Pre Quiz Questions Flashcards
The urinary bladder muscle is innervated by the sympathetic nervous system, which carries motor impulses to the bladder and inhibitory impulses to the internal sphincter, causing the detrusor muscle to relax, the internal sphincter to constrict, retaining urine in the bladder.
TRUE
FALSE
false
When evaluating postvoid residual urine in the bladder using a bladder ultrasound, which of the following findings indicates that the bladder is not emptying correctly?
Residual of 40 mL
Residual of 60 mL
Residual of 100 mL
Residual of 120 mL
Residual of 120 mL
The following type of incontinence results from a weakening of the pelvic floor muscles:
Overflow incontinence
Functional incontinence
Stress incontinence
Urge incontinence
Stress incontinence
Which of the following involves the surgical resection of the small intestine, with transplantation of the ureters to the isolated segment of small bowel?
Ileal conduit
Cutaneous ureterostomy
Urologic stent
Continent urinary diversion
Ileal conduit
Which of the following transports urine from the bladder to the exterior of the body
Urethra
Ureter
Nephron
Detruser
Urethra
A sterile urine specimen is obtained by catheterizing the patient’s bladder or by taking the specimen from an indwelling catheter already in place.
TRUE
FALSE
true
Patients who perform intermittent self-catheterization should be taught to use a clean, nonsterile technique.
TRUE
FALSE
true
Patients with reflex incontinence experience emptying of the bladder without the sensation of the need to void.
TRUE
FALSE
true
A nurse documents that a patient has anuria when the 24-hour urine output is less than 400 mL.
TRUE
FALSE
false
Which of the following urine characteristics measures the density of the chemicals and particles in the urine and the ability of the kidneys to concentrate urine?
Turbidity
Specific gravity
pH
Constituents
specific gravity
Consumption of fats and cholesterol is necessary for support of brain health and the production of vitamin D.
TRUE
FALSE
True
Anorexia refers to a disorder characterized by intentional self-starvation and/or self-induced vomiting.
TRUE
FALSE
false
Patients with diabetes would likely be placed on which of the following diets?
Renal diet
Consistent-carbohydrate diet
High-fiber diet
Sugar-restricted diet
consistent-carbohydrate diet
Carbohydrates are more easily and quickly digested than protein and fat.
TRUE
FALSE
true
Nutritional concerns of this age group include loss of lean body mass, periodontal disease, loss of taste, dehydration, and constipation:
School-aged children
Adolescents
Adults
Older adults
older adults
Obesity is defined as body weight 20% or more above ideal weight or having a body mass index (BMI) of 30 or more.
TRUE
FALSE
true
Of the six classes of nutrients, which of the following is important for the regulation of body processes?
Protein
Carbohydrates
Water
Lipids
water
A nasogastric or nasointestinal route is usually selected when nutritional support is needed for 4 to 8 weeks.
TRUE
FALSE
false
When nutrition is provided intravenously, bypassing the gastrointestinal tract for patients who are unable to take fluid orally, it is referred to as:
parenteral nutrition
enteral nutrition
jejunostomy nutrition
NG nutrition
parenteral
Which of the following represents an individual who is considered a healthy weight?
19
18
25
30
19
The Valsalva maneuver may be contraindicated in people with cardiovascular problems because it increases blood flow to the atria and ventricles, temporarily increasing cardiac output.
TRUE
FALSE
false
When assessing the abdomen, it is not necessary to auscultate in all four quadrants.
TRUE
FALSE
true
Which of the following would not be included in a teaching plan for the promotion of healthy bowel habits?
Encourage upright position when defecating
Encourage low-fiber diet
Encourage regular exercise
Encourage fluid intake of 2,000 to 3,000 mL/day
Encourage low-fiber diet
The function of this part of the digestive tract to secrete enzymes that digest proteins and carbohydrates.
The large intestine
The stomach
The small intestine
The esophagus
small intestine
Intestinal bacteria must be completely removed to prevent the development of C. Difficile, a health care–associated infection that is resistant to treatment and highly contagious.
