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.Physics - Nilay > Pre-Q Physics 2019 > Flashcards

Pre-Q Physics 2019 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 7 base units

A

Second, metre, mole, kilogram, ampere, kelvin, candela

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2
Q

How to work out absolute error

A

Measured value - accepted value

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3
Q

How to work out percentage error

A

(Error in measurement / accepted value) x 100

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4
Q

What is accuracy of a measurement

A

How close measurement is to true value

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5
Q

What is precision of a measurement

A

1) How close each answer is to eachother

2) To how many sig. fig. it measures.

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6
Q

Weight formula

A

Mass x Gravity

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7
Q

Density Formula

A

Mass / Volume

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8
Q

What is a scalar

A

A measurement with only a magnitude (size)

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9
Q

What is a vector

A

A measurement with magnitude and direction

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10
Q

Average speed formula

A

Distance travelled / time taken

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11
Q

Velocity formula

A

displacement / time taken

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12
Q

acceleration formula

A

△velocity / △time

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13
Q

What are the 5 suvat equations.

A
  • v = u + at
  • s = ut + 1/2at^2
  • v^2 = u^2 + 2as
  • s = 1/2(u+v) t
  • s = ut - 1/2at^2
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14
Q

What does suvat stand for

A 
s = displacement
u = initial velocity
v = final velocity
a = acceleration
t = time taken
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15
Q

Newtons 1st law

A

A body’s motion will remain constant unless acted upon by an unbalanced external force.

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16
Q

Newtons 2nd law

A

F = m x a

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17
Q

Newtons 3rd law

A

Every force has an equal and opposite reaction

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18
Q

What is hooke’s law

A

F = kx

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19
Q

Circular motion formula - centripetal force

A

F = mv^2 / r

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20
Q

Moment formula

A

Moment = force x perpendicular distance from pivot

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21
Q

Momentum formula

A

Momentum = mass x velocity

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22
Q

What is impulse

A

force x time - equal to change in momentum

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23
Q

Force of impact formula

A

Force = change in momentum / time taken

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24
Q

When two or more bodies act on eachother their _________ remains constant.

A

momentum - Pbefore = Pafter

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25
Q

Work done formula

A

Work done (J) = Force x distance moved in direction of force

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26
Q

Power in terms of work done formula

A

Power (W) = work done / time taken

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27
Q

Kinetic energy formula

A

Ek = 1/2mv^2

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28
Q

Change in GPE formula

A

mass x gravity x change in height

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29
Q

efficiency formula

A

Efficiency = Useful energy output / Total energy input

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30
Q

Pressure in solids formula

A

Pressure = Force / Area

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31
Q

Pressure in liquids formula

A

Pressure = Depth of liquid (m) x Density x Gravity

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32
Q

temperature definition

A

(scalar) measure of average kinetic energy of particles

33
Q

specific heat capacity definition

A

the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of 1kg substance by 1K

34
Q

specific latent heat definition

A

the amount of energy per kilogram required to change the phase of the substance at constant temperature.

35
Q

What is boyle’s law

A

pressure of gas is inversely proportional to volume at constant temperature. P1V1=P2V2

36
Q

What is charles’ law

A

Volume is directly proportional to temperature at constant pressure. V1/T1=V2/T2

37
Q

What is guy lussac’s law

A

Pressure is directly proportional to temperature of gas at constant volume. P1/T1=P2/T2

38
Q

What is combined gas law

A

P1V1/T1=P2V2/T2

39
Q

What is conduction

A

The transfer of heat through physical contact

40
Q

What is convection

A

The transfer of heat through fluids

41
Q

What is Radiation

A

The transfer of internal energy in the form of electromagnetic waves.

42
Q

The amount of thermal energy an object can absorb or emit via conduction depends on

A
  • The amount of particles in an object (mass)

- The forces between the particles (material)

43
Q

Specific heat capacity formula

A

Q=m x c x ΔΘ

44
Q

Thermal expansion refers to ___________

A

The fractional change in the size of material in response to a change in temperature

45
Q

What is a pulse

A

A single wave

46
Q

What is amplitude

A

Maximum displacement from resting postion

47
Q

What is Wavelength

A

Distance between two consecutive points in a phase

48
Q

What is a period

A

Time of one full oscillation

49
Q

What is frequency

A

Number of oscillations per unit of time

50
Q

Speed of wave formula

A

v = λf

51
Q

Wave behaviour in reflection

A

Angle of incidence = Angle of reflection

52
Q

Wave behaviour when light enters more dense medium

A

Light refracts towards medium

53
Q

Wave behaviour when light enters less dense medium

A

Light refracts away from medium

54
Q

Snells law formula

A

n = sin i/sin r

55
Q

refractive index in terms of speed of light formula

A

n = c/v

56
Q

refractive index in terms of critical angle formula

A

n = 1/sin c

57
Q

Which wave has longest wavelength

A

radio waves

58
Q

Which wave has shortest wavelength

A

gamma rays

59
Q

The gradient of a line in a speed/time graph represents -___________

A

acceleration

60
Q

Higher density means ________ refractive index

A

higher

61
Q

What are the 6 colours of visible light dispersed (in order)

A 
red
orange
yellow
green
blue
violet
62
Q

Kirchoff’s first law

A

Charge is conserved around a closed circuit

Total current input = total current output

63
Q

Kirchoff’s second law

A

Sum of EMF’s around circuit = sum of potential difference

64
Q

What does EMF stand for

A

Electromotive force (V)

65
Q

Whats’s ohm’s law formula

A

V=IR

66
Q

When an LDR is in the dark, its resistance is _____, and v.v

A

high

67
Q

When thermistor is hot, resistance is _____, and v.v

A

low

68
Q

How to calculate % uncertainty

A

(absolute uncertainty / total reading) x 100

69
Q

to calculate reading with zero error:

A

take away positive zero error,

add negative zero error

70
Q

How to estimate random error

A

(0.5 x range) - absolute uncertainty

71
Q

In a magnetic field, lines go from _______ to ________

A

north to south

72
Q

Vrms - how to calculate

A

Peak amplitude / √2

73
Q

What is Lenz’s law

A

Induced current flows to create internal magnetic field inside loop that opposes change in flux.

74
Q

What is faraday’s law

A

Size of induced voltage = rate of change of flux cutting through loop.

75
Q

Formula for flux

A

V = (delta flux/delta time)

76
Q

Formula for magnetic field strength

A

B = flux / area

77
Q

When alpha decay occurs, the atom loses:

A

2 protons and 2 neutrons

78
Q

When beta decay occurs, the atom loses:

A

Gains one neutron

.Physics - Nilay (3 decks)

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