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POLITY > PREAMBLE > Flashcards

PREAMBLE Flashcards

1
Q

Concept of Preamble

A

Borrowed from the US Constitution

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2
Q

Indian Preamble

A

Based on Objectives Resolution
Dra ed by Jawaharlal Nehru

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3
Q

Introduced in Constituent Assembly

A

13th December 1946

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4
Q

Passed by Constituent Assembly

A

22nd January, 1947

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5
Q

Amended only once till date

A

42nd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1976

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6
Q

3 new words added

A

Socialist, Secular, Integrity

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7
Q

What was the exact constitutional status of India on 26th January, 1950?
(a) A Democratic Republic
(b) A Sovereign Democratic Republic
(c) A Sovereign Secular Democratic Republic
(d) A Sovereign Socialist Secular Democratic Republic

A

B

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8
Q

Source of authority of the Constitution

A

We the people…

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9
Q

Nature of the Indian State

A

Sovereign, Socialist, Secular, Democratic, Republic

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10
Q

Objectives of the Constitution

A

Justice, Liberty, Equality, Fraternity

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11
Q

Date of Adoption of the Constitution

A

26th November, 1949

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12
Q

We the people of India……….In our Constituent Assembly this ʻXʼ do hereby adopt, enact and give to ourselves this Constitution.” ʻXʼ stands for
(a) Twenty sixth day of January, 1950
(b) Twenty sixth day of November, 1949
(c) Twenty sixth day of January, 1949
(d) None of the above

A

B

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13
Q

Independent

A

○ No one is ruling a country
○ Free will of the people

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14
Q

Dominion

A

Final laws will come into force a er the assent of the ruler of another nation

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15
Q

Republic

A

○ Head of the state is elected by the people
○ Office open to everyone without any discrimination

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16
Q

Monarchy

A

Head of the state is hereditary

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17
Q

Autocracy

A

○ One single individual holding unlimited power
○ He may or may not be hereditary

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18
Q

Q.) Which of the following statements best reflects the chief purpose of the Constitution of a country?
(a) It determines the objective for the making of necessary laws
(b) It enables the creation of political offices and a government
(c) It defines and limits the powers of the government
(d) It secures, social justice, social equality, and social security

A

C

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19
Q

Socialism

A

○ Indian brand of socialism
○ Not just blindly following the communism

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20
Q

Mixed Economy

A

Co-existence of private and public sector

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21
Q

LPG Reforms of 1991

A

Diluted the Socialism in India

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22
Q

INDIAN SOCIALISM

A

Blend of Marxism and Gandhian
○ Heavily tilted in favor of Gandhian Socialism
○ de-centralization of social, economic, and political means
○ Peacefully – without armed rebellion
○ No need to overthrow existing structures
○ No revolt on the basis of class

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23
Q

Q.) One common agreement between Gandhism and Marxism is:
(a) The final goal of a stateless society
(b) Class struggle
(c) Abolition of private property
(d) Economic determinism

A

A

24
Q

Atheistic State

A

○ State is against the religion
○ No religion can exist in the state

25
Q

Theocratic State

A

○ State strongly supports 1 religion
○ Has official religion of its own

26
Q

Secular State

A

○ No official religion of the state
○ All religions can co-exist
○ No foundation of religion
○ State doesnʼt have anything to do with religion
○ No loyalty to one particular religion
○ Equal freedoms to all religions

27
Q

Tools of direct democracy

A

Referendum – people directly vote for a law
Initiative – people can propose the bill for initiation to the legislature
Recall – people have the power to remove a legislator from the office for lack of duty Plebiscite – obtain opinion of the people on any specific matter of national importance

28
Q

indirect democracy

A

Not a direct democracy
Representatives of the people have power
Representative democracy
Parliamentary Democracy

29
Q

Democracy in India

A

○ Executive responsible to the Legislature
○ Free, fair, and frequent elections
○ Independence of Judiciary
○ Absence of discrimination
○ Rule of Law

30
Q

Q.) Which one of the following factors constitutes the best safeguard of liberty in a liberal democracy?
(a) A committed judiciary
(b) Centralisation of powers
(c) Elected government
(d) Separation of powers

A

D

31
Q

Q.) Democracyʼs superior virtue lies in the fact that it calls into activity
(a) the intelligence and character of ordinary men and women.
(b) the methods for strengthening executive leadership.
(c) a superior individual with dynamism and vision.
(d) a band of dedicated party workers.

