Pre-Socratics Flashcards
List All 9 of the Pre-Socratic Philosophers in order
1) Thales
2) Anaximander
3) Anaximenes
4) Pythagoras
5) Heraclitus
6) Parmenides
7) Empedocles
8) Anaxagoras
9) Democritus
What does Arche mean
the single ultimate substance, the source of stuff that made the universe
what is Thales arche
water
when and where did Thales live
624-546 BC, in Miletus, Asia Minor
What was Thales Theory
- Thales thought water was alive
-water was capable of self movement
-thought the earth was a flat disk which floats on an exspanse of water
what is Anaximander known for
being the first Greek philosopher
what is Anaximanders arche
“apeiron” an endless, unlimited primordial mass, subject to neither old age or decay that perpetually yielded fresh materials from which everything we percieve is derived.
Anaximanders Theory of the earth
the earth floats in space, is not supported, is a disk shape,
what was Anaximander known for
-first philosopher to write down his studies
-first to use the term arche in a philosophical text
-first to understand that the earth floated in something like space
-first to think the sun was a huge mass, and relize how far away it is
where and when is Anaximander
610-546 BC, Miletus
Relationship between Anaximander and Thales
Thales was Anaximanders teacher, Anaximander succeeded Thales, Anaximander didn’t agree with Thales arche being water or that the earth was floatign on water
Where and when is Anaximenes
585-525 BC, Miletus
who were the 3 Milesian philosophers
Thales, Anaximander, Anaximenes
What is Anaximenes arche
air
monism
to identify one physical substance that unites all of reality and explains why some things stay the same amidst all the observable change
Anaximenes thoughts on air
the condensing and evaporating of air causes the creation of stones, flame ect
Anaximenes orgins of the cosmos
air condensed to create water and then earth, which is table like, stars are created from gas released by the earth, sun and moon are composed of earth but sun is aflame because of its speed, moon and sun are flat and move on treams of air,
when and where is Pythagoras
582-496 bc, Samos
what cult did Pythagoras create
was a very secret brotherhood that based there lives off of Pythagorases teachings
how did pythagoras discover his arche
muscial notes and harmonius relationships
what is Pythagoras arche
Number
who did Pythagoras greatly influence
Plato
what is Pythagoras known for
- being a great mathmatician
-Pythagorean theorem
when and where is Heraclitus
535-475 bc, Ephesus
What is Heraclitus known for
-“the Obscure”
-“weeping philosopher”
-for saying things that would contradict themselfs
Heraclitus’s theoryof his arche
that everything changes due to a divine guidance ( logos/ word)
