pre quizzes Flashcards
Galileo used a simple tube with——— to observe and collect light from celestial objects.
lenses
The amount of light that a telescope can collect increases with the square of its diameter. A telescope that is 8 meters in diameter can collect ——– times as much light as a 1 meter diameter telescope.
64
To view the image formed by a telescope we use another lens called ———
eyepiece
Telescopes that make use of mirrors to collect light are called ——–
reflectors
The first successful telescope using mirrors was built by ————-
newton
———- is a type of a telescope that makes use of lenses to collect light.
refractor
According to Figure 5.8, hotter objects peak at ———-
shorter wavelengths
One can use ——— to determine the speed with which objects are moving in space.
doppler effect
When a train blowing its whistle is approaching a stationary observer, the frequency of the sound waves ——- and this is called a ——–
increases, blue shift
An incandescent light bulb generates ———–
continuous spectrum
The resolution of an image is typically measured in units of ——–
acreseconds
Two or more telescopes that are linked together to observe a celestial object are called ———-
interferometers
Earth’s atmosphere blocks out all the visible and radio wavelengths coming from space.
false. earth’s atmosphere is transparent to visible and radio wavelengths.
The distortion of image caused by the turbulent air in the Earth’s atmosphere is called ——–
bad seeing
99.8% of the mass in our Solar System comes from ——–
the sun
A technique devised by astronomers to correct for the blurring effects of the Earth’s atmosphere is called ——
adaptive optics
———- in the Earth’s atmosphere ends up blocking IR radiation from space.
water vapor
———— wavelengths can only be observed from space.
UV, x-rays and gamma rays
——– is the smallest planet in our Solar System according to Table: 7.2
mercury
Planet Mercury is very similar to ——- in our Solar System in many ways.
the moon
The interior of Mercury contains ———
a metallic core the size of the moon
Mercury’s surface was mapped out in great detail by ———- spacecraft.
messenger
Venus has a very thick atmosphere. The atmospheric pressure at its surface is nearly ——- times that at the Earth’s surface.
100
The clouds of Venus are made up of ———-
sulfuric acid drops
It takes ——– days for Venus to complete one full rotation on its axis.
243
———- is the major composition of Venus’s atmosphere.
carbon dioxide
The entire crust of the Earth is divided into a dozen tectonic plates. These plates move due to a process called ——— in the mantle.
convection
Most of the Earth’s atmosphere is concentrated in the ———
troposphere
The Earth has a ———- core.
liquid, outer
Mars experiences seasons very much like Earth’s due to ———
similar axial tilt
Looking at Table 10.1 in Chapter 10, Mars’s ——— is almost identical to that of Earth’s.
rotation period
———— is the largest volcanic mountain on Mars.
olympus mons
Valles Marineris is a ———- on Mars.
giant tectonic crack
Jupiter is mostly made up of ————
hydrogen
The atmospheres of Jupiter and Saturn are identical containing three cloud decks. The top most cloud deck is made up of ———–
ammonia ice
———- is the galilean moon with a huge ocean of sub-surface liquid water.
europa
Most part of Jupiter’s interior is ———-
its mantle of metallic hyodrogen
Both Jupiter and Saturn show a banded structure. The lighter bands are zones of ——–
upwelling air capped by ammonia ice clouds
———- is the third largest planet of our Solar System.
uranus
Planet Uranus has the most extreme seasons in our Solar System as it has an axial tilt of ———
98 degrees
Uranus and Neptune lack ———.
metallic hydrogen layer
The cloud composition in Saturn’s atmosphere is identical to that of ———
jupiter
The top most cloud deck in Uranus and Neptune are made up of ——–
methane ice
———- is the only moon in our Solar System to host a thick atmosphere and lakes of hydrocarbons on its surface.
titan
largest moon of neptune
triton
How many planets have rings in our solar system?
4
———– is another moon which spews water rich geysers like Jupiter’s moon: Europa.
enceladus
Rings of Uranus and Neptune are very dark as they are thought to be made up of ——–
carbon
——— mission was sent to study comet: Churyumov-Gerasimenko.
Rosetta
The most ancient meteorites are about ———- years old.
4.6 billion
comet halley has an orbital period of ———
76 years
Bodies like Pluto, Eris and Makemake are thought to be residing ———
the kuipler belt
After the New Horizons Mission visited Pluto, the spacecraft ended up visiting another body called ——-
arrokoth
Comets like Hyakutake and Hale-Bopp have long orbital periods and are thought to be coming from ——–
the oort cloud
Comet ——— impacted Jupiter in 1994.
shoemaker levy-9
The temperature of the Sun’s Chromosphere is about ——–
10,000 K
Majority of Sun’s Mass is ———
Hydrogen
The layer of the Sun that immediately surrounds the core is called ———
Radiative Zone
Sunspots ———- the Photosphere.
are cooler than
The upwelling and downwelling motions of gas seen on the Sun are called ————
Granulations
Our Sun generates energy through Nuclear Fusion Reactions in its core. The energy is released by fusing Hydrogen nuclei to form ——— nucleus.
Helium
When fusion reactions happen in the Sun’s core energy/photons and elementary particles called neutrinos are generated. Neutrinos are ghostly particles that weakly interact with matter. So, it would take ——— for these neutrinos to reach the Sun’s surface.
2 seconds
At the Sun’s core, the temperature is about ———–
15 million K
The number of Sunspots on the Sun’s surface varies with time. On an average it follows a ——— cycle.
11 year
Violent eruptions on the Sun’s surface that last typically for 5 to 10 minutes that release tremendous amounts of energy are called ———-
Solar Flares
