Pre-Test Flashcards
Copies of the survey instruments are included in the:
A. Front matter
B. Appendices
C. Body of the report
D. End matter
B. Appendices
According to the philosopher Hans Reichenbach, it is during the __________ stage of research that scientists formulate the ideas they pursue using the scientific method.
A. Justification
B. Empirical
C. Discovery
D. Final
C. Discovery
Databases that are used in research and can be found in the college library include all but which of the following?
A. JStor
B. Dissertations and Theses
C. ProQuest
D. All
E. EbscoHost
D. All
Definitions based on how something will be measured or manipulated are referred to as
A. Conceptual Definitions
B. Theoretical Definitions
C. Operational definitions
D. Precise definitions
C. Operational definitions
A researcher defines frustration as the number of teeth marks a student makes on a pencil while trying to solve a difficult problem. This is an example of a(n)
A. Theoretical definition
B. Conventional definition
C. Operational definition
D. Working definition
C. Operational definition
Definitions that use abstract or general terms are considered to be
A. Useful definition
B. Theoretical definitions
C. Working definition
D. Abstract definitions
B. Theoretical definitions
A testable supposition is also referred to as a
A. Variable
B. Theory
C. Construct
D. Hypothesis
D. Hypothesis
An event or condition that a researcher plans to measure or observe is called a
A. Construct
B. Hypothesis
C. Theory
D. Variable
D. Variable
In an experiment, one manipulates the __________ variable in order to measure its effect on the __________ variable.
A. Independent; dependent
B. Hypothesis; construct
C. Dependent variable ; independent variable
D. Construct; hypothesis
A. Independent; dependent
__________ is to cause as __________ is to effect.
A. Independent variable; construct
B. Independent variable; dependent variable
C. Dependent variable; independent variable
B. Independent variable; dependent variable
To help participants respond in a more open and honest manner to a survey, the researcher should describe the procedures he will use to ensure the __________ of the participants’ responses.
A. Selectivity
B. Privilege
C. Confidentiality
C. Confidentiality
According to the principle of respect for persons and their autonomy, all individuals have the right to __________ a research study.
A. Become a collaborator on
, Not Selected
B. Recruit other participants for
C. Choose whether or not to participate in
D. Help collect data for
C. Choose whether or not to participate in
Which of the following research practices is based on the ethical principle of respect for persons and their autonomy?
A. Assurance of confidentiality
B. Debriefing
C. Minimal use of deception
D. Informed consent
D. Informed consent
Sometimes informed consent of research participants is not necessary because it would be __________ for the researcher to obtain.
A. Frivolous
B. Impossible
C. Inconvenient
D. Laborious
B. Impossible
An informed consent form typically contains a description of all but one of the following:
A. Any potential risk or inconvenience to the participant
, Not Selected
B. The nature of the study
C. The procedure for ensuring the confidentiality of the data
D. The debriefing procedure
C. The procedure for ensuring the confidentiality of the data
Institutional Review Boards are important for complying with which ethical principle?
A. Beneficence and nonmaleficence
B. Fidelity and scientific integrity
C. Respect for persons and their autonomy
B. Fidelity and scientific integrity
Samples that consist of individuals who are easily available to the researcher are referred to as
A. Biased samples.
B. Opportunity samples.
C. Volunteer samples.
D. Random samples
B. Opportunity samples.
Survey researchers collect information from a __________ to infer “how things are” in a __________.
A. Sample; population
B. Control group;
C. Subset; sample
A. Sample; population
A major concern survey researchers have about samples is whether or not the samples are __________ the population.
A. Familiar with
B. Knowledgeable about
C. Representative of
D. Identical to
C. Representative of
Another name for systematic error is
A. Strata
B. Stability
C. Point estimate.
D. Bias
D. Bias