A

A

32
Q

Justice in India

A

○ Distributive Justice
○ Rights, responsibilities, resources, and burdens are distributed
○ Just and equitable society
○ Addressing inequalities

33
Q

Liberty, Equality, Fraternity

A

○ Trinity
○ Co-exist together
○ Even if one is missing – democracy is defeated

34
Q

Egalitarian social order

A

Equality for all in social, economic and political sense

35
Q

Q.) In the context of polity, which one of the following would you accept as the most appropriate definition of liberty?
(a) Protection against the tyranny of political rulers
(b) Absence of restraint
(c) Opportunity to do whatever one likes
(d) Opportunity to develop oneself fully.

A

D

36
Q

Q.) Which one of the following reflects the nicest, appropriate relationship between law and liberty?
(a) if there are more laws, there is less liberty.
(b) If there are no laws, there is no liberty.
(c) If there is liberty, laws have to be made by the people.
(d) If laws are changed too o en, liberty is in danger.

A

B

37
Q

Q.) Which one of the following objectives is not embodied in the Preamble to the Constitution of India?
(a) Liberty of thought
(b) Economic liberty
(c) Liberty of expression
(d) Liberty of belief

A

B

38
Q

Q.) ‘Economic Justice’ the objectives of Indian Constitution has been as one of the provided in
(a) the Preamble and Fundamental Rights
(b) the Preamble and the Directive Principles of State Policy
(c) the Fundamental Rights and the Directive Principles of State Policy
(d) None of the above

A

B

39
Q

Fraternity

A

○ Sense of brotherhood
○ One India – United India

40
Q

Single Citizenship

A

Promotes Fraternity

41
Q

Fundamental Duties

A

○ Article 51A
○ Promote harmony and spirit of common brotherhood

42
Q

Dignity of an Individual

A

○ Not only material and political development
○ Personality of every individual – sacred

43
Q

A.K. Gopalan vs State of Madras (1950)

A

Supreme Court ruled that Preamble is not enforceable in a court of law.

44
Q

Berubari Union Case, 1960

A

○ Preamble is key to the mind of the Constitution Makers
○ Assists in the interpretation of ambiguous clauses
○ Preamble is not a part of the Constitution

45
Q

Keshavananda Bharti vs State of Kerala (1973)

A

Supreme Court ruled that the Preamble is a part of the Indian Constitution.
○ Constitution should be read and interpreted along with the Preamble
○ Preamble can be amended without changing the Basic Structure

46
Q

LIC of India vs Consumer Education and Research Center, 1995

A

Preamble is a part of the Constitution

47
Q

Preamble

A

○ Inserted at the end by the Constituent Assembly
○ To ensure that Preamble and Constitution are in sync

48
Q

INTERPRETATIONS

Preamble

A

○ Not a source of authority to the legislature
○ Not a source of prohibition over the legislature
○ Non-justiciable – not enforceable in a court of law

49
Q

Q.) The Preamble to the Constitution of India is
(a) A part of the Constitution but has no legal effect
(b) Not a part of the Constitution and has no legal effect either
(c) A part of the Constitution and has the same legal effect as any other part
(d) A part of the Constitution but has no legal effect independently of other parts

A

D

50
Q

DIFFERENT NAMES OF PREAMBLE

A

Introduction or preface to the Constitution

51
Q

N.A. Palkhiwala

A

Identity card of the Constitution

52
Q

Sir Alladi Krishnaswami Iyer

A

Preamble expresses what we had thought or dreamt so long

53
Q

K.M. Munshi

A

Preamble is Horoscope of our Sovereign, Democratic, Republic

54
Q

Pandit Thakurdas Bhargava

A

○ Preamble – most precious part of the Constitution
○ Soul of the Constitution
○ Key to the Constitution
○ Jewel Set in the Constitution
○ Yardstick with which one can measure the worth of the Constitution

55
Q

Ernest Barker

A

Key note to the Constitution

56
Q

M. Hidayatullah

A

○ Preamble resembles Declaration of Independence of United States but it is more than a declaration
○ Soul of our Constitution
○ Lays down the pattern of Political Society
○ Only a revolution can alter its resolve

57
Q

Q.) The mind of the makers of the Constitution of India is reflected in which of the following?
(a) The Preamble
(b) The Fundamental Rights
(c) The Directive Principles of State Policy
(d) The Fundamental Duties

A

A

POLITY (5 decks)

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