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principal of health science > prefix > Flashcards

prefix Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

abdominal Quadrant

A

one of the four regions used to divide the abdomen into sections

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2
Q

abdominal region

A

one of the nine equal areas of the abdomen that are named and used as reference points when discussing the body

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3
Q

abdominopelvic cavity

A

the part of the ventral cavity that lies below the diaphragm muscle; includes the abdominal cavity for the digestive organs and the pelvic cavity that houses the reproductive organs, bladder, and rectum.

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4
Q

acronyms

A

an abbreviation in which every letter stands for a word

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5
Q

anatomy

A

The physical structure or parts of the body

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6
Q

anterior

A

a directional term that refers to the front side of the body

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7
Q

body cavity

A

a hallow space between the body that is lined by a membrane and contains bodily organs

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8
Q

body plane

A

a flat or level surface seen by cutting away part of the body through surgery or medical imaging to serve as a point of reference when discussing anatomy.

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9
Q

body region

A

an area of the body with a specific name, which is used as a reference point when discussing anatomy.

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10
Q

body system

A

a group of organs working together to perform a vital function in the body

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11
Q

caudal

A

A directional term used to reference a point closer to the tailbone

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12
Q

cell

A

a small group of organelles that fulfill a specific purpose and are held together by a membrane

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13
Q

cell membrane

A

a semipermeable outer covering of a cell with holes that act as its doors and windows.

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14
Q

combining vowel

A

a letter used to connect root words together when the next root or suffix does not begin with a vowel.

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15
Q

cranial

A

a directional term used to talk about a point closer to the head.

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16
Q

cranial cavity

A

the part of the dorsal cavity that contains the brain.

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17
Q

cytoplasm

A

a semifluid structure contained within the walls of a cell in which chemical reactions take place.

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18
Q

deep

A

a directional term that refers to body structures farther below the surface of the body.

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19
Q

DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)

A

material present in a cell that contains complete plans for items the cell builds; carries cell’s genetic information.

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20
Q

distal

A

a directional term that refers to a part that is farther away from the attachment site on the body; can also be used to describe internal organs.

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21
Q

dorsal

A

a directional term used to describe surfaces are located on the back of the body.

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22
Q

dorsal cavity

A

the cavity in the back of the body that is protected by the bones of the skull and vertebrae.

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23
Q

endoplasmic reticulum

A

the organelle that moves ribosomes in and out of the nucleus as they are assembled; can be rough (covered with ribosomes from the nucleus for building proteins) or smooth (builds and stores fats and carbohydrates and detoxifies harmful substances).

24
Q

frontal plane

A

the body plane that divides the body (or organ) into its front and back sections; also called the coronal plane.

25
Q

Golgi apparatus

A

an organelle made up of layers of membrane in the cytoplasm; inspects, sorts, and packages proteins for use within or removal from the cell.

26
Q

inferior

A

a directional term that means lower down on the body.

27
Q

lateral

A

a directional term that refers to a point toward the side of the body.

28
Q

lysosomes

A

organelles that use digestive enzymes to destroy used, dead, and foreign materials that are left behind after energy is used up.

29
Q

medial

A

a directional term that refers to a point closer to the center of the body.

30
Q

medical technology

A

special vocabulary that is used in healthcare and is often formed from Latin and Greek word parts.

31
Q

midsagittal plane

A

the body plane that divides the body exactly down the midline

32
Q

mitochondria

A

organelles that function as power stations for cells.

33
Q

mnemonic device

A

a learning tool that helps students memorize information.

34
Q

nucleolus

A

the organelle located at the center of the nucleus, which uses ribosomes to build proteins.

35
Q

nucleus

A

the organelle that contains genetic material controls the cell’s activity.

36
Q

organ

A

a distinct body structure made of different tissues working together for the same purpose.

37
Q

organelle

A

a part of a cell that has a specific task.

38
Q

physiology

A

the functions or inner workings of the body.

39
Q

plural

A

a term that means more than one in number.

40
Q

posterior

A

a directional term that refers to the back side of the bod

41
Q

prefix

A

a word part that appears at the beginning of a word.

42
Q

proximal

A

a directional term that indicates that the part being discussed is closer to the point of attachment to the body; can also be used to describe internal organs.

43
Q

ribosomes

A

organelles that build proteins for the cell; may be free in the cytoplasm or attached to rough endoplasmic reticulum.

44
Q

root word

A

the foundation of a medical term; carries the term’s meaning.

45
Q

sagittal plane

A

the body plane that divides the body, organ, or appendage into right and left sections.

46
Q

spinal cavity

A

the part of the dorsal cavity that contains the spinal cord.

47
Q

standard anatomical position (SAP)

A

the agreed-upon reference for body position when studying anatomy; standing erect on two legs, facing frontward, with the arms at the sides and palms facing forward.

48
Q

suffix

A

a word part that appears at the end of a word.

49
Q

superficial

A

a directional term that refers to the outside surface of the body.

50
Q

superior

A

a directional term that means above or higher up on the body.

51
Q

thoracic cavity

A

the part of the ventral cavity that lies above the diaphragm muscle; includes the pericardial cavity and two pleural cavities.

52
Q

tissue

A

a group of cells of the same type working together for the same purpose.

53
Q

transverse plane

A

the body plane that divides the body into top and bottom sections.

54
Q

vacuole

A

an organelle that allows larger enzymes and waste molecule packages to pass through the cell membrane.

55
Q

ventral

A

a directional term used to describe surfaces move closer together when you bend a joint.

56
Q

ventral cavity

A

the cavity in the front of the body that is surrounded by the ribs and pelvic bones.

principal of health science (2 decks)

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