TRUE
FALSE
false
Which of the following is a diagnostic stool test used to specifically detect bleeding in the lower GI tract?
Guaiac fecal occult blood test
Occult blood test
Stool culture
Fecal immunochemical test
Fecal immunochemical test
Which of the following commonly used enema solutions takes approximately 30 minutes to take effect?
Oil
Soap
Tap water
Phosphate
oil
Bleeding low in the intestinal tract or from inflamed hemorrhoids or fissures can result in the presence of:
black-colored stool
red-colored stool
clay-colored stool
yellow-colored stool
red-colored stool
The most common symptom of pinworm infection is perianal itching because adult pinworms migrate to the anal area during the night to deposit eggs.
TRUE
FALSE
true
An ileostomy allows liquid fecal content from the ileum of the small intestine to be eliminated through a stoma.
TRUE
FALSE
true
Which of the following refers to the brand name of a drug, which is selected by the pharmaceutical company that sells it and appears capitalized in drug literature and clinical practice.
Generic name
Trade name
Chemical name
Marketing name
trade name
The terms side effect, adverse drug reaction, allergic effect, or anaphylactic reaction all refer to the predictable secondary effects of medications.
TRUE
FALSE
false
the universal name of a medication, which identifies the drug’s active ingredient, is the name assigned by the manufacturer that first develops the drug.
TRUE
FALSE
false
Medications which are delivered outside the intestines or alimentary canal are referred to as which of the following?
Parenteral
Enteral
Intravenous
Subcutaneous
parenteral
Which of the following refers to the potential response of the body when it becomes accustomed to the effects of a particular drug over a period of time, resulting in the need for larger doses of the drug to produce the desired effect?
Toxicity
Dependence
Displacement
Tolerance
tolerance
The change of an active drug from its original form to an inactivated or new form is referred to as which of the following?
Absorption
Distribution
Metabolism
Excretion
metabolism
Nurses have the right to refuse to administer any medication that, based on their knowledge and experience, may be harmful to the patient.
TRUE
FALSE
true
Medication orders which can be administered on an as-needed basis with particularly clinical parameters are called:
PRN orders
STAT orders
routine orders
standing orders
prn
The pharmaceutical class of a drug refers to the clinical indication for the drug or action of the drug.
TRUE
FALSE
false
A common misconception is that response to medications may differ between people of different ethnic groups.
TRUE
FALSE
false
Which of the following accounts for about 30% of the total body water?
Extracellular fluid
Intracellular fluid
Transcellular fluid
Intravascular fluid
Extracellular fluid
Arterial blood gases are laboratory tests commonly used to determine the adequacy of oxygenation and ventilation, as well as in the assessment and treatment of acid–base imbalance.
TRUE
FALSE
true
Cells that are surrounded by this type of fluid in the intravascular space will swell and possibly burst.
Hypotonic solution
Hypertonic solution
Isotonic solution
Osmolar solution
hypotonic
Acidosis occurs when there is a lack of H ions or a gain of base (bicarbonate) and the pH exceeds 7.45.
TRUE
FALSE
false
Major electrolytes found inside cells include potassium, phosphorus, and magnesium.
TRUE
FALSE
true
Surgical hypoparathyroidism, vitamin D deficiency, and malabsorption are also causes of hypocalcemia.
TRUE
FALSE
true
Which of the following blood types is considered the universal donor?
Type A+
Type B-
Type AB
Type O
type o
The Which of the following electrolyte imbalances occurs when the sodium in the extracellular fluid is below 135 mEq/L?
Hypocalcemia
Hypomagnesemia
Hypokalemia
Hyponatremia
Hyponatremia
Lactated Ringer’s intravenous solution contains multiple electrolytes in about the same concentrations as found in plasma.
TRUE
FALSE
true
Which of the following pH findings would indicate the presence of acidosis?
7.5
7.4
7.3
7.8
7.3
