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Pre-Uni Law > Pre-Uni Words > Flashcards

Pre-Uni Words Flashcards

Law Dictionary

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1
Q

adjudication

A

formal judgement on disputed matter

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2
Q

appellant

A

a party who appeals

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3
Q

arbitrator

A

an independent person or body officially appointed to settle a dispute

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4
Q

beneficiary

A

person who derives advantage from something (e.g. a trust/will)

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5
Q

bylaw

A

regulation made by company or society to control the actions of its members

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6
Q

case stated

A

cases based upon legal arguments where there is no factual dispute

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7
Q

claimant

A

(civil) a person making a claim

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8
Q

common law

A

the part of English law that is derived from custom and judicial precedent rather than statutes
AND/OR
law that is not a result of legislation but by precedents, English law, law that is not foreign

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9
Q

community law

A

law that affects/applies to EU member countries

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10
Q

consent order

A

both parties agreeing to come to a settlement by means of a court order

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11
Q

contempt of court

A

person/party disobeying order of court

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12
Q

conviction

A

(criminal) a formal declaration by the verdict of a jury or the decision of a judge in a court of law that someone is guilty of a criminal offence

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13
Q

damages

A

(civil) a sum of money claimed or awarded in compensation for a loss or an injury

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14
Q

decree

A

a judgement or decision of certain law courts, especially in matrimonial cases

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15
Q

defendant

A

(criminal) person/party being accused

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16
Q

delegated legislation

A

ministers’ or bodies’ (other than the Parliament but with their permission) more detailed law to support the enabling act

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17
Q

devolution

A

transfer or delegation of power to a lower level, decent to a lower or worse state

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18
Q

equity

A

a branch of law that developed alongside common law and is concerned with fairness and justice

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19
Q

indictment

A

(criminal) formal accusation against serious crime suspect, filed after the conclusion of a jury investigation

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20
Q

injunction

A

(civil) a judicial order restraining a person from beginning or continuing an action threatening or invading the legal right of another, or compelling a person to carry out a certain act, e.g. to make restitution to an injured party

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21
Q

judicial review

A

a procedure by which a court can review an administrative action by a public body and (in England) secure a declaration, order, or award

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22
Q

layman

A

person who does not belong to the profession of which one is speaking

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23
Q

leapfrog procedure

A

bypass strategy (of appeals)

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24
Q

matrimonial

A

(civil) marital

25
Q

offence

A

(criminal) criminal wrong, a breach of a law or rule; an illegal act

26
Q

omission

A

(civil) civil wrong, a failure to fulfil a moral or legal obligation

27
Q

petitioner

A

(civil) (matrimonial) a person who makes a formal application to a court for a juridical action

28
Q

plaintiff

A

(civil) (<1999) a person making a claim

29
Q

precedent

A

a previous case or legal decision that may be or (binding precedent) must be followed in subsequent similar cases

30
Q

primary legislation

A

government of the day’s principal policies

31
Q

private law

A

law between citizen and citizen

32
Q

procedural law

A

law regarding the enforcement and/or defence of legal rights and obligations

33
Q

prosecutor

A

(criminal) person or party making a criminal claim against another person/party

34
Q

public law

A

law between citizen and state (sometimes called constitutional and administrative law)

35
Q

quashing order

A

(civil) mandatory order to an inferior court fulfil public or statutory order

36
Q

respondent

A

(civil) a party against whom an appeal is filed

37
Q

restitutionary obligation

A

(civil) obligation to pay back undeserved funds (not considered an omission)

38
Q

secondary legislation

A

ministers’ or bodies’ (other than the Parliament but with their permission) more detailed law to support the enabling act

39
Q

settlor

A

(civil) person who transfers property (e.g. land or shares)

40
Q

specific performance

A

(civil) the performance of a contractual duty, as ordered in cases where damages would not be adequate remedy

41
Q

statute

A

a written law passed by government

42
Q

stipes

A

colloquial nickname for stipendiary magistrates

43
Q

substantive law

A

law regarding rights and obligations

44
Q

summary

A

(criminal) formal accusation against less serious crime suspect, filed without the presence/right to a jury trial

45
Q

testator

A

(civil) person making a will

46
Q

tort

A

(civil) civil wrong independent of contract

47
Q

trustee

A

(civil) person legally responsible for administering entrusted property

48
Q

certiorari

A

(civil) order by which a higher court reviews a case tried in a lower court

49
Q

ex parte

A

“from a side” - the absence of one or more party in court during a matter

50
Q

mandamus

A

(civil) mandatory order to an inferior court fulfil public or statutory order

51
Q

prima facie

A

“at first glance” - legally convincing first impression, unless proven by contrary evidence

52
Q

stare decisis

A

“stand by things decided” - legal practice of determining points in litigation according to precedent

53
Q

tortus

A

(civil) twisted/wrung

54
Q

cestui(s) que trust

A

(civil) /séttee kee trust/ beneficiary

55
Q

puisne

A

/puny/ the title of a judge, other than the chief justice, of a superior court of a common law jurisdiction

56
Q

tort (FR)

A

(civil) wrong

57
Q

double jeopardy

A

the prosecution or punishment of a person twice for the same offence

58
Q

social contract

A

where the people of a country surrender their power to a limited number of representatives to govern them

Pre-Uni Law (1 decks)

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