO PARENTS EARLY BECAUSE IT HELPS THE CHILD TO SERVIVE FROM BEING HARM.
DISCRIBE AINSWORTH’ PATTERN OF ATTACHMENT. GIVE AN EXAMPLE OF EACH
ROUSSEAU THEORY;
