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Science > Pre-Sace Biology > Flashcards

Pre-Sace Biology Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is half the amount of chromosomes

A

Haploid

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2
Q

Double the chromosomes

A

Diploid

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3
Q

What is the resting phase of the cell

A

Interphase

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4
Q

What is the stage when chromosomes become visible, nuclear envelope dissolves, spindle forms

A

Prophase

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5
Q

Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell

A

Metaphase

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6
Q

The chromosomes move away to the opposite sides of the cell

A

Anaphase

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7
Q

The parent cell separates to form two genetically identical daughter cells

A

Telophase

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8
Q

produces 2 genetically identical diploid body cells

A

Mitosis

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9
Q

produces 4 genetically different haploid sex cells

A

Meiosis

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10
Q

uncontrolled cell division

A

cancer

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11
Q

a change in a DNA sequence

A

mutation

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12
Q

a picture of chromosomes ordered by size and banding pattern

A

karyotype

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13
Q

allele

A

different forms of a gene

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14
Q

DNA that codes for a specific trait

A

Gene

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15
Q

sperm and egg cells

A

gamete

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16
Q

body cells

A

somatic cell

17
Q

location of a gene on a chromosome

A

locus

18
Q

haploid number of human chromosomes

A

23

19
Q

diploid number of human chromosomes

A

46

20
Q

recessive traits

A

Trait that is expressed when genotype is homozygous

21
Q

dominant traits

A

the trait observed when at least one dominant gene is present

22
Q

heterozygous

A

having two different alleles for a trait

23
Q

homozygous

A

having two identical alleles for a trait

24
Q

phenotype

A

physical characteristics of a trait

25
Q

genotype

A

genetic makeup of a trait

26
Q

homozygous examples

A

AA and aa

27
Q

heterozygous example

A

Aa

28
Q

incomplete dominance

A

the traits are blended

29
Q

co dominance

A

When both alleles are shown in the phenotype

30
Q

sex linked traits

A

when genes are linked to the sex chromosomes

31
Q

sex linked trait example

A

haemophilia and colour blindness

32
Q

autosomal dominant definition

A

a dominant condition is transmitted from each generation

33
Q

autosomal recessive trait definition

A

A recessive trait will only manifest itself when homozygous (rr)

34
Q

X linked recessive definition

A

a condition passed down on the x chromosome

35
Q

autosomes

A

non sex chromosomes

36
Q

homologous chromosomes

A

the 23 pairs of human chromosomes

37
Q

A

A

T

38
Q

C

A

G

39
Q

order for the stages of mitosis

A

IPMAT

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