Predators and Parasites

Question 1

Define predation?

Answer 1

The consumption of all or part of one organism (the prey) by another (the predator) in which the prey is alive when the predator first attacks it.

Question 2

What is the term given to the evolutionary arm’s race?

Answer 2

Red Queen Hypothesis

Question 3

Give an example of a prey interaction generated in laboratory microcosms?

Answer 3

Bean weevil and braconid parasitoid.

Question 4

Which interferences may cause trophic cascades?

Answer 4

Apex predator removal or mesopredator release.

Question 5

Define 3 traits of parasites?

Answer 5

Live in intimate association with hosts, derive resources, harm but do not kill.

Question 6

Define 2 traits of micro parasites?

Answer 6

Multiply directly within their host, spread in fluid or by vector.

Question 7

Define two traits of macro parasites?

Answer 7

Grow but do not multiply within/on host, release infective stages

Question 8

Give examples of micro parasites?

Answer 8

Bacterium (Tetanus), Virus (Influenza), Protozaon (Malaria)

Question 9

Give examples of macro parasites?

Answer 9

Helminths (tapeworms), Arthropods (ticks), fungi (mildew)

Question 10

What does parasitism reduce?

Answer 10

Survival, fecundity, growth, competitive ability, ability to avoid predation and sometimes behaviour (Toxoplasmosis).

Question 11

What is the growing problem surrounding parasites?

Answer 11

Antibiotic resistance and the hygiene hypothesis.